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Purpose: This study aimed to review the epidemiological studies on orthopedic traumatology and the Chinese experience in large volume databases of fractures., Methods: Review of international and Chinese literature., Results: Traumatic fractures are associated with high risks of death and disability worldwide, thus increasing financial burden on affected families and society. In the current study, epidemiological surveys on fractures around the world were reviewed to explore distribution and types of fractures in different populations. Different populations exhibit heterogeneity in the type, incidence of traumatic fractures, and the underlying causes and severity of fractures. Fracture epidemiology has strengthened clinical practice and increased understanding of the causes and patterns of fracture occurrence. Fracture and trauma epidemiological studies provide findings for use in public health education and data that can be used to develop targeted prevention intervention strategies by health departments., Conclusion: The current study summarized the worldwide epidemiological studies on orthopedic traumatology. The findings of this study will provide a basis for designing effective methods for fracture prevention and management., (© 2022. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to SICOT aisbl.)