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Introduction and Objective: To analyze retrospectively the fluoride level in the public water supply of two cities of the south Santa Catarina and to verify whether 12-year-old schoolers, who had used public water supply had dental fluorosis. Material and methods: 97 schoolers of the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça were evaluated. Dental fluorosis was determined through Dean index. The annual averages of the fluoride concentrations in waters between the years of 2004 and 2015 were verified by reports supplied by the responsible company. Results: The averages of the fluoride concentrations in the water supply in the cities of Cocal do Sul and Morro da Fumaça, during the analyzed period, were 0.86 and 0,85 ppm of fluoride, respectively, without statistically significant difference. The smaller concentration was found in 2006, in the city of Morro da Fumaça, with 0.64 ppm of F; the greatest concentration occurred in Cocal do Sul, in 2007, with 1.1 ppm of F. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in Cocal do Sul was 24.5% and in Morro da Fumaça was 14.6%, without statistically significant differences. All 12-year-old schoolers who had dental fluorosis were classified as light according to Dean index. Conclusion: Most of the 12-year-old schoolers did not show any fluorosis degree. The cases of dental fluorosis were classified as little severity and with low esthetic impairment. It can be concluded that the fluoride levels in water supply were within the adequate and safe limits with low risk of dental fluorosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The high-viscosity consistency of glass ionomer cement ( GIC) may lead to its incorrect adaptation into the cavity and therefore to restoration failure. Aim To compare two different insertion techniques for GIC in approximal atraumatic restorative treatment ( ART) restorations and two different surface protection materials. Design Approximal caries lesion in primary molars from 208 schoolchildren was randomly assigned into four groups: G1, conventional GIC insertion protected with petroleum jelly ( PJ); G2, bilayer technique protected with PJ; G3 conventional GIC insertion protected with nano-filled particles coating for GIC ( NPC); G4, bilayer technique protected with NPC. Restorations were evaluated after 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank test were performed. Cox regression analysis ( α = 5%) was used to verify the influence of clinical factors. Results Restoration survival was 52.8%. Log-rank test indicated a better survival of the bilayer technique restorations, compared to conventional restorations ( P = 0.005), whereas the coated conventional restorations presented higher survival than the uncoated ones ( P = 0.035). Cox regression analysis showed no influence of any clinical tested variables. Conclusion The survival rate of the approximal ART restorations is positively influenced by the bilayer technique, and the application of nano-filled coating increases the longevity of the conventional approximal ART restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background Atraumatic restorative treatment ( ART) has demonstrated good longevity when used for single-surface restorations, but lower success rates are reported for occlusoproximal surfaces. Aim This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to verify the pooled success rate of occlusoproximal ART restorations in primary teeth considering the outcomes: longevity, pulp damage, or caries lesion progression. Design Literature searching was carried out on the studies reporting clinical trials indexed in Pub Med and in English language, comprising the outcomes. A meta-analysis was undertaken considering the results from reviewed studies. Results An initial search resulted in 126 articles, and three of them were finally selected. The main reasons for excluding articles were the absence of control group, as amalgam, composite resin, or compomer restorations to be compared with ART (hand excavation + high-viscous GIC). The pooled estimate (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval) for ART approach success was 1.04 (0.65-1.66). Conclusion Atraumatic restorative treatment restorations performed with high-viscous GIC present similar survival/success rates to conventional approach using composite resin or amalgam for occlusoproximal restorations in primary teeth and can be suggested as a good option for occlusoproximal cavities in primary molars. In addition, further randomized controlled clinical investigations concerning occlusoproximal restorations in primary teeth are still necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The high-viscosity consistency of glass ionomer cement (GIC) contributes to its inappropriate adaptation, while the material's premature exposure to humidity decreases its mechanical properties. This study's purposes were to: (1) investigate approximal atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) restorations' survival in primary molars using two different insertion techniques and two surface protection materials; and (2) compare the results of cities where treatments were performed.Methods: A total of 389 six- to seven-year-olds were selected from two cities in Brazil and randomly assigned into four groups: (1) ART restorations plus petroleum jelly (PJ); (2) bilayer-ART restorations plus PJ; (3) ART restorations plus nanofilled coating for GIC (NC); (4) bilayer-ART restorations plus NC. Restorations were evaluated after one, six, 12, 18, and 24 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis were performed.Results: Restorations' cumulative survival was 46.4 percent. There was a higher survival of bilayer-ART restorations (P=0.03). No difference was observed between surface protection materials (P=0.57). Restorations made in Barueri were almost 2.5-fold more likely to survive than those from Recife (P<0.001).Conclusions: The bilayer technique improves approximal ART restorations' survival in primary molars. The nanofilled coating does not influence restorations' survival rate, and the city where treatments were performed influences restoration survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]