Search

Mobile phone dependence refers to the excessive use of mobile phones by individuals, which may cause problems in study, work and life. We compared differences in mobile phone dependence among Chinese and Czech university students, and explore the relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic achievement among them in this paper. The subjects of this study included 358 Chinese university students and 282 Czech university students who were recruited during March to April 2022. We collected data through online questionnaires, using the Short Version of the Smartphone Dependence Scale (SAS-SV) to assess the level of students' mobile phone dependence and the Academic Achievement Questionnaire (AAQ) to assess the level of students' academic achievement. The results show that for the level of mobile phone dependence are negatively correlated with the scores of various dimensions of academic achievement and the total score of academic achievement, among them, Chinese students have more significant effect in the relationship between mobile phone dependence and study performance; moreover, the correlations between the three sub-factors of academic achievement in Chinese students were stronger. It can be concluded that mobile phone dependence may lead to lower study performance, more difficulty in handling study demands, and lower social adaptation, or lower academic achievement may also lead to more severe mobile phone dependence.

This study compares the mental health literacy (MHL) of university students in China and the Czech Republic. MHL refers to the ability to recognize mental health problems, adjust one's mental state and seek professional assistance. The study recruited 358 Chinese university students (244 female and 114 male) and 282 Czech university students (247 female and 35 male) and collected data through online questionnaires using the O'Connor's MHL Scale. The results indicated that Czech students had a significantly higher level of MHL compared with Chinese students based on the total score and other subscales. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of MHL on a global scale and the potential of cross-cultural comparisons to promote MHL and improve mental health outcomes. The disparity in MHL between the two countries highlights the need for increased mental health education and resources in China. Further research is needed to explore the cultural and educational factors contributing to the difference in MHL between China and the Czech Republic.

The overarching goal of this 2-phase study was to investigate the contributions of relational reasoning to mathematical thinking and performance for 790 primary and middle-school Chinese students. Phase I of the study was undertaken to establish the reliability and validity of the Test of Relational Reasoning-Junior (TORRjr), a 32-item measure developed to assess children's and young adolescents' ability to reason analogically, anomalously, antinomously, and antithetically. The range of analyses from item difficulties to the overall structural model showed the TORRjr to be a psychometrically sound measure for study participants. There was also evidence of development in students' relational reasoning ability. In Phase II, the contributions of TORRjr performance to results of a novel measure of quantitative relations (QRTC[superscript 2]), a traditional measure of mathematical ability (MAT), and a fluid measure of mental rotation (MRT) were examined. Relational reasoning was significantly associated with performance on all 3 measures to a moderate or moderately strong level. Relational reasoning was also found to partially mediate the association between the QRTC[superscript 2] and MAT and fully mediate the relation between MRT and MAT. Multiple-group regression analyses revealed a stronger association between relational reasoning and mathematical performance for middle-school students than for primary students. Theoretical and practical implications of the outcomes from both phases are forwarded.

Background: Frailty, particularly cognitive frailty, is an escalating public health issue. Cognitive frailty is defined by the simultaneous presence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment, without a confirmed diagnosis of dementia, and has become a significant geriatric syndrome. This study aimed to explore the association between chronic pain and the risk of cognitive frailty. Methods: We utilized data from two waves (2011 and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), conducting both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses involving 17,705 Chinese adults aged 45 years and older. Chronic pain was defined as pain reported at both time points. Cognitive function was evaluated using a questionnaire adapted from the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. The frailty index (FI) was derived from a 30-item assessment. Cognitive frailty was characterized by the co-occurrence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. Results: Among the 14,285 participants, 5.39% exhibited cognitive frailty at baseline. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses indicated that individuals suffering from chronic pain faced a higher likelihood of developing cognitive frailty compared to those without pain. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariate models also indicated a higher odds of cognitive frailty for participants with chronic pain. Conclusion: Chronic pain is significantly associated with an elevated risk of cognitive frailty among middle-aged and elderly individuals. These findings highlight the importance of managing chronic pain to mitigate the risk of cognitive frailty, thereby potentially enhancing the quality of life for the aging population and alleviating the economic burden on families and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we analyzed the imprecise (i.e., less mathematically precise) responses that 148 third- to fifth-grade Chinese students made on selected-response problems that were part of a spontaneous mathematical focusing task, the Quantitative Relations Test for Chinese Children (QRTC[superscript 2]). The purpose for this analysis was to ascertain whether the students' spontaneous responses represented random selections or followed discernible patterns. Those patterns were based on the specific attributes (i.e., featural, mathematical, numerical, and multiplicative) of the imprecise-response options for selected-response items on the QRTC[superscript 2]. Nonrandom selection patterns were identified by means of chi-square analysis and compared to patterns for the constructed-response portion of the QRTC[superscript 2]. For the chi-square analysis, the category involving imprecisions in both numerical and multiplicative attributes, and the category simultaneously involving numerical, multiplicative, and mathematical were significant. The analysis for the constructed problems also showed that children had difficulty describing the changes in the numerical and multiplicative attributes. Overall, the task of fully and accurately writing what they observed in the constructed-response problem on the QRTC[superscript 2] proved challenging for the children. Finally, imprecise response patterns the children exhibited on the QRTC[superscript 2] and their relational reasoning ability, as measured by the Test of Relational Reasoning-Junior (TORRjr) were significantly correlated. That significant correlation was attributable largely to the association between the children's analogical reasoning abilities and their QRTC[superscript 2] performance. We consider the theoretical, empirical, and practical implications of this work for mathematical learning and development.

