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One slightly beige-white pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain I-STPP5b T , was isolated from the trachea of a Gentoo penguin chick individual ( Pygoscelin papua ) investigated in Fildes Bay, Chilean Antarctic (62° 12' S, 58° 57' W). I-STPP5b T consists of a 3.4 Mb chromosome with a DNA G+C content of 44.4 mol%. Of the 3056 predicted genes, 1206 were annotated as hypothetical proteins and 51 were tRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate shared a 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to the type strains of Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus (98.8 %), Psychrobacter arenosus and Psychrobacter pasteurii (both 98.3 %), Psychrobacter piechaudii (98.2 %) and Psychrobacter sanguinis (98.1 %), but 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all other Psychrobacter species were ≤98.0 %. Partial gyrB nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities among strain STPP5b T and the next related type strains were all below 81.8 and 92.9%, respectively. DNA-DNA hybridisation (DDH) with P. phenylpyruvicus LMG 5372 T , P. arenosus DSM 15389 T and P. sanguinis DSM 23635 T also showed low values (all below 30 %). The main cellular fatty acids of the strain were C 18 : 1 ω9c and C 16 : 1 ω7c and/or C 16 : 1 ω6c. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phenotypic analyses we propose a new species of the genus Psychrobacter, with the name Psychrobacter pygoscelis sp. nov. and strain I-STPP5b T (=CIP 111410 T = CCM 8799 T =LMG 30301 T ) as type strain.

A pink pigmented, Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (strain 36B243 T ), was isolated from the spleen of a black rock cod (Notothenia coriiceps, Richardson 1844) in the Chilean Antarctica. Strain 36B243 T has a 5.26 Mb chromosome with a DNA G + C content of 35.4 mol%. The draft genome includes the prediction and annotation of 4585 coding genes, and 46 tRNA, 1 tmRNA, and 2735 hypothetical proteins. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed strain 36B243 T into the genus Pedobacter with high sequence similarity to the type strains of Pedobacter sandarakinus (97.5%) and Pedobacter petrophilus (97.1%). Sequence similarities to type strains of all other current Pedobacter species were below 97.1%. Predominant fatty acids are summed feature 3 (C 16:1 ω7c and/or C 16:1 ω6c) and iso-C 15:0 followed by iso-C 17:0 3-OH and C 16:0 . The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-7. The polar lipid profile contained the major lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, five unidentified aminolipids, two lipids lacking a functional group and two minor glycolipids and one lipid lacking a functional group. An alkali-stable lipid was present. The polyamine pattern contained the predominant compound sym-homospermidine. Characterization by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, physiological parameters, pigment analysis, ubiquinone, polar lipid, and fatty acid composition revealed that strain 36B243 T represents a new species of the genus Pedobacter. For this reason, we propose the name Pedobacter nototheniae sp. nov. with the type strain 36B243 T (= LMG 30634 T  = CCM 8855 T  = CIP 111622 T ).

An orange-pigmented, oxidase-positive bacterial strain (I-41R45 T ), isolated from the kidney of a black rock cod fish sampled in the Chilean Antarctic was studied in a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Cells of the isolate were coccoid and stained Gram-negative. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain I-41R45 T with sequences of type strains of most closely related Paracoccus species showed highest sequence similarities to Paracoccus hibiscisoli (98.4 %), Paracoccus marcusii (98.3 %), Paracoccus haeundaensis and Paracoccus carotinifaciens (both 98.2 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all other Paracoccus species were below 97 %. The draft genome of strain I-41R45 T had a size of 4.59 Mb with a DNA G+C content of 65.26 mol% and included the prediction and annotation of 4426 coding genes, 1973 protein-coding genes and 46 tRNAs. The fatty acid profile of strain I-41R45 T consisted mainly of the major fatty acids C 18 : 1 ω 7 c/ω 9t /ω 12t and C 18:0 , typical of the genus Paracoccus . DNA-DNA hybridizations between I-41R45 T and type strains of P. hibiscisoli, P. marcusii and P. haeundaensis resulted in similarity values of 45 % (reciprocal 26 %), 66 % (reciprocal 61 %), and 29 % (reciprocal 36 %), respectively. DNA-DNA hybridization results, together with the differentiating biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties, showed that strain I-41R45 T represents a novel Paracoccus species, for which the name Paracoccus nototheniae sp. nov. (type strain I-41R45 T =CCM 8875 T =CIP 111632 T ), is proposed.