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The present study aims to report the currently available epidemiology of focal onset seizures in children aged >1 month to 4 years with the help of a literature review. The terms 'seizure*' OR 'epilepsy' combined with pediatric and epidemiology terms were used to search Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to November 16, 2021. Due to the scarcity of epidemiology data on focal onset seizures, the incidence and prevalence were estimated using the proportion of focal onset seizures in epilepsy patients from the most recently published articles. The estimated annual incidence per 100,000 children of focal onset seizures in children of 0-4 years of age ranged from 25.1 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 18.9-32.7) in the United Kingdom to 111.8 in the United States. The estimated period prevalence of focal onset seizures in children 0-4 years of age ranged from 0.15 % (99 % CI 0.13-0.18) in Canada to 0.61 % in the United States. Neurodevelopmental outcomes and psychiatric disorders were the most commonly reported comorbidities in children with epilepsy of age 0-4 years. Presence of focal onset seizures in children with different epilepsy syndromes needs to be thoroughly considered in the treatment planning of this population of interest., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. RR is employee of UCB Pharma. MK is an employee of Barrington James Ltd on behalf of UCB Pharma. NF is a former employee of UCB Pharma and current employee of Ferring SAS. LJ is a former employee of UCB Pharma. SSB reports personal fees and grants from Biocodex, Desitin Arzneimittel, Eisai, Jazz (GW) Pharmaceuticals, Marinus Pharma, Takeda, UCB Pharma, and Zogenix. AS reports personal fees and grants from Angelini Pharma/Arvelle Therapeutics, Biocodex, Desitin Arzneimittel, Eisai, Jazz (GW) Pharmaceuticals, Marinus Pharma, Takeda, UCB Pharma, UNEEG Medical, and Zogenix., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)