Green technology innovation (GTI) and environmental regulation (ER) hold the key to promoting the transformation of industrial structure. Based on the regional panel data of China, this is the first study to explore the impact of GTI on the optimization of industrial structure (OIS) and rationalization of industrial structure (RIS) under various ERs. The results suggest that the influence of GTI on OIS and RIS features both heterogeneous environmental regulation effects and regional heterogeneity. Furthermore, command-controlled environmental regulation (CER) has a significant inhibitory effect on OIS. The threshold effects of ERs on OIS and RIS turn out to be significantly different when the panel threshold models are introduced, which also shows heterogeneity. Specifically, there are double and single threshold effects of MER and public participation environmental regulation (PER) on OIS, respectively. In comparison, there are single and double threshold effects of GTI on RIS under CER and PER, respectively. The results indicate that OIS and RIS are significantly correlated with GTI and the type and intensity of ERs. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen GTI to promote regional coordination and cooperation for green industrial transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cabotegravir (CAB-LA), the first long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), has been approved for use in the USA and is not currently on the market in China. However, willingness to use CAB-LA and associated factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) have not yet been evaluated in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangxi, China, in 2022 recruiting 1,006 MSM. Their mean age was 30.2 years, 74.2% had college or above education, and 48.6% had a monthly income between 3,000 and 5,999 Chinese yuan (CNY). Most (73.4%) had previously heard of PrEP while few (8.3%) had ever used this type of preventative medication. Willingness to use CAB-LA was 79.8% and was positively associated with eight variables: younger age, being married to a woman, having a low monthly income, having six or more male partners in the past six months, having only regular male partners in the past month, having a high perceived risk of HIV infection, and history of using PrEP. Ten other variables were not significantly associated with willingness to use CAB-LA. Among 894 participants who were willing to use or did not definitely reject using CAB-LA, the main concerns about CAB-LA were its side effects (90.2%), efficacy (63.6%), and high cost (58.2%). Only 14.7% were willing to pay more than 1,200 CNY (~US$180) every two months to use CAB-LA. The preferred injection places were centers for disease control facilities, hospitals, and social organizations. Many (89.0%) said that they would recommend CAB-LA to their male sexual partners. We conclude that willingness to use CAB-LA was high among MSM in Guangxi. However, implementation of CAB-LA faces tough challenges due to its high cost and the low use of PrEP. Peer education may play a large role in the implementation of CAB-LA in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the absence of previous work, this study investigates how the psychological contract (PC) influences the safety performance of construction workers in China. Design/methodology/approach: The literature is first consulted to obtain a set of PC and safety performance measures that fits the specific situation of construction workers, which is then moderated by five construction experts. A questionnaire survey of 206 workers from 4 different construction sites is followed by a descriptive statistical analysis of the nature of the PC and level of the safety performance of the respondents. Finally, a regression analysis is used to ascertain the level of influence of the PS, and an analysis is made of the influence of PC on safety performance. Findings: A set of PC and safety performance measures is identified that fits in the construction workers' specific situation. The PC of the respondents is found to be intact and well-performed, and their safety performance is maintained at a high level. Safety performance is highly influenced by the state of the PC, with the three dimensions of safety performance (safety result, safety compliance and safety participation) positively correlated with the three dimensions of the PC (normative, interpersonal and developmental). Originality/value: Suggestions are made to improve safety production management and safety performance by providing adequate material and economic conditions, helping the workers establish good interpersonal relationships and realize their personal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A culture-dependent method was used to isolate fungal endophytes from the leaves, stems, and roots of the invasive plant Solanum rostratum Dunal. growing in Xinjiang Province, China. All isolates were identified according to ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region of ribosomal DNA sequences and analyzed by Nucleotide BLAST according to NCBI GenBank and Mycobank database. Altogether 176 endophytic fungal isolates corresponding to 44 OTUs were identified, which were classified into 12 genera, with Penicillium (59.66%) and Aspergillus (23.29%) being the highly dominant genera. Ten endophytic isolates (OTU1, OTU15, OTU16, OTU21, OTU23, OTU25, OTU26, OTU30, OTU37 and OTU44) were identified as potential new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although pressure ulcers are related to substantial health burdens, they may be preventable. Since nurses play a fundamental role in pressure ulcer prevention, their knowledge and attitude are of great importance. This study aims to investigate the current situation and associated factors of nurses' knowledge and attitude on the prevention of pressure ulcers from both tertiary and secondary hospitals. A total of 11 347 nurses were recruited including 7108 nurses (62.6%) from tertiary hospitals and 4239 nurses (37.4%) from secondary hospitals. The median (interquartile range) of the pressure ulcer knowledge score was 51% (38%, 90%) for all the participants with the lowest scores on prevention of pressure ulcers (51.33%). The mean (standard deviation) of attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention was 39.64 (4.65) with the lowest scores on personal competency to prevent pressure ulcers (mean 3.09). The results of multivariate linear regression showed that hospital level, nurses' age, years of work experience, initial education level at work and time of last training significantly associated with nurses' knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention. Meanwhile, hospital level, job title, previous training, time of last training and subjective needs for further training had significant association with nurses' attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention (all p < 0.05). Results showed inadequate knowledge but relative positive attitudes in nurses indicating the importance to deliver continuing education and training regarding pressure ulcer prevention in practice to improve the quality of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: KAP studies serve to enhance health consciousness and furnish foundational data for appraising, strategizing, and enacting disease management and prejudice eradication initiatives. There remains a dearth of published studies elucidating the dimensions of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among psoriasis patients in China. To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards psoriasis among patients and their family members in Northern China. Methods: This web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among psoriasis patients and their family members through a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Among patients (n=260), their mean KAP scores were 9.76± 5.69 (range: 0– 19), 35.64± 11.48 (range: 14– 70), and 56.73± 10.98 (range: 16– 80), respectively. Among family members (n=237), their mean KAP scores were 11.93± 5.34 (range: 0– 19), 35.80± 4.34 (range: 8– 40), and 37.04± 4.38 (range: 8– 40), respectively. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis for patients indicated significant and negative path relations between knowledge and attitudes (β=− 2.271, P< 0.001), and between knowledge and practice (β=− 0.398, P< 0.001). Extended SEM analysis, which divides knowledge into K1, K2, and K3 parts, showed negative path relations between K3 and attitude (β=− 1.300, P=0.002), between attitude and practice (β=− 0.634, P< 0.001). Moreover, SEM for family members showed positive path relations between knowledge and attitude (β=1.536, P< 0.001), between attitude and practice (β=0.682, P< 0.001). Conclusion: Patients in Northern China demonstrated insufficient knowledge, negative attitude, and proactive practice, while their family members had insufficient knowledge, positive attitude, and proactive practice toward psoriasis. It is recommended to implement educational interventions addressing knowledge gaps among patients and families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's coal mines have transitioned to deep mining, the ground stress within the coal seams has progressively increased, resulting in reduced permeability and poor wetting ability of conventional wetting agents. Consequently, these agents have become inadequate in fulfilling the requirements for preventing washouts during deep mining operations. In response to the aforementioned challenges, a solution was proposed to address the issues by formulating a composite wetting agent. This composite wetting agent combines a conventional surfactant with a chelating agent called tetrasodium iminodisuccinate (IDS). By conducting a meticulous screening of surfactant monomer solutions, the ideal formulation for the composite wetting agent was determined by combining the monomer surfactant with IDS. Extensive testing, encompassing evaluations of the composite solution's apparent strain, contact angle measurements, and alterations in the oxygenated functional groups on the coal surface, led