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Preschool teachers can become attachment figures that complement the children's families of origin, becoming relevant actors in their early development. This article presents the results of a group video feedback program on early childhood teachers in public centers. The model, which focuses on promoting "educational sensitivity", comprises 5 group sessions. A pre-post evaluation of 157 participants was conducted by coding dyad and group interaction videos. After the intervention, a significant increase relative to the baseline was found in measures of dyad (d = 0.67) and group sensitivity (d = 0.13), among other positive outcomes. Likewise, a significant association was found between variables of dyadic sensitivity and group sensitivity, concurrently and prospectively. The promising results obtained support the viability of the model in early education. Future studies should include a control group and randomization measures to strengthen these conclusions and incorporate a follow-up component to evaluate the program's long-term impact on educators.

The 2010, (Mw 8.8) Maule, Chile, earthquake produced large co-seismic displacements and non-secular, post-seismic deformation, within latitudes 28 $$^{\circ }$$ S-40 $$^{\circ }$$ S extending from the Pacific to the Atlantic oceans. Although these effects are easily resolvable by fitting geodetic extended trajectory models (ETM) to continuous GPS (CGPS) time series, the co- and post-seismic deformation cannot be determined at locations without CGPS (e.g., on passive geodetic benchmarks). To estimate the trajectories of passive geodetic benchmarks, we used CGPS time series to fit an ETM that includes the secular South American plate motion and plate boundary deformation, the co-seismic discontinuity, and the non-secular, logarithmic post-seismic transient produced by the earthquake in the Posiciones Geodésicas Argentinas 2007 (POSGAR07) reference frame (RF). We then used least squares collocation (LSC) to model both the background secular inter-seismic and the non-secular post-seismic components of the ETM at the locations without CGPS. We tested the LSC modeled trajectories using campaign and CGPS data that was not used to generate the model and found standard deviations (95 % confidence level) for position estimates for the north and east components of 3.8 and 5.5 mm, respectively, indicating that the model predicts the post-seismic deformation field very well. Finally, we added the co-seismic displacement field, estimated using an elastic finite element model. The final, trajectory model allows accessing the POSGAR07 RF using post-Maule earthquake coordinates within 5 cm for $$\sim $$ 91 % of the passive test benchmarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategies to reduce the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused different behavioural modifications in all populations. Therefore, this study aimed to determine changes in active commuting, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), physical fitness, and sedentary time during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chilean parents. Eighty-six fathers (41.30 ± 6.82 years) and 294 mothers (40.68 ± 6.92 years) of children from different schools from Valparaíso, Chile, participated. Inclusion criteria were adults with schoolchildren who were resident in Chile during the research period. Convenience sampling was used as a non-probabilistic sampling technique. Respondents completed a self-reported online survey about active commuting, MVPA, self-perceived physical fitness, and sedentary time July-September 2020 during the first pandemic period. Comparisons between before and during the pandemic were performed using t-tests and covariance analysis (ANCOVA), establishing a significance level at p < 0.05. Most participants stayed at home during the pandemic, whereas active and passive commuting significantly decreased in both fathers and mothers ( p < 0.001). MVPA and physical fitness scores reduced considerably ( p < 0.05), while sedentary time significantly increased ( p < 0.05), independent of the sex of parents and children's school type. Differences by age groups and the number of children were more heterogeneous, as younger parents showed a larger decrease in MVPA ( p < 0.05) and physical fitness score ( p < 0.05). Additionally, parents with one child showed a larger decrease in sedentary time ( p < 0.05) than those with two or more children. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected healthy behaviours. Hence, health policies should promote more strategies to mitigate the long-term health effects of the pandemic on Chilean parents.

Aim: To examine the association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and metabolic control, in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM)., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals (Santiago, Chile) with 101 type 1 (mean 34.4±12.3 years) and 100 type 2 DM (mean 57.8±5.2 years) adults. Glycated hemoglobin level (A1C) was obtained, and LTPA levels were estimated through the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models were fitted evaluating the independent effect of LTPA, sociodemographic, cardiovascular risk factors and other types of physical activity (PA) on metabolic control., Results: DM participants which reported no LTPA had higher levels of A1C (type 1 mean A1C: 8.8±1.5% and type 2 mean A1C: 9.2±1.4%) compared to those who fulfilled PA recommendations of ≥150min/week (type 1 mean A1C: 8.0±1.6% and type 2 mean A1C: 8.1±1.4%). Regression analysis showed that A1C levels were negatively associated with ≥150min/week on LTPA in type 1 (b=-0.25; 95%CI -0.16 to -0.01) and type 2 DM (b=-0.24; 95%CI -0.29 to -0.02) participants., Conclusion: Leisure time physical activity may be considered as an efficient and inexpensive non-pharmacological tool for DM treatment. Hence, healthcare professionals should educate and promote PA since primary-care diagnosis in addition to prevent disease-related complications., (Copyright © 2019 Primary Care Diabetes Europe. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: There is limited evidence on potential health benefits of active travel, independently of leisure-time physical activity (PA), with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Latin-America., Objective: To investigate the relationship between active travel and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a national representative sample of Chilean adults., Methods: Cross-sectional study of 2864 randomly selected adults' participants enrolled in the 2009-2010 Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS). Self-reported PA was obtained with the validated Global PA Questionnaire and classifying participants into insufficiently active (<150min/week) or active (≥150min/week). MetS was diagnosed from the modified Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria with national-specific abdominal obesity cut points. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate associations of travel PA with MetS and its components at a regional level, adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics and other types of PA., Results: 46.2% of the sample engaged in 150min/week of active travel and the prevalence of MetS was 33.7%. Mets was significantly lower among active travel participants. Active travel was associated with lower odds of MetS (OR 0.72; 95%CI 0.61-0.86), triglycerides (OR 0.77; 95%CI 0.64-0.92) and abdominal obesity (OR 0.82; 95%CI 0.69-0.97) after controlling for socio-demographics and other types of PA., Conclusion: Active travel was negatively associated with MetS, triglycerides and abdominal obesity. Efforts to increase regional active travel should be addressed as a measure to prevent and reduce the prevalence of MetS and disease burden in middle income countries., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)