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Basins along the Scotian Margin formed as part of North Atlantic opening, with Middle Triassic rifting leading to eventual Early-Middle Jurassic breakup. In the overlying passive margin succession, the Lower Cretaceous section is dominated by siliciclastic deposits reported from a variety of marine, shallow marine, and fluvial settings. In concert with ongoing palynological analyses, the present study contributes to the development of an event stratigraphic scheme by focussing on paleoenvironmental interpretations. Ichnological and sedimentological analyses were used to build a preliminary facies model, with an initial focus on the Upper Member of the Missisauga Formation conventional cores from Panuke B-90 and Cohasset A-52. Depositional conditions began as wave-influenced normal marine, with a distal Skolithos Ichnofacies. Restricted bay and possible deltaic deposits followed, with wave-influence decreasing up section and the ichnofossil assemblage gradually replaced by an impoverished archetypal expression of the Cruziana Ichnofacies. Overlying sandstone bodies are interpreted as tidally influenced estuarine channels based on the presence of herringbone cross-stratification, cyclical bedding, wood with Teredolites borings, and rare elements of a highly impoverished Skolithos Ichnofacies; however, barrier shoreface and tidal flats are present, suggesting a mixed wave- and tide-influenced estuary. Outer estuary conditions followed, with barrier shoreface, tidal flat and central bay deposits. Impoverished Cruziana Ichnofacies dominate, with elements of the Skolithos Ichnofacies locally present. The top of the Missisauga Formation shows indication of more normal marine conditions, with intermittent marine macrofauna and limited ichnological suites implying some degree of dysoxia. Storm influence is evident near the transition into the overlying Naskapi Member of the Logan Canyon Formation based on the presence of possible hummocky cross-stratification, a weakly stressed Cruziana Ichnofacies and more diverse marine macrofauna. Future work will entail detailed facies analysis and comparison with palynofacies to build a comprehensive paleoenvironmental model and a refined sequence stratigraphic framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we build on a foundation of previous biostratigraphic studies for the Scotian Basin, offshore eastern Canada, by conducting new quantitative multidisciplinary biostratigraphic studies of the Mesozoic sections in eight wells: Bonnet P-23, Chebucto K-90, Cohasset L-97, Glenelg J-48, Glooscap C-63, Mohican I-100, South Desbarres O-76, and South Griffin J-13. These wells were chosen to provide good spatial coverage, stratigraphic penetration, and correlation with the seismic grid. We have also evaluated pre-existing biostratigraphic data and undertaken the well-log sequence-stratigraphic interpretation of Upper Triassic to Cenozoic sediments in 16 additional wells using a consistent multidisciplinary event scheme derived from the new wells. Key to the dating of some horizons has been integration of the palynology and micropaleontology (disciplines mostly used previously on the Scotian Margin) with new nannofossil data. Simultaneously we have closely integrated the biostratigraphic results with lithofacies, well-log, and seismic interpretations. Using this integrated approach, we have identified nine regionally mappable sequence-stratigraphic events (unconformities and maximum flooding surfaces, or MFSs): the Intra-Oligocene Unconformity; the Ypresian Unconformity; the Turonian/Cenomanian Unconformity; the Late Albian Unconformity; the Aptian/Barremian Unconformity; the Intra-Hauterivian MFS; the Near-Base Cretaceous Unconformity; the Tithonian MFS; and the Top-Callovian MFS. Additional events of local extent were also recognized in some wells. Our study has led to significant revision of some previous lithostratigraphic picks. The Early Jurassic on the Scotian Margin remains poorly resolved and may be represented by an unconformity on much of the basin periphery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Nova Scotia has potential undiscovered hydrocarbon reservoirs in the deep-water region of the Scotian Margin. Deep-water environments can involve major challenges with high exploration risk because the presence, quality, size, and distribution of source and reservoir rocks are still relatively unknown in many areas. New data are therefore needed to de-risk offshore exploration for the next generation of discoveries. This research project investigates the shallow (0 to 3 km) Cenozoic section of BP's Tangier 3D Seismic Survey, located on the central Scotian Slope. The Tangier 3D Area is one of the most geologically complex regions of the Scotian Slope encompassing two salt structural regions: the western diapiric and eastern canopy complex subprovinces. Seismic interpretation and attribute analysis of the Cenozoic suggests that the region hosts a complex subsurface geology comprising of modern-day and paleo-channels and canyons, sediment drifts, slope failure complexes, and slope drapes. Salt-related structural features, which some occur deeper than 3 km, include welds, wings, feeders, pedestals, rollers, withdrawal minibasins, rafted overburden, and growth and crestal faults. Also observed within the Tangier 3D Area are three amplitude anomalies, which two are situated above diapirs and one above a salt canopy, interpreted to be direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs). The shallow-level DHIs strongly indicate the presence of migrating fluids. The architectural investigation of these DHIs provides evidence of a working petroleum system governed by salt mobility, which provides migration pathways for deeply sourced fluids. However, further study is needed to determine if the fluids filling these DHIs are thermogenic hydrocarbons escaped from deeper Jurassic or Cretaceous sources and breached reservoirs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biostratigraphic studies of Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata along the Scotian Margin began in the early 1970s, focussing on zonation schemes for separate disciplines. Subsequent works, however, have evolved into an event stratigraphic approach, combining palynologic with micropaleontologic and nannofossil events, as well as seismic horizons. Extensive taxonomic treatment of Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic palynomorphs from the Scotian Margin were also undertaken but did not encompass the Triassic to Early Cretaceous interval. Thus, we aim to develop a detailed taxonomic review and a comprehensive event-stratigraphic scheme for this earlier interval based on palynology, integrated with paleoenvironmental and sequence stratigraphic interpretations. Our initial focus is on conventional cores in Panuke B-90 and Cohasset A-52 to develop a composite Lower Cretaceous succession, supported by analyses of cuttings from deeper wells that penetrate pre-Cretaceous strata (e.g., Argo F-38) to provide a broader context. The sedimentary facies, trace