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The aim of this study is to report an original case series of synchronous jawbone diseases. Data of patients seen over 13 years were extracted from the files of three Oral Radiology and Pathology diagnostic centers in Brazil. The clinical, radiographic, and laboratory characteristics were tabulated and analyzed by the authors; the patients were described according to lesion type. Seventy-two synchronous jawbone diseases were included in this study. Florid osseous dysplasia, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, and cherubism were the most frequent disorders reported in this case series. In addition, the posterior mandible area was the main site of manifestation. Florid osseous dysplasia and Gorlin-Goltz syndrome represented two-thirds of our samples. With the utilization of adequate demographic, clinical, and radiologic information, it is possible to diagnose most of the synchronous lesions of jawbones. Sometimes, however, we need complementary exams, such as histopathologic and biochemical analysis or dosing of calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The incidence of pediatric head and neck cancer (PHNC) is increasing worldwide, especially when compared with childhood cancer in general. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the demographic profile of such patients across the globe. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe demographic, topographic, and histopathological features of PHNC patients from a single Brazilian institution.Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all cancer cases diagnosed from 1986 to 2016 affecting patients aged 19 years and younger. The demographic variables (age, gender, race), topographic aspects of primary tumors, and histopathological diagnoses were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results: Three hundred and sixty-seven (5.11%) head and neck malignant tumors were found among 7181 pediatric cancers diagnosed in this period. Mean age at diagnosis was 9.35 years with male (65.67%) predominance. Patients between the age group of 10-14 years presented the higher prevalence of malignant tumors. In terms of race, 73.02% of the patients were white and 9.54% were black. The main affected anatomic site was the neck and lymph nodes (41.42%), followed by nasopharynx (22.89%) and thyroid gland (6.54%). The most common cancer type was lymphoma (52.86%), followed by carcinoma (22.89%), and sarcoma (19.07%). Burkitt lymphoma, nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma were the most common histopathological diagnoses (16.62%, 13.08%, 12.81%, and 12.81%, respectively).Conclusion: This study originally demonstrated that lymphomas may be more frequent than carcinomas and sarcomas in Brazilian PHNC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma with three variants (endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated), presenting with specific epidemiological and clinical features. Burkitt lymphoma affects the head and neck region (BLHN) in approximately 10% of cases. The aim of this study was to undertake a comparative analysis of the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) features of BLHN diagnosed in patients from Africa, Guatemala, and Brazil., Methods: Cases diagnosed as BLHN were collected from the files of six oral pathology laboratory services (Brazil, South Africa, and Guatemala) and one Brazilian pediatric oncology hospital from 1986 to 2020. Clinicopathological and IHC data, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status by in situ hybridization data for each case were reviewed and described., Results: Of the 52 cases, BLHN was predominant in pediatric patients [43 (82.69%)] and males [43 (82.69%)], with a mean age of 11.26 ± 9.68 years (range, 1-39 years). Neck and cervical lymph nodes [14 (26.92%)], and involvement of both maxilla and mandible [8 (15.38%)], were the most common anatomical sites. Clinically, tumor/swelling [40 (31.25%)], cervical lymphadenopathy [14 (10.94%)], pain [12 (9.38%)], and bone destruction [12 (9.38%)] were frequent findings. All cases showed typical morphological characteristics of BL. IHC profiles included positivity for CD20 [52 (100%)], CD10 [38 (79.17%)], Bcl6 [29 (87.88%)], and c-Myc protein [18 (81.82%)]. EBV was positive in 18 cases (62.07%). The Ki-67 index ranged from 90 to 100%., Conclusion: The clinicopathological and EBV profile of BLHN in South African, Guatemalan, and Brazilian patients is similar., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the relative frequency, demographic distribution and clinicopathological features of pediatric oral and maxillofacial cancer (POMC)., Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all cancer cases diagnosed from 1986 to 2016 affecting patients aged 19 years and younger. Demographic variables, anatomical site, and histopathological diagnoses were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics., Results: Fifty-five (0.77%) POMCs were found among 7181 pediatric malignancies. Mean age at diagnosis was 8 years and patients aged 5-9 years presented the higher prevalence of malignant tumors (40%). White male patients were more frequently affected (78.18% and 65.45%, respectively). The most common cancer type was lymphomas (52.73%) followed by sarcomas (27.27%) and carcinomas (20%). Burkitt lymphoma (32.73%), rhabdomyosarcoma (14.55%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (9.09%), and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (9.09%) were the most common histopathological diagnoses. The main affected anatomical site was the oropharynx (38.18%), followed by salivary glands (30.91%), maxillofacial bone (20%), and oral cavity (10.91%)., Conclusion: POMC has a low incidence; however, highly aggressive tumors, such as lymphomas and sarcomas, are common in this scenario. A better knowledge about the clinicopathological distribution of POMC may contribute to early diagnosis and improve survival rates., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declared no conflict of interest with respect to this research, authorship, and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)