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The "El Niño" or "Austral Oscilation'" is not only a marine current that appears in the Pacific Ocean each two or ten years between December and March. It is really accepted that this is a very complex phenomenon with important influence on the coastal environments of Peril, Ecuador and Chile. The effects are generally negative both on the coastal marine environment as well as on the whole continental territories. The action period ranges from two years to eight months. Although its origin is yet unknown, many climatologists believe that such current is originated by some anomaly in the behavior of the huge masses of oceanic water. The oceanographers point out that the possible causes may be related with an anomalous behavior present in the air masses. However, it is largely accepted the relation between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere interaction systems. The problems are what is more important or acted with more influence in the natural system. The fact is that geocientist's communities dealing in Earths's problems are looking for reasons of the "'El Niño" phenomenon long time ago. They are employing statistical methods as well as spatial observations in the hope to get some true conclusions and so be able to predict its dangerous effects on human life and activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]