to the identification of the optimal composition. This composition consisted of IDS serving as the chelating agent and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (JFCS).Subsequent assessment of the physical and mechanical performance of the coal briquettes treated with the composite wetting agent revealed notable enhancements. These findings signify significant advancements in the field and hold promising implications. Following the application of the composite wetting agent, notable reductions were observed in the dry basis ash and dry basis full sulfur of coal. Additionally, the water content within the coal mass increased significantly, leading to a substantial enhancement in the wetting effect of the coal body. This enhanced wetting effect effectively mitigated the coal body's inclination towards impact, thereby offering technical support for optimizing water injection into coal seams and preventing as well as treating impact ground pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 10Be record in laminated travertines is a potential proxy for reconstructing past solar activity down to the annual scale; however, correcting for the potential influence of climatic or environmental variations remains challenging. Here, we present an annually resolved 10Be record using travertines from Baishuitai, China, covering the period from 1510 to 1701 CE, along with environmental proxies, to evaluate climatic influences and implement corrections to accurately reconstruct solar activity. We demonstrate that the 10Be deposition in travertines exhibits two environmental impacts: the transport efficiency of atmospheric 10Be into travertine and the additional 10Be inflow from overland flow associated with rainfall. We show that these impacts can be corrected based on iron and potassium contents. The resulting corrected record agrees with ice‐core and tree‐ring records, demonstrating the feasibility of using such carbonate sediment 10Be records to reconstruct past solar activity. Plain Language Summary: The travertine 10Be record has great potential as a proxy for high‐resolution reconstruction of past solar activity; however, the methodology for correcting the potential influence of climatic or environmental variations has not been fully established. This study presents a new high‐precision annual 10Be record using travertines from Baishuitai, China, covering the period 1510–1701 CE, together with records of environmental proxies, allowing us to evaluate the climatic influences and establish a methodology for correcting them to facilitate accurate solar activity reconstruction. We find that there are two environmental impacts on the deposition of 10Be in travertine: one is the transport efficiency of atmospheric 10Be into travertine, and the other is the additional 10Be inflow from the runoff following rainfall events, and we use iron (Fe) and potassium (K) contents to correct these impacts. The corrected travertine 10Be record exhibits good agreement with ice‐core 10Be and tree‐ring 14C records, supporting that the 10Be record in Baishuitai travertine reliably reflects the atmospheric radionuclide production rate as regulated by solar activity. This result demonstrates the feasibility of using such carbonate sediment 10Be records to reconstruct annual solar activity and suggests the possibility of extending the annual records further back in time than previously obtained. Key Points: A high‐precision annual record of travertine 10Be from 1510 to 1701 CE was obtained to assess its potential as a proxy for solar activityClimatological and environmental impacts on 10Be deposition were found to be correctable based on the content of trace elementsThe travertine 10Be record corrected for climatological impacts reasonably preserves the decadal and centennial‐scale solar cycles [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the relationship between CEO career variety, digital knowledge base extension, and digital transformation in a digital M&A context. An empirical test was conducted using regression analysis with the digital M&A events of the new generation of information technology firms in China as the research sample. The results reveal that CEO career variety has a positive effect on digital transformation in the digital M&A context and that digital knowledge-base extension plays a mediating role. Moreover, the heterogeneity impact analysis indicated that the moderating effects of geographical distance, knowledge disparity, and cultural difference between target and acquirer firms on the above relationships vary greatly: geographical distance has a negative moderating effect, cultural difference has a positive moderating effect, and the moderating effects of both geographical distance and cultural difference are realized through mediating effects, but none of the moderating effects of knowledge disparity are significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Animal experiments have played a significant role in advancing scientific knowledge and enhancing people's quality of life. In order to better understand the opinions and knowledge of veterinary students in the domain of laboratory animal welfare and to explore and advance the teaching methods used in animal ethics education, a questionnaire was designed and used to conduct a survey among undergraduate and postgraduate students majoring in veterinary medicine. The survey encompassed various topics, such as students' level of knowledge about animal welfare, their perspectives on laboratory animals, their proficiency with animal experiments, and their opinions on teaching methods and content. The respondents were a total of 150 undergraduate students and 148 graduate students. The survey results indicated that most students expressed a strong sense of responsibility for the safeguarding of the welfare of experimental animals. However, there were a few students who lacked compassion for animals. Additionally, there was a general lack of basic theoretical knowledge of animal ethics and an inadequate grasp of experimental techniques among current students. Furthermore, most of the participants expressed a strong sense of responsibility to advocate for animal welfare. Although a substantial number of students were unaware of the existence of agencies for the supervision of work involving laboratory animals, they supported teaching and supervision in the domain of animal welfare and were open to various teaching methods and topics of content. In conclusion, targeted training and education regarding laboratory animal welfare and ethics should be conducted in the future to address the specific needs of students. This study provides a foundation for future animal welfare education and will help to improve the professional skills and humanistic qualities of veterinary students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sintering technology of iron and steel enterprises in China has reached a certain level. However, due to serious resource and environmental issues, how to achieve the greening of the sintering process, the intelligence of the equipment, the high quality of the products and the acceleration of the digital transformation based on intelligent decision-making and control are still key issues to be solved by the iron and steel industry. Based on the historical data of massive sintering production, this study establishes a big data platform for the whole sintering process to realise the reasonable storage and effective organisation of massive data. A sinter quality cascade prediction system, including the sinter bed permeability prediction model, burning through point (BTP) prediction model and sinter quality prediction model and a detailed software structure design are given for the application of the system. The development and application of the system are beneficial for realising the important development goals of low pollution, high yield and high quality in sinter production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Converting natural forests to agricultural lands has been widespread globally due to increasing population and the demand for food. Phosphorus (P) is often applied to agricultural lands in excessive amounts which can saturate the natural P sorption capacity of the soil, leading to P leaching and subsequent off‐site water eutrophication. We studied the effect of land‐use conversion from natural forests to tea plantations on total soil P, P fractions, and P sorption capacity in subtropical China. Compared to natural forests, total soil P concentrations increased significantly in both 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths in tea plantations, indicative of the accumulation of P fertilizer. The increases in total soil P were primarily found in NaOH‐extractable inorganic P and residual P fractions in both depths, suggesting that P fertilizer was sorbed and occluded into more stable forms due to the high abundance of sorbents (i.e., iron [Fe], aluminum [Al] minerals, and clay). Across all soil samples, oxalate‐extractable Fe was the best predictor of soil maximum P sorption capacity (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). Surprisingly, the conversion from natural forests to tea plantations decreased both oxalate‐extractable Fe concentration and soil maximum P sorption capacity, hereby increasing the degree of P saturation in soils. Depletion of P sorbents (i.e., soil amorphous Fe) is likely a consequence of Fe removal through tea production and soil erosion, indicating soil degradation. Plantation soils have also shown other signs of degradation including the loss of nutrients (e.g., total soil nitrogen and oxalate‐extractable calcium) and soil organic matter. Our results demonstrate that the conversion of natural forests to tea plantations reduced the ability of the soil to sorb P by both saturating the natural P sorption capacity and depleting P sorbents. Soil degradation resulting from land‐use conversion has increased the environmental risk of P leaching loss, emphasizing the need for improved P fertilization management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiglitazar is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist, which passed phase III clinical trials and was newly approved in China for use as an adjunct to diet and exercise in glycemic control in adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). To explore the circulating protein signatures associated with the administration of chiglitazar in T2D patients, we conducted a comparative longitudinal study using plasma proteome profiling. Of the 157 T2D patients included in the study, we administered chiglitazar to a specific group, while the controls were given either placebo or sitagliptin. The plasma proteomes were profiled at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks post-treatment using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS). Our study indicated that 13 proteins were associated with chiglitazar treatment in T2D patients, including 10 up-regulated proteins (SHBG, TF, APOA2, APOD, GSN, MBL2, CFD, PGLYRP2, A2M, and APOA1) and 3 down-regulated proteins (PRG4, FETUB, and C2) after treatment, which were implicated in the regulation of insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, and inflammation response. Our study provides insight into the response of chiglitazar treatment from a proteome perspective and demonstrates the multi-faceted effects of chiglitazar in T2D patients, which will help the clinical application of chiglitazar and further study of its action mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Newborn screening (NBS) aims to detect congenital anomalies, and next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has shown promise in this aspect. However, the NBS strategy for monogenic inherited diseases in China remains insufficient. Methods: We developed a NeoEXOME panel comprising 601 genes that are relevant to the Chinese population found through extensive research on available databases. An interpretation system to grade the results into positive (high‐risk, moderate‐risk, and low‐risk genotypes), negative, and carrier according to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines was also developed. We validated the panel to evaluate its efficacy by using data from the "1000 Genomes Project" and conducted a pilot multicenter study involving 3423 neonates. Results: The NGS positive rate in the 1000 Genomes Project was 7.6% (23/301), whereas the rate was 12.0% in the multicenter study, including 3249 recruited neonates. Notably, in 200 neonates, positive per conventional NBS, 58.5% (69/118) showed results consistent with NGS. In the remaining 3049 neonates showing negative results in conventional NBS, 271 (8.9%) were positive per NGS, and nine of them were clinically diagnosed with diseases in the follow‐up. Conclusion: We successfully designed a NeoEXOME panel for targeted sequencing of monogenic inherited diseases in NBS. The panel demonstrated high performance in the Chinese population, particularly for the early detection of diseases with no biochemical markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to global public health, and excessive antimicrobial use (AMU) in animals is a major contributing factor. We used national AMU data for food animals to examine the current status and trends for AMU in food animals in China from 2018–2020. In 2020, China used 32,776.30 tons of antimicrobials in food animals, amounting to 165 g of antimicrobials per ton of animal products. AMU in China increased throughout the 2018–2020 study period; however, the data still showed a consistent and notable reduction from those of 2017, coinciding with the implementation of the China National Action Plan for Combating Animal Antimicrobial Resistance. Among the antimicrobials used, tetracyclines, macrolides and β-lactams (including β-lactam inhibitors) were the most commonly used in food animals. Analysis by antimicrobial class revealed shifts in usage patterns, such as decreased tetracycline use and increased macrolide and β-lactam use. Furthermore, the use of antimicrobial growth promoters decreased sharply, from 51.78% in 2018 to 28.7% in 2020. Compared with AMU data from other countries, China used more antimicrobials, but the values were relatively lower when adjusted for population correction units. These findings highlight China's remarkable efforts in combating antimicrobial resistance and promoting antimicrobial stewardship, thus contributing significantly to global initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To fully investigate the antecedents of public participation intention, a holistic framework was developed by integrating theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM), coupling with corporate social responsibility (CSR), community organizational support (COS), and channel availability (CA). Data was collected from questionnaire surveys conducted with nearby residents of three waste incineration power (WIP) projects in China, and was analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicated that all variables of TPB and NAM, except perceived behavioral control, were validated to positively affect participation intention. Moreover, CSR was found to have a positive effect on participation intention, while CA played a negative role. The positive moderating effect of COS on the relationship between CSR and participation intention was also supported. By comprehending the factors motivating participation in WIP projects, the findings contribute to developing participation intervention policies and addressing Not-In-My-Back-Yard issues of the projects referring to environmental hazard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) are distributed worldwide in poultry and incriminated as the etiological agents for several health problems in fowls, and are capable of crossing species barriers between domestic and wild fowls. An FAdV strain was, for the first time, isolated from black-necked crane in this study, and was designated as serotype 4 Fowl aviadenovirus C (abbreviated as BNC2021) according to the phylogenetic analysis of its DNA polymerase and hexon gene. The viral genomic sequence analysis demonstrated that the isolate possessed the ORF deletions that are present in FAdV4 strains circulating in poultry fowls in China and the amino acid mutations associated with viral pathogenicity in the hexon and fiber 2 proteins. A viral challenge experiment with mallard ducks demonstrated systemic viral infection and horizontal transmission. BNC2021 induced the typical clinical signs of hepatitis–hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) with swelling and inflammation in multiple organs and showed significant viral replication in all eight organs tested in the virus-inoculated ducks and their contactees at 6 dpi. The findings highlight the importance of surveillance of FAdVs in wild birds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lack of monitoring systems and water purification facilities, residents in western China may face the risk of drinking water pollution. Therefore, 673 samples were collected from Lhasa's agricultural and pastoral areas to reveal the status quo of drinking water. We used inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine trace elements concentrations for water quality appraisal, source apportionment, and health risk assessment. The results indicate that concentrations of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ba, and Pb are below the guidelines, while As concentrations in a few samples exceed the standard. All samples were classified into "excellent water" for drinking purpose based on Entropy-weighted water quality index. Thereafter by principal component analysis, three potential sources of trace elements were extracted, including natural, anthropogenic, and mining activities. It is worth noting that geotherm and mining exploitation does not threaten drinking water safety. Finally, health risks were assessed using Monte Carlo technique. We found that the 95th percentiles of hazard index are 1.80, 0.80, and 0.79 for children, teenagers, and adults, indicating a non-carcinogenic risk for children, but no risks for the latter two age groups. In contrast, the probabilities of unacceptable cautionary risk are 7.15, 2.95 and 0.69% through exposure to Cr, Ni, As, and Cd for adults, children, and teenagers. Sensitivity analyses reveal As concentration and ingestion rate are most influential factors to health risk. Hence, local governments should pay more attention to monitoring and removal of As in the drinking water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explains President Clinton's donation of books about the United States to the Peking University Library and compares it to a donation of Chinese books from the Peking University library to the library of Kapiolani Community College (Hawaii). Suggests appropriate directions for U.S.-China academic library cooperation and for international academic librarianship in general. (LRW)

Describes CALIS (China Academic Library and Information System), a nationwide academic library consortium funded primarily by the Chinese government to serve multiple resource-sharing functions among the participating libraries, including online searching, interlibrary loan, document delivery, and coordinated purchasing and cataloging, by digitizing resources and developing an information service network. (LRW)

