Search

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Promoting the development of large-scale pig farming is a crucial measure implemented by the Chinese government to regulate the pig market. Methods: By utilizing panel data from 30 provinces in China spanning from 2003 to 2020 and employing the PVAR model, this study examines the relationships among price random fluctuations, profftability levels, and industrial scale. Results and discussion: The findings reveal that industrial scale can effectively mitigate price random fluctuations; however, it also leads to a decrease in relative hog prices. Moreover, there exists significant heterogeneity in the impact of scaling on price random fluctuations. Increasing the proportion of farmers engaged in pig farming with a scale ranging from 500 to 9,999 heads reduces random price fluctuations, while increasing the proportion of farmers involved in pig farming with a scale exceeding 10,000 heads has no effect on stabilizing such fluctuations. Additionally, threshold effects are observed for epidemics and environmental regulations. When environmental regulations are less stringent, industrial scale enhances relative prices and stabilizes random fluctuations; nevertheless, once certain thresholds are surpassed, industrial scale diminishes relative prices and eliminates its stabilizing effect on random fluctuations. Similarly, after an epidemic surpasses its threshold level, industry scale fails to stabilize random price fluctuations. These findings provide valuable insights for governments when formulating industrial policies aimed at mitigating agricultural market risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agricultural Outlook (1673-3908) is the property of Institute of Agricultural Information, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

How to develop a low-carbon and environmentally friendly agricultural economy under the conditions of financial diversity is a realistic problem that appears in the context of the current era. In this manuscript, taking cities in western, central and eastern China as examples, the entropy method was used to systematically study the impact of financial diversity on the development of low-carbon and environmentally friendly agricultural economy. Through this study, a low-carbon environmental protection agricultural development factor index system based on financial diversification was constructed, and the entropy method was used to determine the weight of agricultural financial indicators. The results showed that the indicators of agricultural economic and financial ecological diversification ranged from 2.315 to 4.872, with an average value of 3.214. The financial diversity of eastern urban areas was higher than that of central and western cities. The development level of China's low-carbon environmental protection agricultural finance varies greatly from region to region, and there is a large room for balanced development. The regression analysis of low-carbon environmental protection agricultural economic development factors showed that the financial ecological diversity in the eastern region has a significant inhibitory effect on the development of low-carbon finance; the financial ecological diversity in the central region is conducive to the development of low-carbon agricultural finance; the financial ecological diversity in the western region is negatively related to the development of lowcarbon agricultural finance. Financial diversity has a good positive correlation with urban carbon emissions. Although complex financial diversity optimizes the structure of the agricultural economy, it also emits excessive agricultural carbon emissions, which is detrimental to the sustainable development of cities. The output value of the coal industry also has a good positive correlation with urban carbon emissions. The reduction of carbon emissions should speed up the transformation of coal-based energy companies and the development of new energy sources. Environmental protection investment has a weak positive correlation with urban carbon emissions, and environmental protection investment is far from being able to match the increase in carbon emissions. This research can be used for the construction and optimization of agricultural economic indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2020, this paper first constructs an index system through the Pressure-State-Response (PSR) model and conducts a comprehensive evaluation of China's agricultural environment according to the entropy weight TOPSIS model. Second, a coupling coordination degree model is established to calculate the degree of coupling coordination between the agricultural economy and the environment in each province. Finally, a spatial Durbin model is established to analyze the influencing factors of China's agricultural economy. Results show that: ① the overall environment in the eastern region has little change, and the overall level is relatively backward; the agricultural environment in the central region is uneven; the agricultural environment in the western region is quite different from north to south. ② The regions with a high level of coupling coordination are mainly concentrated in the central and southern regions, and the performance is relatively intensive. The agricultural economy and the environment in the western region are extremely uncoordinated, and as is the overall coupling coordination between the agricultural economy and the environment in the eastern region in general. Further improvement is also needed. ③ Fixed asset investment, total power of agricultural machinery, rural electricity consumption, rural population, and rural