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Objective: Telemedicine arises as an attractive intervention for reducing the waiting time for appointments with medical specialists in Chile. Successful implementation of this technology requires safeguarding the patient/clinician trust relationship; however, no studies have been conducted to evaluate quality perception of a telemedicine program in Chile. To assess patient satisfaction with the Teleneurology program at the Hospital Higueras Talcahuano (HHT), addressing patient/clinician trust relationship. Results: A perception survey was constructed with 23 questions, distributed into 5 key areas (items) of user satisfaction. Its face validity was performed by five neurology specialists from the Teleneurology unit of HHT. The survey was applied to 167 patients of the HHT, recruited between 2018 and 2019, for conducting a pilot cross-sectional descriptive study to assess internal consistency (Cronbach alpha) and reliability (factorial analysis of main components). The survey showed an internal consistency of 0.88. Removing any of the items maintained its reliability in values over 0.8. All items showed point biserial correlations greater than 0.30. Overall, the survey constructed and evaluated in this study showed high internal consistency and reliability values, which will allow its application in further studies of quality assessment of the Teleneurology unit of HHT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Demonstrate the advantages of using ordinal alpha when the assumptions for Cronbach's alpha are not met; show the usefulness of ordinal alpha with the Chilean version of the WHO Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); and provide the commands in R programming language for performing the respective calculations. Methods. Cronbach's alpha and ordinal alpha were compared in an AUDIT questionnaire administered to 419 students at a Chilean university. Results. In all domains, the result using ordinal alpha was greater than with Cronbach's alpha. This finding was consistent with the literature on the subject. When ordinal alpha was chosen, the reliability of each domain and the survey as a whole was accepted, which does not always happen with Cronbach's alpha. Conclusions. In making decisions about the reliability of a dimension, consideration should be given to an index that meets the required assumptions for using it in order to avoid erroneous conclusions that can have an appreciable effect on research. The values of Cronbach's alpha underestimate the reliability of an instrument when working with ordinal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) is used in the curricular development of future health professionals worldwide, but often without first locally testing its psychometric qualities, for example, construct validity and internal consistency. These characteristics are modified by different environments, but must be locally appropriate to obtain unequivocal and reliable conclusions about the strong and weak areas of a curriculum. Here, we report the results of the psychometric testing of DREEM results in our institution in Chile. Methods: All 1st–5th-year undergraduate medical students were asked to respond the DREEM questionnaire. The construct validity of the results was assessed by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and their internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's α. The Institutional Review Board approved the study, and each student signed an informed consent. Results: A total of 304 (88%) eligible students, aged 22 ± 2 years, 46% of females, answered the questionnaire. The EFA determined four instead of the original DREEM's five subareas with clearly different item contents. The inner consistencies of the locally defined subareas of teaching, learning, teachers and organizational aspects, and self-perception surpassed the originals with Cronbach's α values of 0.79, 0.78, 0.77, and 0.82, respectively. Discussion: The optimal psychometric structure to accurately interpret our DREEM results differed from both the original and previous similar studies, including one from Chile. There are several potential explanations for these differences, but most importantly, they underline the need to first define the psychometric characteristics of the test results, to obtain accurate conclusions about the strengths and the weaknesses of a curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Humanization of care is a relevant theme to address due to its impact on the health of individuals; this requires having reliable and valid instruments that permit its evaluation. Objective: Adapt and validate the Colombian version of the questionnaire on Perception of Humanized-Care Behaviors in Nursing (PHCBN) for use in a Chilean population. Materials and Methods: Validation study consisting in the expert evaluation and transcultural adaptation of the PHCBN through an intra-lingual approach and internal consistency analysis and construct validity of the Chilean version of the instrument. Results: Terms and verb tenses were modified with 100% comprehension by those surveyed; this permitted generating an instrument suited to the language and comprehension of the Spanish used in Chile. The study obtained a high Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92, along with a construct validity through convergence with a high positive r correlation of 0.73 with the Humanized-Care Perception Scale. Discussion: Herein, we visualize the importance of the linguistic sociocultural adaptation of instruments in different cultures and, thus, avoid bias derived from language. The reliability and construct validity of the instrument is similar to that found in Colombia, which demonstrates adequate properties and its good function within a distinct cultural context. Conclusions: This instrument constitutes a contribution to the humanization of nursing care, given that it is a valid and appropriate scale for use in the Chilean population context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The psycho-emotional assessment is of utmost importance for evaluation of patients with tinnitus. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), is the most known and validated test for this purpose. Objectives: We propose a linguistic validation of the THI, in order to obtain reliable answers in our country. Materials and Methods: We performed a translation of the original English questionnaire and assessed its feasibility by applying it in a group of patients with tinnitus. Statistical analysis included internal validity (Cronbach's alpha) and linear correlation tests (Pearson coefficient). Results: We evaluated 60 patients with a mean age of 59 years. We obtained a Cronbach's alpha index of 0.97 for the whole questionnaire. Conclusions: The adapted version of the THI shows satisfactory levels of internal consistency for the assessment of disability caused by tinnitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Adapt and validate the NECPAL instrument in Chile., Design: Prospective, longitudinal, analytical study for validation of the instrument in 5 stages: cultural adaptation, content validation, pilot test, application, and statistical analysis., Place: Four primary care centers of the South East Metropolitan Health Service, in Santiago, Chile., Participants: Primary health care physicians and nurses for cultural adaptation and application, and palliative care experts for content validation., Main Measurements: Cultural adaptation was carried out through cognitive interviews. Content validity was measured using Delphi method and the Lawshe content validity ratio (CVR) was obtained. In the pilot test, we measured stability (test-retest), inter judge harmony and application time in 14 chronic advanced patients (CAP). The test was applied to this same group, calculating the sample according to Nunally's recommendation., Results: A sample of 118 CAP was obtained. The CVR was 0.75 and the average testing time was 6.7 min (SD = 4.01). The test-retest obtained a Kappa test concordance index between 0.632 and 1.0; and the interjudge harmony agreement between 0.192 and 0.692. The surprise question (PS) was positive in 20.3% of the sample. The main conditions associated with the disease-specific severity item, were fragility (23.7%), chronic heart disease (21.2%) and chronic lung disease (12.7%). The demand group and specific severity indicators obtained a greater predictive capacity of PS+, with an area under the curve of 0.808 (95% CI: 0.697-0.918)., Conclusions: NECPAL is feasible to be used in Chile, has adequate psychometric properties and will allow early detection of patients in need of palliative care., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: The objectives of this study included: a) to develop a valid and reliable self-reporting instrument to assess sleep disorders among Chilean adolescent students and b) to develop percentiles for age and sex., Methodology: This was a descriptive, crosssectional study in 2310 adolescent students conducted in the Maule Region, Chile. The sleep disorder self-report was developed considering five categories: duration, alterations, breathing problems, fatigue, and stimulant use. The instrument was validated using a confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was assessed based on internal consistency. Percentiles were developed using the LMS method (L: lambda, asymmetry; M: mu, median; S: sigma, coefficient of variation)., Results: Questions 3, 9, and 12 showed saturation values below 0.40, while the rest had saturation values above 0.41. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of adequacy was 0.749 and the test of sphericity X2 was 4790.09; the percentage of variance accounted for 62.1 %. Cronbach's alpha ranged between 0.71 and 0.76., Conclusion: The self-report developed to measure sleep disorders in adolescents is valid and reliable for its use in health, education, and sports science programs. Percentiles should be used to identify normal patterns and/or sleep disorders by sex and age., (Sociedad Argentina de Investigación Odontológica.)