Objectives The aims of this study were to investigate the multilevel factor structure of the Therapist Presence Inventory-Therapist version (TPI-T) in a sample of Chinese beginning trainees, and to develop a 6-item brief version (TPI-T-Brief) using multilevel item response theory (M-IRT). Methods: Participants included 131 therapists from a master's level counseling training program in China. After every session, therapists were sent the TPI-T and measures assessing their ratings of working alliance and session quality. Results: Multilevel factor analysis indicated that though conceptually TPI-T was hypothesized as having a unidimensional structure, the positively and negative worded items emerged as two statistical artifact factors. Using M-IRT, we shortened the 21-item TPI-T into the 6-item TPI-T-Brief, with three positive and three negative items. Conclusions: Evidence was found for the multilevel reliability, convergent validity, and concurrent validity of TPI-T-Brief given its significant associations with therapist- and client-rated working alliance and session quality. Further, TPI-T-Brief had significant predictive effect of session quality above and beyond working alliance at the session level. We discussed limitations (including using only one dataset) and recommended that the TPI-T-Brief be used in routine clinical practice to track therapy process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giving full play to the public's initiative for geohazard reduction is critical for sustainable disaster reduction under a government-led top-down disaster governance approach. According to the public's intention to participate in geohazard mitigation activities, this study introduces the analytical framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), with attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control as the primary explanatory variables, with three added explanatory variables: risk perception, disaster experience, and participation perception. Survey data obtained from 260 respondents in Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, are analyzed using structural equation modeling and combined with multivariate hierarchical regression to test the explanatory power of the model. The results indicate that attitude, subjective normative, perceived behavioral control, and participatory cognition are significant predictors of public intention to participate. Disaster experience is negatively associated with public intention to participate. In addition, the extended TPB model contributes 50.7 % to the explanation of the behavioral intention of public participation. Practical suggestions and theoretical guidance are provided for strengthening geohazard risk management and achieving sustainable disaster reduction. In particular, it is concluded that, while correctly guiding public awareness of disaster reduction activities, policymakers should continue developing participatory mechanisms, paying attention to two-way communication bridges between the public and the government, uniting social forces, and optimizing access to resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine the multilevel factor structure of the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory (SWAI; Efstation et al., 1990) and shorten it for routine clinical use in the Chinese cultural context. Participants were 203 (Sample 1) and 97 (Sample 2) beginning counseling trainees from a master's level training program in China. They were given the SWAI after every supervision session, and a subset of Sample 1 trainees also completed measures of their counseling self-efficacy before every client session. With Sample 1, multilevel exploratory factory analysis (M-EFA) showed that for the original 19-item version of SWAI, two factors emerged on the within-trainee level (Rapport and Client Focus) as proposed in Efstation et al. (1990), whereas only one General Alliance factor was identifiable on the between-trainee level. After removing poorly or double-loaded items, a six-item brief version of SWAI (SWAI-Brief) was obtained. Using Sample 2, multilevel confirmatory factor analysis and multilevel bifactor models supported the factor structure found in M-EFA with Sample 1. Empirical evidence also supported the reliability of the SWAI-Brief, as well as its criterion-related concurrent and predictive validity given its significant associations with trainee's counseling self-efficacy at the same week and in the subsequent week. Results suggested that the six-item SWAI-Brief could be a reliable and valid measure for assessing supervisory working alliance in the Chinese cultural context and may be used to continuously track clinical supervision processes. Public Significance Statement: This study shortened the widely used measure, the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory–Trainee version (Efstation et al., 1990), from 19 items to six items. The brief version had preliminary reliability and validity evidence and may be used to routinely track clinical supervision processes in China. Of the two aspects of supervisory working alliance (Rapport and Client Focus), across supervision sessions within the same trainee, apparently some supervision sessions were marked by higher Rapport and lower Client Focus while other sessions were the other way around. However, when comparing one trainee to another trainee averaging all sessions, Rapport and Client Focus changed in tandem. To facilitate trainee self-efficacy over time, supervisors may find it helpful to ensure sufficient focus on discussing client issues in each supervision session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the multilevel factor structure of the therapist and client versions of the 12-item Working Alliance Inventory–Short Revised (WAI; Hatcher & Gillaspy, 2006) in the United States and China, and to create a three-item brief version (WAI-B3) using multilevel factor analysis (M-FA) and multilevel item response theory (M-IRT). We gathered eight data sets from two samples each in United States and China with a total of 21,623 sessions from 376 therapists and 2,455 clients. M-FA results with the first four data sets (two American and two Chinese) suggested that the 12-item WAI across therapist and client versions, and in both United States and China showed a dominant general WA factor with three specific subgroup factors corresponding to the Goal, Task, and Bond items. We then constructed a three-item WAI-B3 by selecting items 11, 10, and 9 through M-IRT, as the best representative of Goal, Task, and Bond subscales, respectively, for both the therapist and client versions in United States and China. With the other four data sets (two American, two Chinese) to test the WAI-B3, we found adequate multilevel reliability, structural validity, and convergent validity with the original 12-item WAI scores. Multilevel measurement invariance tests provided tentative and mixed support for the equivalence of WAI-B3 between the American and Chinese data sets and between therapist and client versions. We recommend that the WAI-B3 be used in routine clinical practice to track therapy process, and that the WAI-B3 be tested with other client and therapist populations and cultures. Public Significance Statement: The 12-item Working Alliance Inventory–Short Revised (WAI-SR; Hatcher & Gillaspy, 2006) is best represented by a predominant general working alliance factor and its total composite score can be used to describe both between-session changes or conduct between-therapy-dyad comparisons. Items 11, 10, and 9 in WAI-SR form a brief version WAI-B3 that has solid psychometric properties. Measurement equivalence is supported for WAI-B3 client version across United States and China, and across its therapist and client versions in the United States. Mixed support for equivalence is found for WAI-B3–Therapist across United States versus China, and therapist versus client versions in China. It is recommended that researchers and practitioners incorporate this brief WAI-B3 into their routine clinical practice to continuously track both therapist and client perceptions of their working alliance over the treatment and conduct further cross-cultural investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining causes extreme heavy metal (HM) contamination to surrounding environments and poses threats to soil microbial community. The effects of HMs on soil microbial communities are not only related to their total amounts but also associated with the distribution of chemical fractions. However, the effects of chemical fractions on soil microbes and their interactions remain largely unclear. Here we investigated soil physicochemical properties and bacterial and fungal communities of soil samples from the control area and lightly (L), moderately (M), and heavily (H) contaminated areas, respectively, which were collected from long-term Pb–Zn slag contamination area in the southern China. The results showed that bacterial and fungal community composition and structure were significantly affected by HMs, while community diversity was not significantly affected by HMs. The critical environmental factor affecting bacterial and fungal communities was pH, and the impacts of chemical fractions on their changes were more significant than the total amounts of HMs. Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) revealed fungal community changes were mostly driven by HM total amounts, but bacterial community changes were mostly driven by soil chemical properties. Co-occurrence network indicated that interactions among species of fungal network were sparser than that of bacterial network, but fungal network was more stable, due to a more significant number of keystone taxa and a lower percentage of positive associations. These illustrated that the fungal community might serve as indicator taxa for HM-contaminated status, and specific HM-responsive fungal species such as Triangularia mangenotii, Saitozyma podzolica, and Cladosporium endophytica, and genus Rhizophagus can be considered relevant bioindicators due to their less relative abundance in contaminated areas. Additionally, HM-responsive bacterial OTUs representing five genera within Sulfurifustis, Thiobacillus, Sphingomonas, Qipengyuania, and Sulfurirhabdus were found to be tolerant to HM stress due to their high relative abundance in contaminated levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the source of Pb in Bronze Age artefacts from the Central Plains (Zhongyuan) in China, we investigated non-ferrous minerals from the Qingyuan archaeological site in Yuanqu County near the Zhongtiao Mountains. Fragments of smelting slag from the Erlitou cultural layer were collected. The smelting slag was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and lead isotope analysis. The SEM and EDS results confirmed that the slag contained Pb, Pb–As, and Cu–Pb–Sn inclusions and non-metal impurities such as low-Zn spinels. The XRD results signified that the bulk of the