per capita disposable income all have important influences on China's agricultural economy. ④ The rural population size has a positive and the largest effect on the agricultural economy, whereas rural per capita disposable income has a negative effect on the agricultural economy. Moreover, improving farmers' enthusiasm for farming is one of the key issues to be solved urgently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The region of Yiluo in North China witnessed the development of social complexity in the Neolithic period and the emergence of the first Chinese state society in the early Bronze Age. However, the agricultural economies in the Neolithic–Bronze Age periods of this region and its influence on the social complexity in this area have not been adequately understood, owing to the relative lack of evidence from archeobotany, chronology, and stable isotope analysis in this region. Archeobotanical and isotopic evidence, together with chronological data from the Tumen site, reveals that the complexity of the agricultural economy composed of millet and rice appeared during the late Yangshao period in the Yiluo region and became more intensified in the following Longshan and Bronze Age periods. During the Yangshao and Longshan periods, environmental factors such as landform and hydrology were likely important factors for the diverse agricultural patterns. The complexity of the agricultural economy has an influence on settlement hierarchy and population growth, suggesting that the rise and intensification of the complex agricultural economy was an important driving force in societal development in the Yiluo region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural catastrophe risk assessment is not only a practical problem which needs to be solved for the stable development of China's agriculture under the overall background of global climate change, but also a scientific issue which urgently needs to be solved for the discipline of agricultural risk assessment. At present, the academic circle mainly studies the theories and methods of agricultural catastrophe risk assessment from different perspectives based on risk factors, risk loss as well as risk mechanism, but fails to provide a clear answer to the loss degree of agricultural production caused by extreme weather events as well as the probability distribution of agricultural catastrophe loss. In view of this problem, and on the basis of modern risk analysis and assessment theory, a basic framework for agricultural catastrophe risk assessment was constructed in this thesis, and the parallel random tree algorithm was adopted to construct an agricultural economic risk prediction model in the environment of frequent natural disasters, which could be effectively applied to agricultural economic risk prevention and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We use emergy analysis model to evaluate the ecosystem services. • The services supply and flow between ecosystems and urban area were identified. • Urban ecosystem has gradually transformed from a positive to a passive participant. • Attention should be paid to water supply and retention service of the wetland. Chongming Island, the largest alluvial island in the world, is an ecologically sensitive area. Due to its green space, farmland, estuaries and coastal wetlands and its proximity to the city of Shanghai (45 km, home to 24.2 million people), the island supports important agricultural and fisheries economies. This paper carries out an evaluation of the ecosystem services (ES) on Chongming Island, Shanghai, based on the emergy analysis method, identifying the service supply and flow between ecosystems and urban area. Results show that from the ecosystem-type perspective, the tidal wetland ecosystem provides the most service to Chongming Island, accounting for 45.2% ES emergy in 2012, followed by the agricultural ecosystem (34.5%) and the freshwater wetland ecosystem (6.3%). From ecosystem service-type perspective, water supply, flood storage and aquatic product supply are the main emergy outputs of the wetland ecosystem and account for 51.1%, 17.6% and 25.2% of the emergy, respectively. Food supply is the main emergy of the cropland ecosystem output and accounts for 58% of the emergy. Organic matter production and water retention are the main services provided by the forest ecosystem, accounting for 33.6% and 30.0% of the total emergy respectively. Based on the systematic emergy dynamic analysis, on the one hand, the wetland and forest ecosystems played more significant roles in water supply and retention while the cropland ecosystem had a less important role in food supply from 2002 to 2012. On the other hand, the urban ecosystem has gradually transformed from a positive to a passive participant in the role of supplier and user for ecosystem services. Finally, policy options are proposed to promote land use planning and restore/maintain ecosystem services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the agricultural mechanization development on the agricultural economy has caught public attention. In this paper, the role of the agricultural mechanization in the agricultural economic development of Chongqing is analyzed with the qualitative and quantitative methods based on econometrics and agricultural engineering theory, and its contribution rate is 30.6%. Moreover, the development of agricultural mechanization of the agricultural economy wiil play a leading role in the 21st century, and wiil change the traditional economic development mode featured by increasing agricultural labor and chemical fertilizer. The quality and quantity of agricultural labor force mastering modern science