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This decade‐long study from the INTERCONF programme addresses the data gap on ocean dynamics in the Southern Hemisphere. Focusing on the Brazil‐Malvinas Confluence (BMC), we investigated the effect of temperature differences between the warm Brazil Current (BC) and the cold Malvinas Current (MC) on water vapour in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). Our results show a clear distinction: warmer BMC waters have 32% more water vapour (2 kg·m−2 on average) compared to the MC. This highlights the direct link between ocean temperatures and atmospheric processes. Analysis of radiosonde data alongside satellite measurements showed better agreement over cooler waters with lower water vapour, leading to lower variability. This suggests less atmospheric turbulence and improved data compatibility, especially for satellite retrievals such as AIRS. Comparisons between reanalysis data (CFSR), satellite sounders (AIRS) and radiosondes (RS) showed consistent air temperature profiles, with average errors within the 10% threshold for satellite measurements. While capturing humidity variations remains a challenge, especially at high concentrations (indicated by higher mean squared error values), our study highlights the reliability of satellite data, particularly over the cold BMC region. This research highlights the importance of studying the interactions between ocean fronts and atmospheric phenomena for a complete picture of Southern Hemisphere ocean dynamics. It offers valuable insights for scientists across disciplines, providing a broad perspective on the results and their significance in different contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sustainability in Debate / Sustentabilidade em Debate is the property of University of Brasilia, Center for Sustainable Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Apart from health-care workers, military personnel belong to professions of concern in the present COVID-19 situation. To the editor, Health-care workers are supposed to be at increased risk for acquisition of COVID-19 infection. Seroprevalence among military personnel was compared with the cumulative incidence of reported cases in the region with 121,335 inhabitants [[5]], with adjustment in regional incidence for underreporting predicted by an epidemiological survey [[6]]. [Extracted from the article]

This study aimed to group some perspectives on Go Tani's epistemological activity in the context of Brazilian Physical Education (PE), establishing his contributions and reflections on Kinesiology for the structuring of undergraduate and graduate Physical Education in Brazil. This is a bibliographical and exploratory study, which prioritized Tani's production on the most varied platforms and the materials that circulated about Kinesiology in national and international literature. Finally, through the theoretical review, it was possible to identify that the PE field is a scenario full of disputes and that even with the transformations of paradigms that infer the legitimate alternatives in the scientific context, the relationships that are established between the different schools of PE thought have erupted in a process of mutual incomprehension that contributes to the circularity of perspectives and the maintenance of beliefs in the field [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermagem em Foco is the property of Conselho Federal de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study used the coupled ocean-atmosphere regional model (COAWST) to evaluate the effect of the trapped wave formed by a frontal system over the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf (SBCS) during September 2016. The oceanic model was configured for the domain of 20–40°S/40–60°W, with a horizontal resolution of 1/9°, 32 vertical levels, and forced with Global Ocean Sea Physical Analysis and Forecasting Products. The model simulations were compared to remote sensing and tide gauges data, with a correlation higher than 0.78 between the wind and sea level rise data and higher than 0.82 for the wave amplitude and phase. Our results showed the presence of a sea level anomaly propagating northward along the continental shelf at 480 km.day−1, probably associated with the presence of a coastal-trapped wave. The analyzed period consisted of the rapid formation of an extra-tropical cyclone on the model grid, intensifying the south-quadrant winds and the associated Ekman transport. The zonal acceleration and Coriolis terms were strongly associated with the wave crossing, with an amplitude greater than 2.10−5 m.s−2. The Coriolis term follows the geostrophic flow induced by the wave crest, with values greater than 4.2 m.s−2, and a correlation coefficient of 0.82 with the pressure gradient and friction terms. The trapped wave reversed the pressure gradient and the over-shelf flow with a negative geostrophic flow (average westward shelf flow). Our results reinforce the fact that these processes change the physical and chemical seawater properties over the SBCS, changing the mixing layer and fertilizing its shelf waters. • The article titled "Analysis of a Coastal-Trapped Wave Generated by the 2016 Extra-Tropical Cyclonic System in the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf with COAWST Modeling System" investigates the characteristics and behavior of a coastal-trapped wave induced by an extra-tropical cyclonic system that occurred in the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf, in 2016. • This study uses the ocean and atmosphere coupled models to simulate the wind energy in the shelf wave dynamics. • The researchers employed the COAWST modeling system to integrate a modeling approach allows for a comprehensive analysis of the interaction between the atmosphere and ocean, providing a more accurate representation of the coastal