slag comprised Fe–Mn–Si phases. The chemical state of Pb was mainly Pb–O with some metallic Pb, as identified by XPS. The theoretical melting point was calculated using FactSage7.1 based on the composition and phase characterisation. The calculated temperature was 1100–1200 °C, which agreed well with the actual melting point of 1114–1354 °C. The slag composition and inclusion phases indicated that Pb–Zn–O ores with Mn and As were added during reduction smelting in Qingyuan. The raw materials of smelting included crude Pb with minor amounts of Cu, As, and Sn. Lead isotope analysis revealed that the lead materials produced in Qingyuan were likely transferred to Yanshi City in the Shang Dynasty. The findings of this study provide significant clues for exploring lead mineral production in the Central Plains during the Early Bronze Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological livability is one of the important tasks and objectives of the rural revitalization strategy proposed at the 19A National Congress of the CPC. The most precious wealth of the countryside is the excellent ecological environment, and China must unswervingly follow the route of green agricultural development. Based on current research on the relationship between ecological livable and agricultural green development, comprehensive policy documents, journal literature and related reports, this paper explored the background and connotation of ecological livable, the current situation of agricultural green development and existing problems, and profoundly analyzed ecological livable and the internal connection between agricultural green development, aiming to provide theoretical reference and scientific reference for the final realization of ecological livable goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The building sector is the second-largest energy consumer in China. With the proposal to reach a carbon peak by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, China attaches more importance to the energy conservation and emission reduction of the residential sector. To study the connection between socioeconomic factors and residential energy consumption (REC), this paper collects the data of 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2001 to 2019 to explore the REC impact factors by the STIRPAT model. The factors for modeling are identified from relevant studies and weighted by the independent weight coefficient method (IWCM). The regression result shows that the average number of persons per household, per capita housing construction area, urbanization rate, and cooling degree days have a significant positive impact on REC, while a negative correlation is found between per capita housing construction area, residential water consumption, and residential liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) consumption. Strategies of energy conservation and emission reduction in residential building sector are explored based on the demonstration of the future REC pattern evolution and the changes in its impact factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support technology faces challenges in view of the large deformation of surrounding rock in three-soft coal roadways under high horizontal stress in Zijin Coal Mine, China. Geostress near the tested working face of the mine was measured and its distribution law was analyzed through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation analysis, and field measurement. The original supporting scheme of the three-soft coal roadway on the tested working face was analyzed to discover the deformation and failure mechanism of the surrounding rock of the original supporting roadway and the control measures. An optimized support scheme of H-G (hollow grouting) anchor cables, high strength bolts, W-shaped steel belts, metal meshes, and sprayed concretes was proposed for field applications. Based on the roadway in the tested 3201 working face at Zijin Coal Mine, the technical parameters for optimizing the combined support of the roadway were determined. The following results were be obtained through field measurement. The roadway was kept intact after excavation and the optimized support scheme was adopted in the three-soft coal roadway. No obvious deformation in appearance existed in the roof, floor, and roadway coal sides. Compared with the original support scheme, the stability of the roadways was improved visibly. The displacement of the roadway roof decreased from 100 to 30 mm, and that of the roadway coal walls decreased from more than 100 mm to less than 50 mm. This work verifies the effectiveness of a combined support scheme of H-G anchor cables, high strength bolts, W-shaped steel belts, metal meshes, and sprayed concretes to control deformations of surrounding rock in three-soft coal roadways. The new support scheme has good social and economic benefits and can be used as a reference for other roadway supports under similar conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The third generation of China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) began to provide global service at the end of 2018, and the completion of BDS was announced in July 2020, which includes GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit), IGSO (Inclined Geosynchronous orbit), and MEO (Medium Earth Orbit) satellites. The resulting BDS orbits vary due to the inconsistent alignment strategies used by different analysis centers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the method of determining the BDS-3 orbit products combined from different analysis centers. In this research, the accuracy of the combined orbits for BDS-3 and other GNSS systems is evaluated and analyzed. To verify the reliability of the orbit combination method proposed in this paper, the GPS orbit is first selected for verification. Compared to the analysis centers, the mean Signal in Space User Ranging Error (SISURE) for GPS combined orbits is significantly reduced, and the mean SISURE of combined orbits for Block IIF, Block IIR, and Block III is 4.15 mm, 5.43 mm, and 5.63 mm, respectively. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the orbit combination method in this research. Besides, the accuracy of the combined orbits is improved by the ERP correction, and the mean RMS of the without Earth rotation Parameters (ERP) correction orbits and with ERP correction orbits is 4.78 mm and 4.53 mm, respectively. This demonstrates that orbit consistency corrections should be considered when performing orbit combinations. Compared to the GFZ orbits, the accuracy of the combined orbits has improved for GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, and BDS is 8.2%, 9.9%, 9.9%, and 5.5%, respectively. It shows that the orbit combination method improves the orbital accuracy compared to the individual analysis center orbits. The mean RMS of the combined orbits for GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, BDS MEO, and BDS IGSO is 1.7 cm, 2.61 cm, 2.52 cm, 2.59 cm, and 4.90 cm, respectively. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the combined orbit for the BDS-3 MEO satellite is already similar to other systems; an orbit combination also available for the BDS-3 satellite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st Century, the construction industry regards green building as an important breakthrough to achieve sustainable development, and energy-saving retrofits of residential buildings has been conducted globally with China no exception. In order to better understand consumers' attitudes and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for green retrofits and identify the shortcomings of the industry's development, this study designs a retrofit scheme and organizes a questionnaire survey to collect feedback of responds from the Pearl River Delta, China regarding their WTP for energy-saving retrofits of residential buildings and their decision factors. The study identifies a retrofit cost of $517.92 and found that 94.29% of respondents had the intention of green reconstruction. The results of a Pearson correlation analysis and one-way ANOVA show the professional background of respondents and their WTP to be negatively correlated, while education level, perceived value, perceived behavior control, and feelings of the surrounding reference group are positively correlated with participants' expected inputs. Of all the factors considered, the level of education and feelings of the surrounding reference group influence budget most significantly. The findings will help property developers and the government to design better marketing strategies and launch corresponding policies, thereby promoting the development of the green building industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study combines data-driven-based logistic functions with prediction–area (P–A) plot for delineating target areas of orogenic Au deposits in the eastern margin of the Qinling metallogenic belt, central China. First, appropriate geological and geochemical factors were identified, optimized, and transformed into a series of fuzzy numbers with a range of 0–1 through a data-driven-based logistic function in order to determine the evidence layer for prospecting orogenic Au. In addition, the P–A plot was derived on the above evidence layers and their corresponding fuzzy overlay layers to pick out a proper prediction scheme, in the process of which acidic magmatic activity proved to be the most important factor of ore-controlling. Moreover, to further prove the advantages of this method, a traditional linear knowledge-driven approach was carried out for comparative purposes. Finally, based on concentration–area (C–A) fractal theory, the fractal thresholds were determined and a mineral prospecting map was generated. The obtained prediction map consisted of high, medium, low, and weak metallogenic potential areas, accounting for 2.5%, 16.1%, 38.4%, and 43% of the study area, containing 2, 3, 1, and 0 of the 6 known mine occurrences contained, respectively. The P–A plot indicated that the result predicted 83% of Au deposits with 17% of the area, confirming the joint