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Objectives: To investigate the role of oral microbiome in promoting oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development. Materials and Methods: We investigated the salivary microbiome of 108 controls and 70 OSCC cases by16S rRNA gene sequencing and detected the fluorescence signal of OSCC‐related pathological bacteria by fluorescence in situ hybridization assay (FISH). The invasion and migration assays were used to show the differences of invasive and migrative abilities between control and experimental groups. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results: In our study, the overall microbiome abundance and composition were richer in the 108 controls than in the 70 OSCC cases. We demonstrated that Streptococcus, Capnocytophaga, Peptostreptococcus, and Lactobacillus were highly abundant in the saliva of OSCC patients by 16S rDNA sequencing and FISH. Moreover, we found that Capnocytophaga gingivalis (C. gingivalis) was highly presented in OSCC tissues by FISH. We focused on C. gingivalis and found that its supernatant induced OSCC cells to undergo EMT, causing the cells to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype associated with highly invasive and metastatic properties. Conclusion: Taken together, these results indicated that C. gingivalis might invade OSCC tissues and played an important role in OSCC by promoting OSCC invasion and metastasis by inducing EMT. Hence, the role of C. gingivalis in cancer progression revealed a new direction for the research of OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background c-ros oncogene 1 ( ROS1) rearrangement presents one of the newest molecular targets in non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC). ROS1 rearrangement is predominantly found in adenocarcinoma cases and is exclusive to other oncogenes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog ( KRAS), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of ROS1-rearranged patients with lung adenocarcinoma without EGFR and KRAS mutations and ALK rearrangements. Methods Wild-type EGFR/ KRAS/ ALK patients with lung adenocarcinoma were selected from Beijing Chest Hospital. Specimens were conducted in tissue microarrays. ROS1 rearrangement was screened using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results Our study included 127 patients with lung adenocarcinoma without EGFR and KRAS mutations and ALK rearrangements. ROS1 rearrangement was detected in five (3.9%) of the 127 patients. Compared with ROS1-negative patients, the positive rate of ROS1 in female patients was significantly higher than in male patients (9.8% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.009). There were no differences in age, smoking status, stage or histological subtype between ROS1-positive and ROS1-negative patients. No significant difference in survival was detected between the ROS1-positive and ROS1-negative patients. Conclusions ROS1 rearrangement is a rare subset of lung adenocarcinoma. In 127 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, 3.9% of ROS1-positive patients with wild-type EGFR/ KRAS/ ALK were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

T0135 is a variant selected from the progeny of a rice line telotrisomic for the short arm of chromosome 11 (2n+11S·). Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) results indicated that T0135 contained two telocentric chromosomes, which have two centromere-specific molecular markers (5S rDNA) for chromosome 11; thus T0135 is a newly-described rice chromosome variant with two dicentric chromosomes, named 22+11L·+11L·+11S·11S·+11S·11S· (22 represents the 22 chromosomes excluding chromosome 11 in the rice genome, “·” represents the centromere). To investigate the genetic stability of the rice dicentric chromosomes during sexual reproduction, we observed the chromosome types in the progeny. Ninety-four percent of the progeny had the same chromosome type as the parental line. This result indicates that the dicentric chromosomes are mostly stable during mitosis and meiosis. Immunofluorescence analysis for centromere specific histone H3 (CENH3) revealed that only one centromere is active and the other centromere is inactivated in the rice dicentric chromosomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]