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BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies point out important evidence between anxiety and dyslipdemic disorders in health workers. OBJECTIVE: Our main objective was to estimate the association between anxiety and dyslipidemia in Primary Health Care (PHC) nursing professionals in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: A confirmatory cross-sectional study involving 376 PHC nursing professionals. Data collection occurred through the application of a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, labor and lifestyle issues, and the Beck Inventory for anxiety; to evaluate the lipid profile, the HDL-c, LDL-c, and triglycerides markers were evaluated. Descriptive, bivariate analysis and Logistic Regression were performed. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of moderate/severe anxiety corresponded to 26.1% and dyslipidemia was 54.8%, with a statistically significant association between both of variables stratified by physical activity (PR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.87–3.85) and (PR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.53–2.28). CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive association between anxiety and dyslipidemia in Primary Health Care nursing professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching Impact Assessment (IA) is both important and challenging. In this context, international literature presents a set of Best Practice Principles for IA Teaching and Training. This paper proposes and applies a framework of 14 indicators to analyse the content of IA teaching. It focuses on the Brazilian Environmental Engineering Programs, and the methodological process involved examining the literature as well as content analysis. The framework application showed to be practical and objective. Results indicate that the capacity to incorporate the specifics of the IA system is a strength of IA teaching in Brazil. On the other hand, the results highlight many weaknesses, e.g. the focus on teaching only IA applied to projects (in spite of the many IA types present in IA literature and international practice), focus on impact assessment statement (instead of the whole IA process) and gaps related to study of alternatives, cumulative impacts and public participation. Suggestions to improve IA teaching in Brazil include presenting IA as a process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Constitucional is the property of Revista Historia Constitucional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work aims to identify the knowledges and achievements of the stallholders and customers who "make the fair" of the Major Prates neighborhood, in Montes Claros, the northern region of Minas Gerais. Through the observation of the relationships woven in that space, we developed an investigation about the daily practices in the Free Fair’s context, from the analysis of the arts of saying, nourishing and making ethnomathematics. We made a qualitative analysis of the gestures and voices of the subjects who "make the fair" that shows an efficient use of mathematical concepts in their daily commercial practice. We have verified that the Major Prates’ Fair has been consolidated by its vocation markedly “hortifrutigranjeira”, as well as by the possibility of familiar coexistence of the people who attend it to nourish, have fun and work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article conducts a quantitative and qualitative appraisal of the bibliography of financial articles published in 11 Brazilian scientific journals, through surveys into the question of co-authorships and other priority areas, together with an analysis of the productivity of authors. The issue of co-authorships became a dominant feature of the inquiry. The most common areas were corporate finance and investment management, and this reflects the large amount of data supplied by publicly traded companies, although it means that others were neglected. The production of literature is concentrated in the hands of a few people in the Southeast of the country and is lower than what was predicted by the bibliometric theory. A large majority of authors only published one article and only 5% published five or more. The international articles of the most prolific authors are largely found in "low impact" periodicals. The lack of innovation, either of a theoretical or methodological kind, prevents international publications from having a significant effect. The assessments of seems to stimulate the formation of partnerships, but new incentives are recommended to ensure the level of development is aligned with that of more advanced countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present a review on the range of the endemic and near-threatened Rio de Janeiro Antbird Cercomacra brasiliana, based on new field records and extensive search in literature, museums and bird sound databases. Our records extend the species' known range over 200 km westwards to the hinterlands of Minas Gerais state. Nevertheless, no records were done within federal or state reserves, and the conservation of the remaining forest fragments where the species was recorded is urgent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Malpighiales: Caryocaraceae) trees have a wide distribution in the cerrado. This plant is protected by federal laws and is left in deforested areas of the cerrado. This situation increases the damage to leaves, flowers, and fruits from chewing insects. We studied the effect of habitat complexity and plant architecture on the diversity and abundance of the Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera herbivores and their predators on trees of C. brasiliense in cerrado, pasture, and on the Campus of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. We observed 13 rare, 2 common, and 1 constant species of herbivores insects; and 3 rare, 8 common, and 1 constant species of predators on trees. Higher diversities and number of species of herbivores insects and their predators were observed in pasture than in the cerrado and on the campus of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Herbivorous insects were most abundant in pasture and least abundant on the university campus. Predators were most abundant in pasture and least abundant in the cerrado. Ants, spiders, and predatory bugs are important in the reduction of the defoliators and leaf miners insects. The percentages of defoliation and populations of defoliators and ants were higher on C. brasiliense trees with wider crowns. We found a positive correlation of soil aluminum concentration with percent defoliation and numbers of lepidopteran leaf miners. On the other hand, increased soil pH was correlated with reduction in percent defoliation and numbers of lepidopteran leaf miners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present new records of four open-habitat birds in the southern Espinhaço Range, state of Minas Gerais, also known as the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Three of these species (Micropygia schomburgkii, Veniliornis mixtus and Coryphaspiza melanotis) are inedit occurrences for the region and two are globally threatened (C. melanotis and Culicivora caudacuta), what draws attention for the preservation of native open-habitats within the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is a conceptual framework for testing the causal mechanisms of system degradation by metals in the mangrove ecosystem. The Fundão Dam collapse caused massive damage to the marine environment on the Southern Atlantic and Brazilian coast, reaching various kilometers from its origin, becoming a source of contamination. Along this Brazilian coast are vast mangrove areas with high biodiversity, different geomorphology, and distinct ecological functioning. These mangroves support fisheries' productivity in the Tropical South Atlantic, in connection with Abrolhos Reef. Brazil does not have a protocol to monitor environmental damage in this ecosystem, and we proposed to develop a way to identify the impact and quantify it. Along the estuaries, to assess the damage, the plots were demarked in three regions: the upper, middle, and lower estuary, and in both types of forest: fridge and basin. Samples of sediment and leaves were collected bi-monthly to evaluate metal concentrations, especially iron and manganese, the most abundant metals in Fundão Dam. The monitoring also evaluated the forest structure, dynamics of the crabs' population, and flora productivity. First-year monitoring identifies a high concentration of iron or manganese in the sediment above the NOAAs' recommendation in all the estuaries. The concentration of Fe and Mn in sediment varies seasonally in magnitude, concentration, and types of metals between estuaries, sectors, and forests. The behavior of biological indicators in the presence of metals (type and concentration) differed between fauna and flora species. The monitoring recognized that the tailings mining from Fundão Dam impacted all estuaries by different magnitudes and persistence. These differences are due to geomorphology diversity, climate, and oceanographic influences., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted-modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth-survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality.