technology is the key to the development of modern agricultural economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the perspective of economic growth, agricultural development, the development of township enterprises and farmers' income, we select 11 indicators to build the evaluation indicator system for the agricultural economic development in the districts and counties of Qingyang City. Using data processing and SPSS13.0 statistical software, we carry out the cluster analysis of the level of economic development in the districts and counties, and divide the level of agricultural economic development of these districts and counties into three economic gradients in descending order: (i) The first gradient: Xifeng; (ii) The second gradient: Qingchi and Huachi; (iii) The third gradient: Huanxian, Heshui, Zhengning, Ningxian and Zhenyuan. The study results systematically reflect the level of agricultural economic development in the districts and counties, and point out the status of the districts and counties in Qingyang's agricultural economic development. Finally we put forth the corresponding recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the significant role of agricultural chemicals in increasing agricultural production and ensuring food security, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has been intensified in Iran. These chemical inputs are important environmental pollutants that threaten human health. In the recent years, in agricultural sector, the balance between the growth of agricultural economy and the spread of pollution in Iran has been one of the major challenges. In this regard, the use of decoupling index to decouple the link between agricultural production and pollution caused by the consumption of chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, has been emphasized; Therefore, in the present study, the decoupling index first is calculated in relation to the emission of pollution caused by the use of chemical inputs in the process of agricultural production during the period of 1991-2016 in Iran. Then, by reviewing the existing literature systematically, the factors affecting the decoupling index in the agricultural sector of Iran are evaluated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The results showed that in the recent years, pollution indicators in relation to chemical inputs have not had ideal trends, and despite the further growth of agricultural production, the quality of the environment has experienced a declining trend. The results of the decoupling index related to the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in Iran show that during a period of 26-year, only 5 and 4 years of using these inputs have had a sustainable state compared to the production growth; besides, a strong negative decoupling state occurred as the most unsustainable state in relation to chemical fertilizer for 7 years. Moreover, among the factors affecting the decoupling index, the value-added variable of the agricultural sector has had the most positive effect on this index, and thus, in the long run, it increases the level of pollution in the agricultural sector. The variables of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the area under cereal cultivation in the agricultural sector would also increase the decoupling index. Accordingly, adopting effective strategies to improve resource efficiency, planning for the implementation of biotechnological methods, and doing investment for creating green infrastructure in the agricultural sector can be effective in the ideal decoupling of pollution and agricultural economy growth in Iran., (© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Improving carbon productivity is the main way to deal with climate change under China's targets for carbon emissions to peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060. This study identified the spatial differentiation of influencing factors of agricultural carbon productivity at the city level in Taihu lake basin, and formed differentiated agricultural management strategies. The results show that: (1) Spatial differentiation of agricultural carbon productivity is obvious at city level. It can be divided into three echelons: the first echelon is Shanghai and Hangzhou (agricultural carbon productivity≥10,000 Yuan/t in 2019 with a growth rate ≥ 600% compared with 1992), the second echelon is Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou (9000 Yuan/t ≤ agricultural carbon productivity<10,000 Yuan/t in 2019 with 381% ≤ growth rate < 600% compared with 1992), and the third echelon is Zhenjiang, Huzhou and Jiaxing (agricultural carbon productivity<9000 Yuan/t in 2019 or a growth rate < 381% compared with 1992). (2) There is a synergetic evolution law between agricultural carbon productivity and agricultural economy, that is, agricultural economic development level is the first factor affecting agricultural carbon productivity, whether in the whole basin or in the city level. (3) There are significant differences in the influencing factors of agricultural carbon productivity at the city level. Finally, according to the spatial differentiation characteristics of influencing factors of agricultural carbon productivity at the city level in Taihu lake basin, we put forward different emphases of agricultural development in different cities., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approved by all authors for publication., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Shi, X., 2020. Research on the influence of trade circulation on coastal agricultural economic growth. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 96-98. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Since the reform and opening up, China's agricultural economy has developed rapidly and the living standard of farmers has been continuously improved. However, judging from the overall economic development in China, the development of rural economy lags far behind that of urban economy. Low prices of agricultural products, increasing downward pressure on the economy, slow growth in the number of migrant workers and difficulties in wage growth are prominent problems in the structural reform of the agricultural supply side in China's coastal areas. Accelerating the establishment and development of a modern commercial circulation market system in rural areas also has an important impact on the growth of coastal agricultural economy. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of agricultural economic growth in the coastal areas of China from the perspective of trade circulation, so as to give policy suggestions on the development of agricultural economy. The development level of modern commerce and trade circulation has a positive correlation with the agricultural economic growth of coastal provinces and cities in China. With the continuous improvement of the development level of modern commerce and trade circulation, the agricultural economic development level of coastal provinces and cities also shows a trend of growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gully control and land consolidation project is another major project of ecological environment management in Yan'an City following the Grain-for-Green project. Understanding the development and changes of the coupling relationship within agricultural eco-economic system in Yan'an City under the background of gully control and land consolidation project has important implications for scientific evaluation of ecological and economic benefits of the project as well as the coordination and sustainable development of agricultural eco-economy in the Loess Plateau. By constructing the coupling coordination degree model and coupling degree model of agricultural eco-economy system, we quantitatively analyzed the change of comprehensive evaluation index, state of coupling coordination, and trend of coupling degree evolution of the agricultural eco-economic system in Yan'an City from 2010 to 2018. The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation index of agricultural ecology and agricultural economy systems in Yan'an City from 2010 to 2018 both followed an S-shaped growth curve, with consistent trend. The coupling coordination index of the agricultural eco-economic system increased from 0.51 to 0.72, while the coupling coordination state developed from the primary coordination level to a good coordination level. Such a result indicated continuous improvement of the relationship between agricultural ecology and economy in the region and the coupling relationship of the system were developing with the direction of mutual coordination. During the study period, the agricultural eco-economic system coupling evolution was complicated and experienced different stages, including decline coupling, coordination coupling, repair coupling, and coordination coupling again. The coupling relationship was at the stage of coordinated development of rapid economic growth in 2018. The gully control and land consolidation project promoted the coupled and coordinated development of agricultural eco-economic system, but with a lagging effect.

The development of the agricultural economy has brought the agricultural pollution, and agricultural pollution has restrained the growth of the agricultural economy and endangered public health. Since the Economic Reform opened up, China has promulgated many policies that have benefited farmers, developed the agricultural economy, and improved agricultural material levels. However, the growth in the agricultural economy has also resulted in significant environmental pollution from pesticides, agricultural fertilizers and agricultural plastic film. Agricultural pollution can affect public health, therefore it is necessary to study the relationship between agricultural economy and agricultural pollution. In this paper, the relationship between the agricultural economy and agricultural pollution is studied by using decoupling index method, taking Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China as an example, and verified by the data of 2008-2017 years of Chengdu. It was found that the decoupling index for pesticide use and per capita gross agricultural production showed "strong decoupling" ideal states in six years. From 2009-2017, the value of it increased from 0.065743-1.597385, and its decoupling state gradually transited to stable strong decoupling. The chemical fertilizer use was found to have a "strong decoupling" ideal state in five years. The value of it decreased from 1.028854-(-0.512702), while its state gradually changed to strong decoupling. However, agricultural plastic film only has one "strong decoupling" state with its value of decoupling index changed from -0.380824-(-0.250250). The increased use of plastic film has resulted in increased agricultural pollution. The research results show that growing with the development of Chengdu's agricultural economy, the use of pesticides and fertilizers has been decreasing. Chengdu's agricultural economy and agricultural pollution were found to have a healthy and coordinated development. The development of agricultural economy has not caused much damage to the agricultural environment. In addition, with the decline of agricultural pollution, public health problems will also be reduced., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.