application of the data-driven-based logistic function and P–A plot to be a simple, effective, and low-cost method for mineral prospectivity mapping, that can be a guidance for further work in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intra-oceanic subduction is a fundamental process on Earth, the study of which can improve the understanding of plate tectonic processes and the history of continental growth. Here, we report on newly recognized trondhjemite in the north of Diyanmiao ophiolite belt in North China. The trondhjemite was found along the Erenhot-Hegenshan suture zone. U-Pb zircon dating revealed that the trondhjemite crystallized at 309 ± 2.1 Ma. The trondhjemite had a high amount of SiO2 (68.94–76.45 wt %), Al2O3 (13.37–15.90 wt %), and Sr (232–601 ppm); and a low amount of K2O (1.57–2.70 wt %), Y (6.91–9.39 ppm), Ni (1.10–4.19 ppm), and Cr (1.55–13.50 ppm). The Na2O/K2O ratios were 1.90–4.37. There was a lack of negative Eu anomalies. It was relatively enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) such as Rb, Ba, K, and Sr; was depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) such as Nb, Ta, Ti, and P; and had low total rare-earth element (REE) contents (27.73–49.63 ppm) with distinct REE fractionation (chondrite-normalized (La/Yb)N of 5.76–10.52), which was similar to adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of subducted oceanic crust. The trondhjemite, together with Diyanmiao ophiolite (335.6 Ma), may have formed during the stages of intra-oceanic subduction, suggesting that in the Early Carboniferous–Late Carboniferous, the southern Paleo-Asian Ocean was in its subduction stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is experiencing the rapid development of infrastructure projects throughout the country, especially in the Guangdong-Hong Kong SAR-Macao SAR Greater Bay Area. This is placing the Chinese construction industry under tremendous pressure to transition to a sustainability orientation due to the various economic, social, and environmental challenges involved. The transition to more sustainable infrastructure projects requires the involvement of more stakeholders, while the multistakeholder context is of less importance when making project decisions, and this may create an adverse effect on the sustainability level of infrastructure projects. Based on the questionnaire data collected, this study addresses this issue by comparatively analysing stakeholder perceptions of sustainable infrastructure delivery between Guangdong province, Hong Kong SAR, and Macao SAR. Through independent sample t-tests, the disparity in perceptions between paired stakeholder groups in the Greater Bay Area (as a whole) is revealed. Three pairs, i.e., government department and supervising engineers, owners and designers, and supervising engineers and operators, are found to be the most conflicting, while contractors and supervising engineers are the least. Of the 18 sustainability items analysed, shaped local identity and international reputation (SOC, social factor 8) is the most controversial, while value-for-money of the proposed project during its lifecycle (EOC, economic factor 5) and green design and construction (ENV, environmental factor 2) have the greatest consensus towards their roles in achieving project sustainability. Significantly, different stakeholder perceptions between the three are also identified, and the contractor group is found to share the least consensus geographically, while the operators have the least conflict rating of the relevant importance of various sustainability factors. The thorough analysis of sustainability-related items of economy, society, and environment contributes to understanding the attitudes of the various stakeholder groups involved, which then helps reduce their conflicts during sustainable infrastructure delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With in-depth development of industrialization and urbanization in China, improving the professional skills and quality of migrant workers in the construction industry has become an important measure to optimize the labor force structure and promote the industry upgrading. Numerous studies have been carried out on this topic, and construction industrial workers with high skills level and professional quality have replaced the professional identity of migrant workers. However, the psychological cognitive mechanism of migrant workers' occupational role enhancement behavior has not been fully revealed. This study aims to construct a theoretical model of the intention to influence the industrialization of migrant workers in the construction industry based on the frameworks of the theory of planned behavior and risk perception theory, and to explore the key factors and cognitive mechanisms in their transformation into industrial workers in the construction industry. Empirical study using structural equation modeling through field collection of 383 questionnaires from migrant construction workers shows that perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and behavioral attitude all have significant positive effects on behavioral intention, with decreasing direct effects in descending order of magnitude. Perceived behavioral control also predicts professionalization through the mediation of behavioral intentions, and the newly introduced risk perception factor in the model has a negative inhibitory effect on behavioral intentions and actual behavior. This study validates the important role of psychological intention on the industrialization of migrant workers in the construction industry, providing a new perspective to promote their transformation into industrial workers, and laying the foundation for the modern transformation and sustainable industry development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The slag found in Hengdong Jiangxian County, Shanxi Province has been recognized by archaeologists as the earliest evidence of bloomery ironmaking in China. The slag was characterized and analyzed by chemical titration, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and tescan integrated mineral analysis (TIMA). The smelting technology in ancient China was explored, combined with thermodynamic theory. The results of chemical titration shown that the total Fe was as high as 64.18%, which means that it was very difficult to produce iron on a large scale with the ancient bloomery ironmaking technology, consuming a lot of iron ore while producing very little iron. The distribution of FeO was relatively dispersed, while that of Fe2O3 particles was concentrated and large. The source of Fe2O3 in the slag can be roughly identified as the oxidized metallic iron, which could not be separated in the slag in the past. Tescan integrated mineral analysis (TIMA) images show that Fayalite and Wustite are the main phase forms in smelting slag. The existence of fayalite proves that the temperature of a slag system should reach the condition of liquid phase formation during the smelting process. Based on the characterization results, the metallurgical conditions of the slag at that time are inferred by FactSage7.1. The theoretical smelting temperature was between 1150 °C and 1200 °C. The fayalite and aluminosilicate in the slag had obvious displacement and inhomogeneity, which pointed to the forging temperature ranging from 1050 °C to 1100 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How trade liberalization affects a country's fertility has been verified by some studies, but little is known about how export trade liberalization impacts individual fertility intention. Using China Health and Nutrition Survey data from 1997 to 2011 and regression analysis, this study finds that a decline in the average external tariff significantly improves the fertility intentions of married women. This conclusion remains robust after overcoming endogeneity problems using an alternative external proxy variable, adopting different average tariff calculation methods, adding other control variables, and considering the son preference. The mechanism test shows that export trade liberalization can affect married women's fertility intentions by affecting family income; moreover, the income effect dominates the substitution and intra‐marital income gap effects. This study provides a new perspective for understanding changes in fertility intention in developing countries. This perspective can promote academic research progress in this field and be of great significance in formulating effective policies to improve fertility intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The imperative to enhance corporate environmental performance is not only pivotal for a company's growth but also crucial for fulfilling societal responsibilities and protecting global environmental interests. Recognizing the inadequacies of standalone environmental policies, our study delves into the synergistic effects of incentive-based and regulatory approaches on the environmental performance of listed firms in China. We meticulously examine the interplay between environmental punishment and subsidies over the period of 2015–2019. Our analysis reveals that a strategic combination of punishment and subsidies can substantially improve firms' environmental performance. This effect intensifies with the increasing amounts of fines and subsidies. Additionally, we explore the dynamic effects of policy implementation. Our results indicate that subsidies implemented either a year before or after the imposition of punishment might diminish the effectiveness of standalone environmental penalty policies. Furthermore, our findings suggest that diverse regulatory policies enhance firm environmental performance by promoting investments in environmental protection and fostering green innovation. This discovery highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of policy mixes and their implications for corporate environmental strategies. • A combination of punishment and subsidies can substantially improve firms' environmental performance. • High fines and subsidies will be more effective. • Subsidies sometimes will weaken the effectiveness