Background: The quality of patient medical records is intrinsically related to patient safety, clinical decision-making, communication between health providers, and continuity of care. Additionally, its data are widely used in observational studies. However, the reliability of the information extracted from the records is a matter of concern in audit processes to ensure inter-rater agreement (IRA). Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the IRA among members of the Patient Health Record Review Board (PHRRB) in routine auditing of medical records, and the impact of periodic discussions of results with raters., Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted between July of 2015 and April of 2016 at Hospital Municipal Dr. Moysés Deutsch, a large public hospital in São Paulo. The PHRRB was composed of 12 physicians, 9 nurses, and 3 physiotherapists who audited medical records monthly, with the number of raters changing throughout the study. PHRRB meetings were held to reach a consensus on rating criteria that the members use in the auditing process. A review chart was created for raters to verify the registry of the patient's secondary diagnosis, chief complaint, history of presenting complaint, past medical history, medication history, physical exam, and diagnostic testing. The IRA was obtained every three months. The Gwet's AC1 coefficient and Proportion of Agreement (PA) were calculated to evaluate the IRA for each item over time., Results: The study included 1884 items from 239 records with an overall full agreement among raters of 71.2%. A significant IRA increase of 16.5% (OR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.03-1.32; p = 0.014) was found in the routine PHRRB auditing, with no significant differences between the PA and the Gwet's AC1, which showed a similar evolution over time. The PA decreased by 27.1% when at least one of the raters was absent from the review meeting (OR = 0.73; 95% CI = 0.53-1.00; p = 0.048)., Conclusions: Medical record quality has been associated with the quality of care and could be optimized and improved by targeted interventions. The PA and the Gwet's AC1 are suitable agreement coefficients that are feasible to be incorporated in the routine PHRRB evaluation process.

Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate-induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long-term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO 2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water-deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large-statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry-affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet-affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry-affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate-change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole-community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO 2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large-statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change., (© 2018 The Authors. Global Change Biology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Forest-savanna boundaries extend across large parts of the tropics but the variability of photosynthetic capacity in relation to soil and foliar nutrients across these transition zones is poorly understood. For this reason, we compared photosynthetic capacity (maximum rate of carboxylation of Rubisco at 25 C° (Vcmax25), leaf mass, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) per unit leaf area (LMA, Narea, Parea and Karea, respectively), in relation to respective soil nutrients from 89 species at seven sites along forest-savanna ecotones in Ghana and Brazil. Contrary to our expectations, edaphic conditions were not reflected in foliar nutrient concentrations but LMA was slightly higher in lower fertility soils. Overall, each vegetation type within the ecotones demonstrated idiosyncratic and generally weak relationships between Vcmax25 and Narea, Parea and Karea. Species varied significantly in their Vcmax25 ↔ Narea relationship due to reduced investment of total Narea in photosynthetic machinery with increasing LMA. We suggest that studied species in the forest-savanna ecotones do not maximize Vcmax25 per given total Narea due to adaptation to intermittent water availability. Our findings have implications for global modeling of Vcmax25 and forest-savanna ecotone productivity.

The legacy of pre-Columbian land use in the Amazonian rainforest is one of the most controversial topics in the social 1-10  and natural sciences 11,12 . Until now, the debate has been limited to discipline-specific studies, based purely on archaeological data 8 , modern vegetation 13 , modern ethnographic data 3 or a limited integration of archaeological and palaeoecological data 12 . The lack of integrated studies to connect past land use with modern vegetation has left questions about the legacy of pre-Columbian land use on the modern vegetation composition in the Amazon, unanswered 11 . Here, we show that persistent anthropogenic landscapes for the past 4,500 years have had an enduring legacy on the hyperdominance of edible plants in modern forests in the eastern Amazon. We found an abrupt enrichment of edible plant species in fossil lake and terrestrial records associated with pre-Columbian occupation. Our results demonstrate that, through closed-canopy forest enrichment, limited clearing for crop cultivation and low-severity fire management, long-term food security was attained despite climate and social changes. Our results suggest that, in the eastern Amazon, the subsistence basis for the development of complex societies began ~4,500 years ago with the adoption of polyculture agroforestry, combining the cultivation of multiple annual crops with the progressive enrichment of edible forest species and the exploitation of aquatic resources. This subsistence strategy intensified with the later development of Amazonian dark earths, enabling the expansion of maize cultivation to the Belterra Plateau, providing a food production system that sustained growing human populations in the eastern Amazon. Furthermore, these millennial-scale polyculture agroforestry systems have an enduring legacy on the hyperdominance of edible plants in modern forests in the eastern Amazon. Together, our data provide a long-term example of past anthropogenic land use that can inform management and conservation efforts in modern Amazonian ecosystems.

A new species of Macunahyphes Dias, Salles & Molineri (Leptohyphidae) is described based on male imagos collected in the Michelin Ecological Reserve, Igrapiúna, Bahia state, Brazil, located in a preserved area of Atlantic Forest. The male of the new species can be distinguished from all congeners by the shape of the penes, which have a pair of unusual spines, and are elongated with lateral hook-shaped projections distributed from the base to the middle region. This new species represents the first record for the genus from Bahia State.

The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is usually modulated by several stress factors, including exercise. Different responses are induced by physical training according to duration and intensity of exercise. During prolonged training, cortisol remains normal or decreased as a consequence of altered cortisol secretion, metabolism and excretion, and possibly by changes in glucocorticoid sensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of prolonged physical training on the glucocorticoid sensitivity. Eighteen cadets of the Air Force Academy, mean (SD) age: 18.7 (1.0) years, underwent an intensive 6-week preparatory training-period considered adequate by inducing significant changes on body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance. Measurement of individual's pituitary glucocorticoid sensitivity was done by an intravenous very low dose dexamethasone suppression test (20 microg/m (2)) that was performed before and after the training period. Cortisol levels were obtained at basal condition and 120 minutes after the dexamethasone infusion. Basal cortisol showed a significant decrease after prolonged training. The percent cortisol suppression after dexamethasone tended to be lower after the training period. Overall, our data suggest that prolonged physical training is able to reduce glucocorticoid sensitivity, which can have a beneficial impact in chronic stress conditions.