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Since 2014, public–private partnerships (PPPs) in China have experienced an impulsive new boom with a new PPP policy that has drawn wide attention domestically and internationally. In particular, development characteristics and performance assessments of projects in the new PPP boom are a hot topic. By comparing China's PPP development in the last several years with that in the past thirty years, we explore its rationale and performance through a critical review using the following approach: first, we identify and analyze its seven new characteristics of investment scale, spatial distribution, investment sectors, operational model, concession period, payment mechanism, and tendering period; second, we diagnose the nature and performance of the new PPP boom; third, we systematically scrutinize the rationale behind the characteristics and the possible mechanism; and last, we conclude with the argument that the new PPP boom could be well managed by the Chinese government if some prerequisites are met. We also raise some key issues inviting more comprehensive comparative studies. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a project-data-analysis lens to better understand PPP development in China and worldwide. The implementation of this study will not only enrich global PPP knowledge, but will also be a good reference for PPP practice and trends in China and other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Shared electric bicycle (SEB) has rapidly gained prominence as a mode of shared mobility in China. This study aims to explore the impact of SEB travel on carbon emissions reduction in urban transportation systems. Employing a system dynamics approach, a predictive model is developed with five subsystems: socio-economic subsystem, SEB travel subsystem, traditional travel subsystem, traffic congestion subsystem, and carbon emissions subsystem. Taking Changsha City as a case study, the carbon reduction potential of SEB is evaluated by analyzing different travel scenarios. The results show that urban transportation carbon emissions can be reduced by about 3.3% under the SEB travel alternative scenario. Compared to infrastructure development or private car restriction scenarios, the SEB alternative is more viable and sustainable. SEB exhibits advantages over other public transportation in alleviating urban transportation burdens and reducing emissions. Sensitivity analysis emphasizes the key role of increasing distance by SEB travel in enhancing carbon reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural nonfarm sector (RNFS) development is an important part of China's national "Rural Revitalization Strategy". RNFS is also a prerequisite for prosperity in the rural economy, which is properly measured by rural resident income (RRI). Thus, China's rural economic policy should be based on the perspicuity of RNFS′ spatial agglomeration situation and the clarity of its development trend. Previous studies on RRI, however, have paid limited attention on RNFS's spatial pattern and its effects on RRI especially after the ownership reform of township and village enterprises. The present study aims to estimate the effect of RNFS on RRI by assessing the RNFS development level in different provinces and investigating their spatial characteristics from 2000 to 2013. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the overall development of RNFS in China is rapid, but the spatial differences are expanding, the agglomeration degree is relatively low, and the composition of industrial types is higher in the eastern region than in the middle and western regions; 2) regression results show that the RNFS has a significant positive effect on RRI. On the contrary, RRI's dependence on RNFS in the middle and western regions is higher than that in the eastern region. Government departments should foster RNFS on the basis of local conditions. Guided by the long-term objective of rural revitalization, the proportion of nonagricultural employment in rural areas should be constantly increased to improve RRI. • This paper summarized the development history of China's rural non-farm sector and puts forward the research gap. • This paper explores the spatio-temporal characteristics of rural non-farm sector, and examines its detailed structures. • This paper examines the effect of rural non-farm sector on residents' income both at the provincial and individual levels. • This paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the Rural Revitalization Strategy and summarized a conceptual framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: As an innovation model for infrastructure and public service delivery, public–private partnership (PPP) has been widely adopted around the world. The knowledge spillover effect and policy diffusion mechanism have played an important role in promoting the development of PPP in the context of globalization. A comparative evaluation of the policy and management of PPP in different countries will help to understand the development of PPP, provide decision-making reference for PPP policy embedded with specific national conditions of each country, and also contribute to the global PPP knowledge body. