Search

The Empire of Brazil was born with the reinforcement of the enslavement of men and women and in the following decades it saw an increase in the number of free workers, mainly in the Court. The construction of legislation that tried to organize work, in addition to limiting the actions of enslaved people in the streets, such as municipal postures, and the organization of free workers for rights at work are the themes of this text, whose motto is the song "Canto das three races". If all workers sing a sob of pain, we will discuss the different meanings of freedom and the problems that involved some trades, in addition to the comparison between free and enslaved workers and the hierarchies between them, beyond the difference in legal status. The typographers are the privileged category in this text as they published some class newspapers, between the years 1858 and 1872, disseminating their ideas about work, low pay and comparisons with slavery. While the streets of the city were occupied by slaves, who could sing to lighten their work, the free, mainly the typographers, had a space in the newspapers for complaints against the prisons they claimed to be suffering from. The sobbing of pain at work is the common point of workers in the Empire of Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Práxis Educativa is the property of Revista Praxis Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay analyzes the issue of minority in the context of political and social formation in the beginning of the Republic in Brazil, in particular, through sources such as the scope of laws of the Codes: Penal of 1890 and Minor1927 that corroborate for the understanding of legal changes that were part of how the republican government idealized the modern society that emerged in that period of wide social, political and cultural transformations. This paradox of laws for the protection of minors, in the context of the construction of the Brazilian public and democratic environment at the turn of the nineteenth century to the twentieth, reveals a period in which elitist discourses on the poorest minor mass by the legal and authoritarian resources of laws, configured the bases of state authority over the main characteristics of man belonging to a mass society, especially popular, that is, isolation, lack of social relations and consciences and legal rights formulated for the full development of childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the knowledge of the Birth Companion's Law from the perspective of multi-gestational pregnant women under prenatal follow-up in the Basic Health Units of rural Cuité, Paraíba. Method: descriptive, exploratory study with qualitative approach. Data collection was performed between May and June 2017 through semi-structured interviews, and analyzed in the light of the literature through the Collective Subject Discourse. Results: there was a lack of knowledge about this Law, because only one of the interviewees stated that she had the experience of a companion during childbirth and emphasized that this plays a role of paramount importance. Final Considerations: the fact that most of the interviewees, who were multi-gestational pregnant women and, consequently, underwent more than one prenatal follow-up during pregnancies, not knowing the Law of Follow-up to Childbirth, points to a failure regarding their dissemination and discussion during prenatal consultations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The imbalance of the relationship between the human being and the environment has generated worldwide discussions about the future of the planet, giving rise to several global discussion forums since the 1970s. Under the coordination of the United Nations (UN), discussions on the subject have progressed and, based on the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), have given rise to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In a conjuncture with a view to the 2030s, this research aims to investigate whether the Brazilian context, especially concerning the country's legislative activity, is in line with the contemporary discourses of Sustainable Development (SD), starting with the mapping of the concept of SD in the world and Brazil, using, also, the Text Mining (TM) method of analysis. This work has an exploratory character and seeks to answer if Brazil is aligned with sustainable development, as the DS is defended in the forums of worldwide discussion, through the analysis of the Brazilian legal framework. The results presented evidences that, legally, Brazil incorporated the advances obtained in the discussion on the theme throughout the different historical moments. This can be seen from the analysis of the Brazilian legal framework, including integrating the Magna Carta as a decisive landmark, characterizing the country's legislation on the subject as one of the most complete in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Muiraquitã: Revista de Letras e Humanidades is the property of Muiraquita and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we approached a study about the legal contexts of the Brazilian Constitution which we find the notion of family and family planning, as well as the laws regarding family planning that were promulgated after the 1988 Constitution. Guided through the Foucault's perspective we questioning how the rationalities that underlie such legislation may produce effects in the organization and management of the population nowadays. We selected the material analyzed through systematic research in the Brazilian Constitution and in the Portal of Legislation of the Presidency of Brazil. The results obtained indicate that the idea of family and family planning compose legal tools which constitute elements of retrenchment and disciplining of subjects by regulations that they establish. Thus, the jurisdictions operate as strategies to the Brazilian government that include goals that put the employment as the base of everything, and from this, directs people through the policies that produce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to analyze the Brazilian policies about teacher's vocal health, from the perspective of health promotion. Methods: 61 documents published between 1998 to 2010 were collected and organized according to the categories: terminology, aim, predicted strategies and support to the teacher. The data received a qualitative and quantitative treatment. Results: the terminology used in the documents was program (88,52%), campaign (6,55%) and vocal health policies (4,91%); as for the aims, the most cited was prevention of dysphonia in teachers (83,60%); the privileged strategy to approach the teacher's voice consisted of an annual theoretical-practical course (80,32%)and the teacher's predicted support was the access to speech-pathology therapy and to a physician case of dysphonia (65,57%). Majority of the documents did not indicated any support available to the teachers' vocal health and limited to the treatment of dysphonia, revealing that the teachers' vocal health is not taken as an object of concern of the State. Conclusion: despite their relevance the analyzed documents present a very incipient and superficial content, especially in terms of promoting vocal teachers' care and health. Mostly, except for the occasional vocal health recommendation concerning the rehabilitation of voice disorders, there is no foundation on a comprehensive teachers' vocal health policy. Speech therapists and related professional entities should play an effective role in the elaboration of documents to assist policy makers in the promotion of teachers' health in an objective and extensive way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out with eight psychologists and social workers who work in institutional shelters in a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, with the purpose of understanding their views regarding the shelter, since the implementation of the New Adoption Law. The method applied was the semi directed interview with open questions and the results were analyzed by content analysis. Results evidence that institutional shelter is understood by the professionals as a midst of failure and overcoming, highlighting the movement of transformation of past practices referred to the orphanages, encouraged by the new National Adoption Law. Final considerations emphasize important changes in the scenery of institutionalization of children and adolescents in such context, and at the same time evidence the presence of practices and models historically built. Recognizing the presence of such practices is a path to overcome them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]