1. Psychiatric characteristics in transsexual individuals: multicentre study in four European countries.
- Author
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Heylens, Gunter, Elaut, Els, Kreukels, Baudewijntje P. C., Paap, Muirne C. S., Cerwenka, Susanne, Richter-Appelt, Hertha, Cohen-Kettenis, Peggy T., Haraldsen, Ira R., and De Cuypere, Griet
- Subjects
PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,AGE factors in disease ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,MEDICAL cooperation ,CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders ,PROBABILITY theory ,RESEARCH ,STATISTICS ,TRANSSEXUALS ,DATA analysis ,GENDER affirmation surgery ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background Research into the relationship between gender identity disorder and psychiatric problems has shown contradictory results. Aims To investigate psychiatric problems in adults fulfilling DSM-IV-TR criteria for a diagnosis of gender identity disorder. Method Data were collected within the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview - Plus and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (n = 305). Results In 38% of the individuals with gender identity disorder a current DSM-IV-TR Axis I diagnosis was found, mainly affective disorders and anxiety disorders. Furthermore, almost 70% had a current and lifetime diagnosis. Al! four countries showed a similar prevalence, except for affective and anxiety disorders, and no difference was found between individuals with early-onset and late-onset disorder. An Axis II diagnosis was found in 15% of all individuals with gender identity disorder, which is comparable to the general population. Conclusions People with gender identity disorder show more psychiatric problems than the general population; mostly affective and anxiety problems are found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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