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the principle of comparability and representativeness, this study selected three countries, namely, China, India, and the United Kingdom for comparative analysis. This study first introduced the policy process and key institutions of PPP in three countries. Secondly, a comparative analysis of the development characteristics and application of PPP was conducted based on the official database of three countries. Finally, the differences, influencing factors and development trends of international PPP development were analyzed based on the comparative research results, and suggestions for PPP policy and management were put forward. Findings: The research results indicate the development fluctuation and unbalanced spatial distribution of PPPs are a common phenomenon in the three countries. The UK has a significant impact on the policy and development of PPP in other countries. However, under the combined influence of factors such as economic, urbanization, political regime and social culture, there are significant differences in the PPP institution, application, and project characteristics in various countries. Due to international exchanges and knowledge spillovers, as well as the promotion of intermediaries, the development of PPP worldwide tends to converge. Practical implications: Through conducting an international comparison of PPPs based on project data, this study provides a detailed and visualized overview of PPPs and a better understanding of PPP policy and management in different countries. The findings will be of interest to PPP investors, officers, practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and analysts. It enriches the portrait of global PPP market research, helps governments to improve the design of PPP institutions and policies, and provides references for decision-making of international investors when stepping into a new market. Originality/value: This study is the first attempt to systematically compare and analyze the global PPP difference and development trend based on PPP project databases of different countries. Different from previous PPP comparative research based on perception data, the project data-based comparative analysis in this study is helpful to understand the characteristics, interrelations, and trends of global PPP development and enrich the existing PPP knowledge body. This study also proposes that it is possible to establish a global PPP knowledge community in the context of globalization and global production network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses a gap in the literature; a lack of research on peri-urbanisation in central China. China's 'factory of the world' is gradually, but perceptively, moving from the coastal region to the central region. In the central region, the manufacturing economy is dominantly found in peri-urban areas, replicating the coastal pattern. Based on a case study of Wuhan's Dongxihu District, the authors probe characteristics of manufacturing-led central region peri-urbanisation, concluding that current central region peri-urbanisation more closely resembles first phase coastal peri-urbanisation than the more diversified leisure and consumer-oriented peri-urbanisation, such as Disneylands and second homes, emerging in coastal areas. Interior peri-urban areas are closer to their core cities. Accordingly, residential spillover effects from the core city compete for peri-land. Domestic firms are prevalent, given the lower costs of start-up and operations. Shorter distance, more hinterland-oriented migration means less cultural diversity in central region peri-urban regions relative to the coast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interregional migration has become an important driver shaping the economic landscape in China. By using 2010 Chinese census data, this study investigates the determinants of interregional migration and their implications for regional growth, estimated using principal component analysis, and a negative binomial regression model. In particular, it measures the roles of region size, income and lifestyle, green spaces, and employment opportunities in the origin and destination regions, and distance between the two regions. In addition to confirming the continuing influence of economic indicators as well as distance (owing to high moving costs), the findings presented herein add to the policy debate by encouraging regional policymakers to consider the effects of income, lifestyle, and green spaces. A strategy based on cheap labour is no longer encouraging growth in China, while many regions are suffering from environmental degradation. To address these shortcomings, an amenities-based growth strategy concerning income, lifestyle, and green spaces for regional development is discussed, and policy implications are suggested. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Changes in plaque tissue components such as lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) and fibrous tissue with long-term statin treatment or discontinuation have not been studied. Objective LRNC and fibrous tissue by magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated in subjects who continued and discontinued statin therapy for 2 years after a prospective study. Methods The Rosuvastatin Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Chinese Patients study in 32 lipid treatment naïve subjects showed a significant reduction in LRNC during 24 months of rosuvastatin therapy. After Rosuvastatin Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Chinese Patients was completed, 15 subjects continued taking statins and 17 discontinued despite receiving an instruction to continue statin therapy. LRNC and fibrous tissue were compared between 24 and 48 months within each group and between the 2 groups. Results At 48 months, LRNC