fossils and initial palynologic data of the Panuke B-90 cores indicate, at the base, a transition from a shoaling marine to a mainly estuarine setting, followed by a transgressive cycle through the Upper Member of the Missisauga Formation that culminates in normal marine environments again near the base of the overlying Naskapi Member of the Logan Canyon Formation. It is apparent that this transgression is not continuous but intercalated with smaller cycles, well documented by the fluctuations of terrestrial (pollen and spores) versus marine (mainly dinoflagellate cysts) palynomorph dominance across this interval. The assemblages from the Upper Member of the Mississauga Formation are typical of the Early Cretaceous, probably Barremian. An Aptian age is expected for the overlying Naskapi Member based on previous studies that reported the presence of the age-diagnostic ammonite Deshayesites sp. Ongoing work on the Panuke B-90 conventional cores and coeval successions will contribute to a comprehensive event-stratigraphic framework for the Scotian Margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing numbers of persons living with dementia and their higher rates of hospitalizations, it is necessary to ensure they receive appropriate and effective acute care; yet, acute care environments are often harmful for persons with dementia. There is a lack of dementia education for acute health care providers in Canada. Scotland presently delivers a dementia education program for health care providers, known as the Scottish National Dementia Champions Programme. The objective of this Policy and Practice Note is to present the collaborative work of Scottish experts and Canadian stakeholders to adapt the Dementia Champions Programme for use in Canada. This work to date includes: (a) an environmental scan of Canadian dementia education for acute health care providers; (b) key informant interviews; and, (c) findings from a two-day planning meeting. The results of this collaborative work can and are being used to inform the next steps to develop and pilot a Canadian dementia education program.

Background: Little evidence has been generated for how best to manage patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) presenting with rarer clinical scenarios, including oligometastases, oligoprogression, and pseudoprogression. In each of those scenarios, oncologists have to consider how best to balance efficacy with quality of life, while maximizing the duration of each line of therapy and ensuring that patients are still eligible for later options, including clinical trial enrolment., Methods: An expert panel was convened to define the clinical questions. Using case-based presentations, consensus practice recommendations for each clinical scenario were generated through focused, evidence-based discussions., Results: Treatment strategies and best-practice or consensus recommendations are presented, with areas of consensus and areas of uncertainty identified., Conclusions: In each situation, treatment has to be tailored to suit the individual patient, but with the intent of extending and maximizing the use of each line of treatment, while keeping treatment options in reserve for later lines of therapy. Patient participation in clinical trials examining these issues should be encouraged., Competing Interests: CONFLICT OF INTEREST DISCLOSURES We have read and understood Current Oncology’s policy on disclosing conflicts of interest, and we declare the following interests: SAL has received honoraria from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novartis; SB has served on advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and Roche, and has received research funding from AstraZeneca and Merck; NB has served on advisory boards for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Merck, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, and Roche; SB has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Eisai, and Merck; PKC has served as an advisor for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Hoffmann–La Roche, Pfizer, Novartis, Takeda, Eli Lilly, and Bristol–Myers Squibb, and has received research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim and Hoffmann–La Roche; PC has received grants for investigator-initiated research projects from AbbVie, Pfizer, and Sanofi–Aventis; DH has served on advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol–Myers Squibb, and Merck, and has received honoraria from Pfizer; VH has participated on advisory boards for AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer, and Roche; RJ has served as an advisor or consultant for AstraZeneca/MedImmune, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer/emd Serono, and Roche, has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer/emd Serono, and Roche, and has received research funding from AstraZeneca, Bristol–Myers Squibb, and Merck; JL has received honoraria for talks from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, and Roche, and her institution has received grant funding for research trials from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and Roche; in the last 2 years, NL has received honoraria for independent unrelated continuing medical education from AstraZeneca, Bristol–Myers Squibb, and Merck; DR has received honoraria and support from Accuray, BrainLab, Elekta, Pfizer/emd Serono, Siemens Healthineers, and Varian Medical Systems; JR has received speaker and advisory board fees and institutional research support for clinical trials funded by Astra-Zeneca, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer, and Roche; DJS has received honoraria (2015–2018) from Roche Canada, Boehringer Ingelheim Canada, Novartis Canada, Merck Canada, AstraZeneca Canada, Bristol–Myers Squibb Canada, Exactis Innovation, and Pfizer Canada, and has received institutional research support from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Bristol– Myers Squibb, and Celgene; MST has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Merck, and Roche/Ventana, and a research grant from Merck. The remaining authors have no conflicts to disclose.

We offer a critique of Canada's approach to domestic food security with respect to international agreements, justiciability and case law, the breakdown of the public safety net, the institutionalisation of charitable approaches to food insecurity, and the need for 'joined-up' food and nutrition policies. We examined Canada's commitments to the right to food, as well as Canadian policies, case law and social trends, in order to assess Canada's performance with respect to the human right to food. We found that while Canada has been a leader in signing international human rights agreements, including those relating to the right to food, domestic action has lagged and food insecurity increased. We provide recommendations for policy changes that could deal with complex issues of state accountability, social safety nets and vulnerable populations, and joined-up policy frameworks that could help realise the right to adequate food in Canada and other developed nations.