processes. • The research highlights the importance of integrated modeling systems, such as COAWST, in capturing and analyzing complex coastal processes. • The results reveal significant wave amplification and energy redistribution along the Southern Brazilian Continental Shelf (SBCS), highlighting the influence of both local bathymetry and offshore wave characteristics on the wave's behavior. • This trapped wave changes amplitude and velocity according to the shelf width and generates a barotropic gradient that enhances the zonal exchanges between the shelf and offshore areas. • In addition, it will modify the mixing and bottom layer, enabling vertical migration of organisms and nutrients. • These processes change the physical and chemical seawater properties by changing the mixing layer and fertilizing the shelf waters. • Although the relationship between wind forcing, wave, and the resulting flux is not linear, the correlation coefficient gives us a measure of wave propagation behavior on the continental shelf. • Since the southern region of Brazil is constantly affected by the crossing of frontal systems, studies capable of interpreting the changes in the SBCS dynamics have great importance for the ecological characterization and the prevention of coastal impacts associated with sea level variations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population surveillance in COVID-19 Pandemic is crucial to follow up the pace of disease and its related immunological status. Here we present a cross-sectional study done in Maricá, a seaside town close to the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Three rounds of study sampling, enrolling a total of 1134 subjects, were performed during May to August 2021. Here we show that the number of individuals carrying detectable IgG antibodies and the neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were greater in vaccinated groups compared to unvaccinated ones, highlighting the importance of vaccination to attain noticeable levels of populational immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, we found a decreased incidence of COVID-19 throughout the study, clearly correlated with the level of vaccinated individuals as well as the proportion of individuals with detectable levels of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 and NAb. The observed drop occurred even during the introduction of the Delta variant in Maricá, what suggests that the vaccination slowed down the widespread transmission of this variant. Overall, our data clearly support the use of vaccines to drop the incidence associated to SARS-CoV-2., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is frequently isolated from animal-source foods associated with human salmonellosis outbreaks. This serovar was spread to animal (mainly poultry) farms worldwide in the 1980s, and it is still detected in foods produced in many countries, including Brazil. The present study reports a retrospective genome-wide comparison of S. Enteritidis from foodborne outbreaks in Southern Brazil in the last two decades. Fifty-two S. Enteritidis isolates were obtained from foodborne outbreaks occurring in different cities of the Brazilian southernmost State, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), from 2003 to 2015. Whole-genome sequences (WGS) from these isolates were obtained and comparatively analyzed with 65 additional genomes from NCBI. Phylogenetic and Bayesian analyses were performed to study temporal evolution. Genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that all S. Enteritidis isolates from Southern Brazil clustered in the global epidemic clade disseminated worldwide originally in the 1980s. Temporal analysis demonstrated that all Brazilian isolates had a tMRCA (time to most recent common ancestor) in 1986 with an effective population size (N e ) increase soon after until 1992, then becoming constant up to now. In Southern Brazil, there was a significant decrease in the spreading of S. Enteritidis in the last decade. In addition, three antibiotic resistance genes were detected in all isolates: aac(6')-Iaa, mdfA, and tet(34). These results demonstrate the high frequency of one only specific S. Enteritidis lineage (global epidemic clade) in foodborne outbreaks from Southern Brazil in the last two decades., (© 2021. Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia.)

Purpose: To reduce false-negative rates (FNR) in sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) of clinically positive (cN+) axilla in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The removal of three or more lymph nodes with dual-tracer mapping including a radioisotope was used. However, in the Brazilian Unified Health System, the radioisotope tracer is not feasible in some hospitals. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the detection rate of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients who converted from cN+ to ycN0 after NAC using blue dye as a single-agent mapping tracer., Methods: During the period of March 2018 to September 2019, 34 patients who underwent NAC with cN+ who converted to ycN0 were enrolled in the study. The SLNB was performed using blue dye as a single-agent mapping followed by axillary lymph node dissection (ALND)., Results: The detection rate of sentinel lymph node was of 85.3%, being SLNB not possible for five patients (14.7%), due to fibrosis. The mean number of removed SLN was 2.5., Conclusions: The use of blue dye as a single-agent mapping tracer demonstrated an acceptable detection rate of 85.3%. Although the FNR was possible to be determined, the small sample size might overestimate this rate. The removal of three or more lymph nodes with single-agent mapping tracer might be indicated for breast cancer patients who converted to ycN0 after NAC in the Brazilian health public services, in which radioisotope tracer is not suitable.

