1. Compound Wind and Precipitation Extremes Across the Indo‐Pacific: Climatology, Variability, and Drivers.
- Author
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Li, Delei, Chen, Yang, Messmer, Martina, Zhu, Yuchao, Feng, Jianlong, Yin, Baoshu, and Bevacqua, Emanuele
- Subjects
CLIMATOLOGY ,ATMOSPHERIC rivers ,WEATHER ,EXTREME weather ,INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,CYCLONES - Abstract
Compound wind and precipitation extremes (CWPEs) can severely impact multiple sectors and regions, often causing critical infrastructure failure and fatalities, especially in the Indo‐Pacific region, which is a hotspot for CWPEs of various synoptic origins. Results show that the northwestern Pacific Ocean and its coasts have experienced the most frequent, strongest, and longest‐lasting CWPEs in summer in recent decades, which are induced by cyclones. Landfalling atmospheric rivers are one of the main drivers for frequent occurrences of CWPEs in central and western China and the northwestern Indo‐China Peninsula in both boreal summer and winter. The frequency of CWPEs over southern China exhibits significant decreasing trends in contrast to increasing trends in equatorial tropical areas. Moreover, the magnitude and pattern for the observed changes in the frequency of CWPEs result primarily from the variations in the dependence between univariate extremes, when evaluating the Indo‐Pacific as a whole. Plain Language Summary: Co‐occurrences of wind extremes and precipitation extremes, termed compound wind and precipitation extremes (CWPEs), can disrupt and endanger shipment and shipping logistics. The associated winds and floods may cause severe socio‐economic impacts in coastal and inland areas, such as paralyzed public transportation, critical infrastructure damages, and fatalities. CWPEs substantially impact the Indo‐Pacific region as a result of frequent occurrences of extreme weather conditions. Results show that the northwestern Pacific Ocean and its coasts have experienced the most frequent, severe, and longest‐lasting CWPEs in summer in recent decades, which are induced by cyclones. Landfalling atmospheric rivers are one of the main drivers for frequent occurrences of CWPEs in central and western China and the northwestern Indo‐China Peninsula in both boreal summer and winter. The equatorial tropical area features significant increasing trends in the frequency and intensity of CWPEs, mainly resulting from other processes free of cyclones and atmospheric rivers, while southern China shows significant decreasing trends for both seasons. Overall, the mapping of CWPE hotspots and understanding of long‐term changes and drivers of CWPEs help vulnerable communities better prepare for combined and amplified hazards related to wind and precipitation extremes. Key Points: Compound wind and precipitation extremes (CWPEs) in the Indo‐Pacific region are attributed to different weather systemsThe northwestern Pacific Ocean and its coasts observe the most frequent, strongest, and longest‐lasting CWPEs induced by cyclones in summerVariations in dependencies between univariate extremes control observed changes in frequencies of CWPEs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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