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The article presents the correspondence of philologist Arturo Costa Álvarez and its importance in the process of legitimization and professionalization of his philological work. The archive, preserved in the Public Library of the National University of La Plata, reveals the intellectual networks and strategies used by Costa Álvarez in the debate about the national language in the 1920s in Buenos Aires. The article also mentions the institutional change of the library and the interest in preserving Costa Álvarez's books. Additionally, it highlights the importance of studying the correspondence of linguists and philologists for linguistic historiography. Arturo Costa Álvarez's correspondence consists of 10 boxes and approximately 800-850 letters, with senders ranging from 1899 to 1929 and cities such as Buenos Aires, Madrid, Berlin, and Santiago de Chile. The article analyzes the correspondence of Arturo Costa Álvarez, a prominent Argentine intellectual of the 20th century. It also mentions important reviews of his book "Nuestra lengua" by Ernesto Quesada, Selva, and Monner Sans. The text presents a series of letter exchanges between Arturo Costa Álvarez and various recipients, including Menéndez Pidal, Castro, Navarro T., Suárez Calimano, and Vega Belgrano. It also mentions the dispute over the monopoly of linguistic authority between local and foreign agents, as well as criticisms of the Menéndez Pidal school. The text refers to a series of letters written in 1926 by Arturo Costa Álvarez, in which a controversy related to the dialogue that Darnet wanted to establish in a magazine is discussed. Costa Álvarez decides to publish Darnet's response without knowing Korn's opinion, but adds an editorial note that minimizes the importance of the interlocutor. The article discusses Amado Alonso's responses to Costa Álvarez's public attacks in the magazine Síntesis in 1929. Alonso published an article titled "About the late Costa Álvarez" that coincided with Costa Álvarez's sudden death, which generated criticism towards Alonso. The article proposes a journey through Costa Álvarez's correspondence to analyze his process of legitimization and professionalization in the field of philology in Buenos Aires in the 1920s. The text provides a list of bibliographic references related to the topic of philology and linguistics in Argentina. [Extracted from the article]