volume and composition decreased significantly compared with that at 24 months in the statin-continued group (101 ± 76 vs 76 ± 65 mm 3 ; P = .001 and 17.3 ± 11.9% vs 12.6 ± 7.6%; P = .04), whereas fibrous tissue increased significantly in both volume (337 ± 160 vs 357 ± 169 mm 3 ; P < .001) and composition (76.3 ± 10.5% vs 83.1 ± 10.1%, P = .002). Such changes were not seen in subjects who discontinued statin. Furthermore, the changes in LRNC volume and composition and fibrous tissue composition from 24 to 48 months were significantly different between the statin-continued and -discontinued groups (−25 ± 18 vs 9 ± 14 mm 3 ; P < .001) and (−4.6 ± 8.2% vs 1.3 ± 2.8%; P = .009) and (6.9 ± 6.8% vs 1.3 ± 5.4%, P = .018). Conclusions Continued statin therapy leads to continued decrease in LRNC and increase in fibrous tissue, which indicates improved plaque stability and supports long-term statin therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hotel industry is deeply embedded in local regional conditions, though the influence of regional factors is seldom investigated. Three key hotel industry metrics, Revenue per Available Room (RevPAR), Average Room Rate (ARR), and rooms rented, were examined for their determinants using ordinary least squares and negative binomial regression models on key endogenous and exogenous (regional) factors, including Destination Attractiveness and Capacity, Business and Commercial Environment, Image and Openness, and Tourism Professional Specialization. Using China as a case study, and at different hotel star designations (2- to 5-star hotels), the results show that RevPAR is determined mainly by labor quality and Tourism Professional Specialization. Particularly, regional factors significantly affect ARR and rooms rented. The influence and sophistication of regional factors increases with higher star designations. This paper highlights links between the hospitality industry and regional economic development, which should be considered by both the hotel industry and tourism policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key to studying urban sustainable development depends on quantifying stores, efficiencies of urban metabolisms and capturing urban metabolisms' mechanisms. This paper builds up the metabolic emergy account and quantifies some important concepts of emergy stores. Emphasis is placed on the urban metabolic model based on the slack based model (SBM) method to measure urban metabolic efficiencies. Urban metabolic mechanisms are discussed by using the regression method. By integrating these models, this paper analyzes the urban metabolic development in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. We conclude that the metabolic emergy stores of Beijing increased significantly from 2001 to 2010, with the emergy imported accounting for most of the increase. The metabolic efficiencies in Beijing have improved since the 2008 Olympic Games. The population, economic growth, industrial structures, and environmental governance positively affect the overall urban metabolism, while the land expansion, urbanization and environmentally technical levels hinder the improving of urban metabolic efficiencies. The SBM metabolic method and the regression model based on the emergy analysis provide insights into the urban metabolic efficiencies and the mechanism. They can promote to integrate such concepts into their sustainability analyses and policy decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Although the scale and speed of China’s urban and economic transition is well acknowledged, a detailed account of the transformation of a single city’s development in this context is quite rare. This paper provides an insight into the recent dynamics of China’s capital city, Beijing. In the early 1980s, China’s transition process from a planned to a market economy started to deeply affect the urban economy of Beijing, so much so that the city is on its way to become one of the world’s leading cities. This article focuses on this development by looking at Beijing’s institutional context and its economic-spatial dynamics over the past 30years. Economic Clusters (ECs) are also discussed because they have contributed significantly to Beijing’s rapid growth and change. The city’s development is however under increasing pressures of ecological deterioration, limited water resources, high living costs and uncertainties regarding the future urban policy orientation of the city region. These current challenges and responses in planning are assessed and discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: An identification of economic clusters and analysing their changing spatial patterns is important for understanding urban economic space dynamics. Previous studies, however, suffer from limitations as a consequence of using fixed geographically areas and not combining functional and spatial dynamics. The paper presents an approach, based on local spatial statistics and the case of Beijing to understand the spatial clustering of industries that are functionally interconnected by common or complementary patterns of demand or supply relations. Using register data of business establishments, it identifies economic clusters and analyses their pattern based on postcodes at different time slices during the period 1983–2002. The study shows how the advanced services occupy the urban centre and key sub centres. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) cluster is mainly concentrated in the north part of the city and circles the urban centre, and the main manufacturing clusters are evolved in the key sub centers. This type of outcomes improves understanding of urban-economic dynamics, which can support spatial and economic planning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In recent years, Chinese national and municipal governments have emphasised growth of the urban cultural economy, aiming to achieve 15-20% economic output share in the largest metropolitan regions by 2020. There is wide variation in policy and physical approaches to growing the urban cultural economy, explored in Beijing, Shanghai and Foshan. Differing physical models of cultural economic development are explored: formal arts facilities, cultural preservation based redevelopment, high-tech creative zones and bottom-up clusters. Key drivers are discussed and tensions are explored - between production and consumption spaces, top-down and bottom-up approaches and between authenticity and gentrification. The authors conclude the sector is becoming a major shaper of physical form, affirm the key role the private sector has played and assert that bottom-up districts, driven by the producers themselves, have been among the most successful. Spatial dynamism is emphasised, particularly the emergence of new cultural production spaces on the urban periphery, and the evolution in the urban core of former production spaces into new cultural consumption environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The peri-urban area of fast growing Chinese cities is under great pressure from the land demands of urban expansion, resulting in the loss of arable land, environmental deterioration and social exclusion of village communities. The recent development of agro-tourism enterprises in peri-urban areas, as a form of commercial urban agriculture, offers a means to promote integrated urban and rural development in a manner that can counteract some of the negative impacts of urbanization. This paper describes and analyzes the performance of a large-scale agro-tourism enterprise, Xiedao Green Resort in Beijing, over the period 2004–2008. The business model combines agricultural production and tourism services fostering a demand-supply relationship between urban and rural areas. It offers a way to improve the quality of agricultural products and services, while developing multiple functions of agro-tourism which have wider economic, environmental and social benefits, creating opportunities for integrated and sustainable urban–rural development. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

One of the important issues related to world cities studies is the lack of systematic measurement of the formation of world cities. Such a measurement technique would be a useful tool for cities aspiring to attain world city status, especially those cities in Pacific Asia, such as Hong Kong, Singapore, Seoul, and Shanghai. This paper approaches this task by devising a measurement methodology based on quantifiable indicators to generate a World City Index and then uses Shanghai as a case study to test how the city stands compared to 32 current and potential world cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rust belt cities are a special but important phenomenon in the world's industrialization landscape and city development trajectory. This profile analyses the struggling process and revitalization initiatives of Harbin, which was the first city established after the liberation of China, featuring the largest land area and highest latitude among all Chinese cities. The remarkable history of urban and industrial development once made Harbin the cradle of manufacturing in China, strongly supported by national government with concentration of SOEs. The city however has been suffering during the transition to a market economy. Its transition is painfully challenged by the strong socialist legacies of SOEs. This paper emphasizes that the new initiatives of Harbin, based on local endowments, cold climate condition and geolocation, demonstrate great potential for successful revitalization. Such strategic choices provide experiences and alternatives for other rust belt cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture in peri-urban areas is prone to dynamic changes due to urban influences. Previous studies have explored the impact of urban growth on peri-urban agriculture (PUA), but the active responses of the agricultural sector are rarely examined. This paper investigates recent agricultural development practices in peri-urban Beijing and explores approaches to agricultural transformation in the rapid process of urbanisation. The investigation finds that high-tech precision agriculture, down-stream processing and agro-tourism have emerged as major forms of PUA in Beijing. It also uncovers that the PUA developments are not only economically appealing, but also socially inclusive and environmental friendly. The findings contribute to a better understanding of PUA progress in China. The paper suggests policy implications in facilitating integrated development between urban and rural sectors, which would help improve economic development, spatial planning and local governance in peri-urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Carotid vulnerable plaque is a major cause of stroke and differs between men and women. Few studies have investigated the differences in carotid plaque features between sexes in a Chinese population., Purpose: To compare carotid atherosclerotic plaque features between men and women in a Chinese population using magnetic resonance imaging., Study