Objective: To adapt and validate the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (REALD-30) for the Chilean population., Methods: REALD-30 was translated to Spanish, piloted, and revised by experts. Demographics, oral health status, oral health-related quality of life, and health literacy were analyzed. Summary measures, internal consistency, reliability, and convergent and predictive validity were calculated., Results: Cronbach's alpha was 0.876, intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.789 for reliability, Pearson´s and Spearman´s correlations were ≥0.693 for convergent validity, and <= *-0.138 for predictive validity., Conclusion: REALD-30 is a valid and reliable instrument to measure oral health literacy in the Chilean population.

Objective: To report the adaptation and cultural validation of the Oral Health Literacy Instrument (OHLI) for the adult Chilean population attending public and university health services., Study Design: The original OHLI in English was translated to Spanish and back-translated, then a preliminary version was obtained following review by four experts. A pilot study was carried out in 30 patients, who were asked to assess their understanding of the questionnaire. The following variables were included: sociodemographic factors (sex, age, average monthly income, education and marital status); oral health (history of caries, periodontal disease and oral hygiene); oral health-related quality of life; health literacy; oral health literacy; and psychometric properties (internal consistency, temporal stability, convergent validity and predictive validity). Clinical examination and questionnaire administration were carried out at the public health centres where the participants were receiving treatment., Results: A total of 482 persons participated in the study. The internal consistency was high; Cronbach's alpha values were 0.864 for the first section, 0.739 for the second section and 0.887 for the entire instrument. The temporal stability was good, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was >0.6. Regarding convergent validity, the correlation of Chilean version of OHLI (OHLI-cl) with health literacy was positively moderate to strong (r > 0.5 and ρ > 0.5) and statistically significant (P < 0.01). Regarding predictive validity, the correlation of OHLI with oral health damage was negatively weak to moderate (r < -0.2 and ρ < -0.2) and statistically significant (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: The OHLI-cl demonstrates adequate psychometric properties for measuring the oral health literacy in Chilean populations attending public and university health services., (© 2017 FDI World Dental Federation.)

INTRODUCCIóN: Fear of falling, with or without previous falls history, is a risk factor for decreased mobility, disability, as well as a decreased quality of life, and can trigger the self-restriction of activities with loss of independence and functionality. Validated tools for measuring the fear of falling in the Chilean population is a needed to detect those at risk. There are currently no validated instruments to measure this phenomenon in Chile. The aim of this study is to validate the Spanish version of the short «Falls Efficacy Scale-International» (FES-I) in an elderly population living in the community in Chile., Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed using applications at baseline and 4 weeks. The short FES-I was translated using the back-translation method, evaluated by a panel of experts, and piloted in 10 older adults. After the pilot study, the final version was applied to a sample of 113 elderly persons. Data analysis used measures of central tendency, and reliability and confirmatory factor analysis was used., Results: The Spanish version of the short FES-I showed good reliability and validity in an elderly Chilean population., Conclusions: This falls risks measurement tool can be used by clinicians and researchers in order to determine the magnitude of the problem and the impact of fear of falling on falls, functionality, and quality of life of the elderly who live in the community., (Copyright © 2017 SEGG. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)