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The article discusses a study on the drug susceptibility of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients to Leishmania infantum isolates. For the study, researchers examined the in vitro drug susceptibility phenotype of Brazilian Leishmania infantum isolates from the patients diagnosed with clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL) before starting on antileishmanial treatment. Based on the findings, they concluded that there is a need for epidemiological monitoring of Leishmania infantum antimony.

The authors discuss a report on the involvement of Crithidia-related parasites in visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Highlights include inoculation of mice with clinical isolates, the risk of linking genotyping information of cultivated strains with a patient phenotype, and direct parasite sequencing in clinical samples in future work.