Type: Cross-sectional., Subjects: A total of 567 patients (mean age: 61.5 ± 10.1 years; 404 men) who had recent stroke or transient ischemia attack and atherosclerotic plaque in at least one carotid artery., Field Strength: A 3.0 T., Sequence: T1- and T2-weighted turbo spin echo, three-dimensional time-of-flight (TOF) fast field echo and magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequences., Assessment: Plaque characteristics including lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), total vessel area (TVA), mean wall thickness (MWT), and mean normalized wall index (NWI); presence of calcification, lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), and fibrous cap rupture (FCR); and percent composition area (%area) were evaluated and compared between men and women., Statistical Tests: Independent-sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and multiple linear and logistic regressions., Results: In symptomatic arteries, men had significantly greater LA (46.2 ± 15.6 mm 2 vs. 40.7 ± 12.9 mm 2 , P < 0.05), WA (33.9 ± 11.5 mm 2 vs. 26.3 ± 7.5 mm 2 , P < 0.05), and TVA (80.1 ± 20.4 mm 2 vs. 67.0 ± 18.0 mm 2 , P < 0.05); higher MWT (1.2 ± 0.4 mm vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05); and higher prevalence of LRNC (72.3% vs. 46.0%, P < 0.05) and IPH (18.6% vs. 4.9%, P < 0.05) compared with women. In asymptomatic arteries, men had significantly greater LA (48.3 ± 16.9 mm 2 vs. 42.1 ± 12.6 mm 2 , P < 0.05), WA (32.9 ± 11.0 mm 2 vs. 25.8 ± 6.1 mm 2 , P < 0.05), and TVA (81.2 ± 22.1 mm 2 vs. 67.9 ± 16.5 mm 2 , P < 0.05); higher MWT (1.2 ± 0.3 mm vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.05); higher prevalence of LRNC (67.8% vs. 42.9%, P < 0.05), IPH (14.9% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.05), and FCR (6.4% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.05); and higher %LRNC area (24.8 ± 17.2% vs. 17.8 ± 14.1%, P < 0.05) compared with women., Data Conclusion: Men have similar plaque burden but more vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques compared with women in both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid arteries in a Chinese population., Evidence Level: 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 3., (© 2021 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)

Background: Statin therapy has shown to deplete atherosclerotic plaque lipid content and induce plaque regression. However, how early the plaque lipid depletion can occur with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering in humans in vivo has not been fully described., Methods: We enrolled 43 lipid treatment naïve subjects with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis and LDL-C ≥ 100 and ≤ 250 mg/dl. Rosuvastatin 5-20 mg/day was used to lower LDL-C levels to < 80 mg/dl. Lipid profile and carotid MRI scans were obtained at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months. Carotid plaque lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) and plaque burden were measured and compared between baseline and during treatment., Results: Among the 32 subjects who completed the study, at 3 months, an average dose of rosuvastatin of 11 mg/day lowered LDL-C levels by 47% (125.2 ± 24.4 mg/dl vs. 66.7 ± 17.3 mg/dl, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant changes in total wall volume, percent wall volume or lumen volume. However, LRNC volume was significantly decreased by 7.9 mm3, a reduction of 7.3% (111.5 ± 104.2 mm3 vs. 103.6 ± 95.8 mm3, p = 0.044). Similarly, % LRNC was also significantly decreased from 18.9 ± 11.9% to 17.9 ± 11.5% (p = 0.02) at 3 months. Both LRNC volume and % LRNC continued to decrease moderately at 12 and 24 months, although this trend was not significant., Conclusions: Among a small number of lipid treatment naïve subjects, rosuvastatin therapy may induce a rapid and lasting decrease in carotid plaque lipid content as assessed by MRI., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.Gov numbers NCT00885872.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in carotid arterial morphology and plaque composition between patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD). Twenty-eight patients (12 ACS patients and 16 SCAD patients) underwent carotid high-resolution MRI examination using a 3.0-Tesla (3.0T) MRI scanner. The indicators of carotid arterial morphology included the maximum total vessel area (Max-TVA), mean TVA, minimum lumen area (Min-LA), mean LA, maximum wall area (Max-WA), mean WA, maximum wall thickness (Max-WT), mean WT, maximum normalized wall index (Max-NWI), mean NWI, and maximum stenosis (Max-stenosis). The indicators of plaque composition included the prevalence and mean area percentage (%) of lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC), calcification (Ca), intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), and fibrous cap rupture (FCR). None of the indicators of carotid arterial morphology had significant differences (all P > 0.05) between the ACS and SCAD patients. The prevalence and plaque composition area percentage of LRNC, Ca, and IPH did not exhibit significant differences between the two groups. However, carotid plaques in the ACS patients presented a higher prevalence of FCR than SCAD patients (P < 0.05). This study revealed a similar carotid arterial morphology between ACS and SCAD patients. However, FCR is more common in carotid plaques with ACS than in those with SCAD. Ruptured carotid plaques may be a forewarning factor for those patients who are at high risk of ACS.

