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[Display omitted] • A mitochondria-targeting fluorescence probe NIR1 for H 2 S visualization. • NIR1 has excellent detection limits as low as 30.2 nM. • NIR1 was successfully applied for H 2 S imaging analysis in living inflammatory mice. The mechanism of the interaction between the signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and mitochondria and its related diseases is difficult to elusive. Thus it is urgent to develop effective methods and tools to visualize H 2 S in mitochondria and in vivo. In this work, a robust mitochondrial-targeting NIR fluorescence "turn-on" fluorescent probe, NIR1, was reported, by adopting a Changsha-OH near-infrared (NIR) dye as the NIR fluorophore, a 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNB) moiety as both the responsive site of the H 2 S and the fluorescence quenching group of the NIR fluorophore, and an oxygen onium ion site as the mitochondria-targeting group, for the detection and analysis of H 2 S in living Raw 264.7 cells and drug-induced inflammatory mice models. NIR1 exhibited a much smaller background fluorescence signal in lack of H 2 S, whereas strong enhanced NIR fluorescence "turn-on" was detected in the presence of H 2 S, these results showed a low detection limit (30.2 nM) for quantitative detection of H 2 S in aqueous solutions with concentrations ranging from 0 to 1 μM H 2 S. These characteristics were beneficial to direct detection and imaging analysis of H 2 S in complicated biosystems. Therefore, first, NIR1 was applied for the NIR detection of mitochondrial H 2 S in living inflammatory cells with satisfactory results. Finally, NIR1 was applied to detect H 2 S in drug-induced inflammatory mice models with agreeable results, demonstrating that NIR1 as a molecular tool has an excellent practical application in the study of the interaction between inflammatory and H 2 S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a near-infrared Changsha dye (CS)-based fluorescent probe CS-Se for nitric oxide (NO) detection was designed and synthesized. The reaction between CS-Se and NO generated a highly selective and sensitive optical response that resulted in a fluorescence "turn-on" effect with a detection limit of as low as 28 nM. Saliva samples from 10 healthy individuals and patients with oral diseases were collected. The results showed that the level of NO concentration was positively correlated with the oral diseases. Cell experiments also showed that the probe had low toxicity and was able to monitor endogenous NO. This study presents the first fluorescent probe that can be used to measure the concentration of NO in oral diseases. This probe is a promising tool for monitoring and evaluating the progression of oral diseases. • A near-infrared Changsha dye-based fluorescent probe CS-S was developed to detect endogenous nitric oxide. • The probe had high selectivity and sensitivity to NO (LOD = 28 nM) and a fast response time (5 min). • This study presents the first fluorescent probe that can be used to measure the concentration of NO in oral diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]