Search

Octavian Ghibu was born in 1912 being the eldest son of Onisi for Ghibu and Veturia Nicolau-Ghibu. He studied economics and law and received a doctorate in economics, becoming one of the youngest businessmen of interwar Romania. He was arrested in 1948, and sent in forced-labour camps during 1950-1951. In 1961, he was tried and sentenced to 17 years in prison on false charges of treason and was released in 1964. In order to earn a living for himself and his family, he was forced to work, until his retirement, in jobs incompatible with his high professional training, taking into account the fact that he had a political severely negative record. As an exception, he had the opportunity to contribute to the improvement of economic university education (insurances). For more than three decades, the main aim of his life was to systematize and publish the huge written work of his father, the scholar, professor and national unity activist Onisifor Ghibu, who was severely marginalised by the communist regime between 1945 and 1972. Octavian Ghibu played an important role in establishing relations with the Republic of Moldova from 1990 onwards and revitalising Romanian spirit in this country; he contributed to the restoration and improvement of the Romanian language and culture in Basarabia by organising the "Onisifor Ghibu" Library in Chișinău (1992). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exploration of the cultural and scientific heritage from the holdings of the National Museum of History of Moldova through the study of collections related to the field of "scientific development" of Bessarabia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries contributes to the history of science in the region between the Prut and the Dniester in the tsarist period (1812-1918). Most of the pieces were added to the museum's collections in the early 1990s as a result of purchases and donations. In the course of the work, a number of works by local authors published in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Odessa, Kiev and Bucharest were identified, which make it possible to define the priority areas of activity of Bessarabian researchers: Bessarabian Slavic studies, textbooks and didactic materials, history and archives, and so on. The most significant of these collections include the works of the "founders of Bessarabian Slavic studies" Alexander Yatsimirsky (1873-1925) and Polihronie Sârcu (1855-1905). About twenty works of scientific and historical significance, published at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, raised "the question of the Romanian language in the context of Slavic culture" and belonged to the area of Russian scientific interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the annexation of Bessarabia to the Russian Empire, which stood as the defender of Orthodoxy, the tsarist administration saw the Orthodox Church as a useful tool to speed up the Russification process. At the beginning of the 19th century, under Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni and Dimitrie Sulima, it was the Romanian language that was mainly used in officiating the divine service, the publication of religious books and in the education of the clergy. In the second half of the 19th century, a process of rapid Russification was registered, eventually leading to the emergence of neo-Protestant communities. The main purpose of the study, carried out on the basis of factual material from the Chisinau Diocesan Gazette ("Kishinevskie Eparhial'nye Vedomosti"), is to highlight the language politics pursued by the tsarist administration through the Orthodox Church on the territory of Bessarabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the first dialectometric analysis of intonational variation of standard spoken Romanian. The data analysed (26,680 sentences) were gathered within the AMPER-ROM project and the dialectometrical analysis has been carried out with ProDis. The results are consistent with the geolinguistic descriptions of Romanian varieties. ProDis identified two major areas for yes-no questions: a central-eastern one (Moldo-Walachian), with rising contours, and a central-western one (Transylvanian, discontinuously continuing over Bukovina to Bessarabia--the Republic of Moldova--), which presents also falling contours. The study suggests that intonational areas are somehow more conservative of and (relatively) independent from segmental dialectal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the Romanian language in various closed communities led to the emergence of regionalisms. These lexical units are sometimes incomprehensible by speakers from other regions of Romania. The Romanian language is a paradise for borrowing and has adapted to all situations and overcome them all. The Romanian language will always be winning. Because, in a dictionary article, in etymology, sometimes five origins are given, because we had translations from French, German, Greek texts. They all influenced and this is known from phonetics. It was the language that chose the ideal form. Usual chose a form and the Romanian language did not drown due to too many sources. But the Romanian language will win, because it is very important that today's students use the terms according to the European norm. Not around our isolated corner of the world. No language stands still, it is constantly enriched by borrowings of any kind from other languages and in turn gives to other languages. It is a continuous movement, and it is natural for that to happen. Here we can give the example of words that for a period of time are accepted in specialized dictionaries with two or even more forms, all being considered correct. The writer Nicolae Dabija said that the dialect spoken by the Bessarabians can easily enter in the Guinness Book - because the language spoken in Bessarabia has the most names in the world - the Moldavian language is called: state language, native language, language of the ancestors, language of instruction, Eminescu's language, Moldovan language, Vieru's language, only not to be called by name, and her name is one -- Romanian language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study offers a digest of Bessarabia's history after its annexation by the Russian Empire (1812) and during the 19th century, illustrated by valuable statistical data concerning especially the population and the educational system. The administrative measures adopted by the tzarist occupation authorities were accompanied by a demographic politics of colonization. On one hand, the Romanian population crossed in large numbers the Prut river, taking refuge to the Romanian Principalities; on the other hand, the tzars Alexander I and Nicholas I brought to Bessarabia foreign colonists from Switzerland (Lausanne), France, Greece, Poland. Mass colonizations of Bulgarians, Germans, Jews and Gagauzians were intended to change the demographical balance and to pave the way to Russification. In spite of their difficult political and national situation in Bessarabia, the Romanians manifested active resistance to Russification by culture, as they managed to continue editing books even if in small numbers, preserving the Romanian language in their primary and secondary schools, as well as in their churches. The passive resistance was reflected in the refuse of the Romanian population to learn and use the Russian language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to highlight the year 1966 and the Romanian literature in Basarabia. Three novels will be discussed being the result of a literature damaged by the esthetic immersion of social realism and the communist ideology. 1966 is an important point in the history of the Romanian novel from Basarabia and a momentuous stage in the development of Romanian literature in Basarabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]