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Objective: To assess the burden and consequences of migraine in Brazil in terms of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity and daily activities, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU). Background: Despite existing data on how migraine affects populations worldwide, there are limited data on the burden of migraine in Latin America. Methods: This cross‐sectional study used patient‐reported data from the 2018 Brazil National Health and Wellness Survey. HRQoL scores (EuroQol 5‐dimension 5‐level [EQ‐5D‐5L]; 36‐item Short Form Health Survey, version 2 [SF‐36v2]; and Short Form 6‐dimension [SF‐6D]), impairments to work productivity and daily activities (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire), and all‐cause HRU were compared between migraine respondents and matched non‐migraine controls. Results: Of the 12,000 total respondents in the survey database, 1643 self‐reported a physician diagnosis of migraine and were propensity score matched 1:1 with controls without migraine. HRQoL was lower in patients with migraine versus non‐migraine controls, with significantly lower SF‐36v2 physical (mean [± SD] 50.3 [7.5] vs. 52.0 [7.6]) and mental component (mean [± SD] 42.9 [10.2] vs. 46.0 [9.9]) summary scores and SF‐6D (mean [± SD] 0.7 [0.1] vs. 0.7 [0.1]) and EQ‐5D‐5L (mean [± SD] 0.7 [0.2] vs. 0.8 [0.2]) utility scores (all p < 0.001). Patients with migraine reported higher levels of work productivity loss (mean [± SD], 40.6% [31.4%] vs. 28.6% [30.9%], including absenteeism 12.8% [19.1%] vs. 8.4% [17.1%] and presenteeism 35.0% [28.7%] vs. 24.8% [28.0%]; all p < 0.001); activity impairment (mean [± SD] 36.0% [28.8%] vs. 25.5% [28.1%]; p < 0.001); and significantly higher HRU in the past 6 months (healthcare provider and emergency department visits [mean [± SD] 7.2 [9.5] vs. 4.5 [6.3] and 1.7 [3.8] vs. 0.9 [2.2]; both p < 0.001] and hospitalizations [mean [± SD] 0.4 [2.7] vs. 0.2 [1.1]; p = 0.002]) than controls. Conclusion: Migraine is associated with poorer HRQoL, higher all‐cause HRU, and greater activity impairment and work productivity loss versus non‐migraine controls in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]