of punishment alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Applied Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are different characteristics of BC in developing countries and developed countries. We intended to study the factors which influence the survival and prognosis of BC between southern China and the United States. (a) To study the two groups BC patients in southern China from 2001 to 2016 and SEER database from 1975 to 2016. (b) To register, collect and analyze the clinicopathological features and treatment information. Our study found that there are significant differences in tumor size, positive lymph node status and KI-67 between southern China and SEER cohort (P < 0.000). The positive lymph node status may be one of the causes of difference of morbidity and mortality of BC patients in China. Furthermore, the differences in treatment methods may also account for the differences between China and seer databases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giving full play to the public's initiative for geological disaster reduction is critical for sustainable disaster reductionunder a government-led top-down disaster governance approach. According to the public's intention to participate in geological disaster mitigation activities, this study introduces the analytical framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), with attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control as the primary explanatory variables, with three added explanatory variables: risk perception, disaster experience, and participation perception. Survey data obtained from 260 respondents in Jinchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, are analyzed using structural equation modeling and combined with multivariate hierarchical regression to test the explanatory power of the model. The results indicate that attitude, subjective normative, perceived behavioral control, and participatory cognition are significant predictors of public intention to participate. Disaster experience is negatively associated with public intention to participate. In addition, the extended TPB model contributes 50.7% to the explanation of the behavioral intention of public participation. Practical suggestions and theoretical guidance are provided for strengthening geohazard risk management and achieving sustainable disaster reduction. In particular, it is concluded that, while correctly guiding public awareness of disaster reduction activities, policymakers should continue developing participatory mechanisms, paying attention to two-way communication bridges between the public and the government, uniting social forces, and optimizing access to resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing use of high-voltage transmission wires requires more and more high-voltage pylons, and sometimes, constructing pylons in mining areas is very urgent. To ensure the safe operation of pylons, coal pillars with large side lengths are usually used to provide sufficient support; however, this results in a huge waste of coal. Eight high-voltage pylons are arranged on the ground surface corresponding to the location of working face 1110 of Sima Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, China, which cannot be mined by traditional methods. Taking this as the engineering background, the failure mode of high-voltage pylon is first analyzed. Using FLAC3D numerical simulations, the influence of five different mining plans on ground surface deformation in working face 1110 is evaluated, and the vertical settlement and horizontal deformation in different areas of the ground surface, as well as the variation law of horizontal strain and slope are analyzed. According to the numerical simulation results, the range of thickness-limiting mining or backfill mining in working face 1110 is shown in scheme 3, and the key regions in the mining process are determined. Secondly, the strengthening scheme of high-voltage pylons is designed, that is, the four foundations of high-voltage pylons are connected as a whole with steel supports and steel connectors so as to improve the structural strength of the high-voltage pylon. Finally, the position change in the foundation of high-voltage pylons was monitored for 22 consecutive months. The results show that the maximum settlement of the high-voltage tower foundation is 3.1 m, which is consistent with the actual mining thickness; The high-voltage pylon was stably moved, and the change in transmission line tension and total length was usually less than 1.0%. The combined mining scheme and foundation strengthening scheme can ensure the safe operation of high-voltage pylons and provide a new method for the stability control of ground buildings in coal mining subsidence area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The focus of students' health concerns has gradually progressed from the single factor of physical health to comprehensive health factors, and the physical and mental health of students are now generally considered together. This study focuses on exploring the status of junior high school students' physical health and their subjective health assessment with the major societal factors that affect students' lives: School Life and Family involvement. In addition, we explore the main factors influencing students' subjective health. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 190 Tibetan junior high school students in the Maozhuang Township. The intentional sampling was used to choose the research object. The structured questionnaire comprised four parts, namely social and demographic information, family condition, school life, and subjective health quality which was assessed by PROMIS (Chinese version of the Pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System). Result: The average height and weight of boys and girls are statistically different (p-values of 0.026 and 0.044, respectively), but there is no statistically significant difference in BMI (Body Mass Index) between boys and girls (p-value of 0.194). The average values of the five dimensions of depression, anger, anxiety, fatigue, and peer relationships in the PROMIS of the research subjects were 58.9 ± 5.3, 53.3 ± 8.0, 58.1 ± 7.3, 52.8 ± 8.0, 39.3 ± 6.6. In the demographic dimension, the grade was the main factor influencing anger (p < 0.01) and fatigue (p < 0.01), while gender was related to peer relationships (p = 0.02). In the family dimension, the father's educational level was related to peer relationships (p = 0.05), while the family financial situation was related to depression (p = 0.01). In the school life dimension, relationship with classmates was found to affect anger (p = 0.05), while homework was related to anxiety (p = 0.02) and fatigue (p = 0.05). Conclusion: the physical health index BMI and subjective health evaluation of students are worse than students of more developed areas in China. Their family environment and school life all have varying degrees of impact on the five subjective health outcomes. There are differences in gender and grade level. The government and society need to pay more attention to the physical and mental health of students in remote and underdeveloped areas and improve their health through a student nutrition plan and the establishment of mental health offices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to establish a satisfaction evaluation model of industrial heritage renewal by evaluating the performance of old industrial buildings after renewal, then judging the adaptability and accuracy of the transformation strategy and putting forward targeted improvement suggestions. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed by the statistical package for social science (SPSS) software using a structural equation model (SEM) and importance–performance analysis (IPA). The results show that (1) history, culture, and placeness have the largest average satisfaction and a positive and significant impact on overall satisfaction; (2) the building regeneration effect has a significant impact on overall satisfaction; and (3) social influence, external environmental perception, and economic benefits have no significant effect on overall satisfaction, indicating the need to strengthen public participation for further research into environmental creation, market-based operation, and land conservation. This case study reflects the distinctive features of internationalization and localization, and provides an indication of local practice in China for world urban renewal and architectural heritage theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polygonum hydropiper L. (PL) is widely used in treating enteritis in China. This study interpreted the active ingredient and mechanism of PL against enteritis through UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS, network pharmacology and molecular docking. UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS of PL manifested 68 compounds. In addition, the primary candidate genes and potential active components were identified by topological analysis of the single‐component disease gene interaction network. The interaction between the active ingredient, whose drug‐likeness properties were confirmed by Lipinski's rule, and the therapeutic gene was confirmed by molecular docking analysis. AutoDock Vina in AutoDock Tools was used to conduct molecular docking between significant components and critical genes. The advantage of this experiment is that the UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap HRMS method increases the total chemical composition of PL. Secondly, we obtained active compounds through network pharmacology and found that PL mainly acts on multiple inflammatory pathways in the treatment of enteritis. 61 potential genes of PL for the treatment of enteritis were obtained. The genes were mainly involved in biological processes such as response to oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory factors and inflammatory pathways, and role in treating enteritis by participating in AR, NOS2, MMP9, MMP2, SRC, and other signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]