To evaluate the differences of signal evolution of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and associated stenosis between symptomatic and asymptomatic atherosclerotic carotid arteries. Thirty-three carotid arteries (15 symptomatic and 18 asymptomatic plaques) with recent carotid IPH underwent serial high-resolution MRI examinations on a 3.0-Tesla (3.0T) MRI scanner over a period of 18 months. MR sequences included three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D-TOF), quadruple-inversion-recovery T1-weighted imaging (QIR T1 WI), proton density-weighted imaging (PDWI), and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). The contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of subsequent IPH during the follow-up period between symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid IPH showed a significant difference on 3D-TOF (P = 0.029), T1 WI (P = 0.005), and PDWI (P = 0.028), except for that on T2WI (P = 0.362). Compared with no significant signal intensity change of symptomatic IPH, CNRs of asymptomatic IPH exhibited a gradually descending trend on all contrast weighted images (P < 0.05). Compared with asymptomatic arteries, the degree of diameter stenosis associated with IPH increased significantly in the symptomatic atherosclerotic carotid arteries between baseline and the 18th month (10.53 ± 12.29% vs. 1.65 ± 7.74%, P = 0.017). Symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid IPH demonstrated different MRI signal evolution and associated carotid stenosis. Repeated carotid IPH may be more common in symptomatic plaques than in asymptomatic plaques and might produce a stronger stimulus for progression of atherosclerosis than one-time carotid IPH.

Background and Purpose: Previous studies have reported that carotid atherosclerosis frequently can be seen in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. This study sought to determine the prevalence of compositional features in subclinical carotid atherosclerosis by MRI in CAD patients., Methods: Ninety-six subjects with suspected CAD but free of neurological symptoms underwent coronary CT angiography and carotid MRI including 3-dimensional time-of-flight, T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and proton density-weighted sequences at 3 T within a 2-week interval. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and degree of stenosis were measured. Areas for carotid lumen, wall, total vessel, and percent wall volume (wall volume/total vessel volume) were measured. The prevalence of carotid calcification, lipid-rich necrotic core, intraplaque hemorrhage, and surface disruption in coronary stenosis and CACS categories were determined., Results: Carotid percent wall volume was correlated with CACS (P=0.001). Both coronary stenosis and CACS were significantly associated with presence of carotid calcification (OR=5.79 for 1%-49% vs 0% stenosis; OR=10.23 for >50% vs 0% stenosis; OR=10.65 for CACS 1-399 vs CACS 0; and OR=20.28 for CACS >400 vs CACS 0; all P<0.05) and lipid-rich necrotic core (OR=10.29 for 1%-49% vs 0% stenosis; OR=4.66 for >50% vs 0% stenosis; OR=8.23 for CACS 1-399 vs CACS 0; and OR=11.87 for CACS >400 vs CACS 0; all P<0.05) High prevalence of lipid-rich necrotic core was found in low-grade coronary stenosis (75.6% in 1%-49% stenosis) and CACS (73.5% in CACS 1-399)., Conclusions: Carotid plaque burden and compositional features are significantly associated with CAD severity. The finding of high prevalence of lipid-rich necrotic core in patients with low-grade coronary stenosis and CACS suggests the need for early monitoring of carotid atherosclerosis in CAD patients.