Introduction: Nontyphoidal Salmonella serotypes are the main cause of human food-borne infection, including several hospitalization cases in the developing countries., Aim: To detect the main serotypes and to characterize the antibiotic resistance of human non-enteric and enteric nontyphoidal Salmonella from clinical isolates in Brazil., Methods: Salmonella serotypes were identified by microbiological and molecular methods. Susceptibility testing to antibiotics was performed by agar disk diffusion. Real-time PCRs were carried out for the detection of the genus Salmonella as well as serotypes Typhimurium and Enteritidis., Results: A total of 307 nontyphoidal Salmonella were isolated from 289 different patients in a reference laboratory (LACEN-RS) from Southern Brazil in a six-year period (2010-2015). There were 45 isolates from emerging cases and 244 from sporadic cases in hospitalized patients. Non-enteric isolates were detected in 42.6% of the patients from sources such as urine, blood and other clinical fluids. Serological and PCR-specific tests demonstrated that Typhimurium (48.4%) and Enteritidis (18.3%) were the most frequent serotypes. Typhimurium isolates were generally resistant to three or more antibiotic classes, while Enteritidis isolates to one or two classes. Typhimurium was the most frequent serotype in all samples (48.4%), mainly among the hospitalized patients (55.6%), and presented the highest rates of multidrug resistance (59.3% of the isolates of this serotype). Further, the prevalence of this serotype increased along the years of the study in comparison to other nontyphoidal Salmonella serotypes., Conclusion: Greater public health attention should be given to prevent salmonellosis in the community and in hospital settings to reduce the rates of Typhimurium strains with multidrug resistance., (Copyright © 2018 Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic autosomal dominant disease characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy. The molecular diagnosis is important but still expensive. This work aimed to find clinical predictors of a positive genetic test in a Brazilian tertiary centre cohort of index cases with HCM., Methods: In the study were included patients with HCM clinical diagnosis. For genotype x phenotype comparison we have evaluated echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, and nuclear magnetic resonance measures. All patients answered a questionnaire about familial history of HCM and/or sudden death. β-myosin heavy chain, myosin binding protein C, and troponin T genes were sequenced for genetic diagnosis., Results: The variables related to a higher probability of a positive genetic test were familial history of HCM, higher mean heart frequency, presence of NSVT and lower age. Probabilities of having a positive molecular genetic test were calculated from the final multivariate logistic regression model and were used to identify those with a higher probability of a positive molecular diagnosis., Conclusions: We developed an easy and fast screening method that takes into account only clinical data that can help to select the patients with a high probability of positive genetic results from molecular sequencing of Brazilian HCM patients.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) is the most prevalent genetic cardiac disease caused by a mutation in sarcomeres, Z-disks, or calcium-handling genes and is characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic profile of Brazilian patients with HC and correlate the genotype with the phenotype., Methods: We included 268 index patients from São Paulo city and 3 other cities in Brazil and extracted their DNA from whole blood. We amplified the coding sequencing of MYH7, MYBPC3, and TNNT2 genes and sequenced them with an automatic sequencer., Results: We identified causal mutations in 131 patients (48.8%). Seventy-eight (59.5%) were in the MYH7 gene, 50 (38.2%) in the MYBPC3 gene, and 3 (2.3%) in the TNNT2 gene. We identified 69 mutations, 24 not previously described. Patients with an identified mutation were younger at diagnosis and at current age, had a higher mean heart rate and higher nonsustained ventricular tachycardia frequency compared with those without a mutation. Patients with MYH7 gene mutations had a larger left atrium and higher frequency of atrial fibrillation than did patients with MYBPC3 gene mutations., Conclusion: The presence of a mutation in one of the genes suggests a worse prognosis. Mutations in the MYH7 gene, rather than in the MYBPC3 gene, were also related to a worse prognosis. This is the first work characterizing HC molecular epidemiology in the Brazilian population for the 3 most important genes., (© 2013.)