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Background: Few data exist on the immunogenicity and safety of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine (EV71 vaccine) coadministered with trivalent split-virion inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) in infants. Methods: This trial was a phase 4, randomized, controlled trial. Infants aged 6- 11 months were eligible, with no history of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and no history of EV71 vaccine or any influenza vaccine. Eligible infants were randomly assigned to EV71+IIV3 group, EV71 group or IIV3 group. Blood samples were collected on day 0 and 56. Results: Between September 2019 and June 2020, 1151 infants met eligibility criteria and 1134 infants were enrolled. 1045 infants were included in the perprotocol population, including 347 in the EV71+IIV3 group, 343 in the EV71 group, and 355 in the IIV3 group. The seroconversion rate (98.56% vs 98.54%; seroconversion rates difference of 0.02% [95% CI: 0.70-0.98]) and GMT (419.05 vs 503.72; GMT ratio of 0.83 [95% CI 0.70 - 0.98]) of EV71 neutralizing antibodies in the EV71+IIV3 group was not inferior to those in the EV71 group. The non-inferiority results for influenza virus antibodies (A/H1N1, A/ H3N2 and B) showed that the seroconversion rates and GMTs of the EV71+IIV3 group were non-inferiority to those of the IIV3 group. Systemic and local adverse event rates were similar between groups. None of serious adverse events (SAEs) were related to vaccination. Conclusions: Coadministration of the EV71 vaccine with IIV3 was safe and did not interfere with immunogenicity. These findings support a viable immunization strategy for infants with the EV71 vaccine coadministered with IIV3 in China. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04091880. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key point: Considering that vaccination with the sIPV and DTaP overlap at the ages of 3 and 4 months in China, to reduce the burden of treatment on parents and increase vaccination coverage rates, we designed a postmarket clinical study of co-administration. Background: The Sabin-strain-based inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) and the diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP) have been licensed in China for many years. To conduct a clinical study on the safety and immunogenicity of the sIPV when administered concomitantly with the DTaP. Methods: The study population was divided into three groups: group 1 was the sIPV+ DTaP concomitant administration group, group 2 was the sIPV inoculation group, and group 3 was the DTaP inoculation group. Blood samples were collected prevaccination and 30 days postvaccination, and serum antibody levels were detected. Results: This study showed that the seropositive and seroconversion rates of type 1, 2 and 3 poliovirus in group 1 were higher than those in group 2, with no statistically significant difference after vaccination (P>0.05). Groups 1 and 3 also showed similar responses for all vaccine antigens except anti-FHA (97.65 (94.09-99.36) vs. 100 (97.89-100)). The geometric mean titers (GMTs) for the DTaP and sIPV among the groups were comparable, and the non-inferiority t test result was P<0.001. The number of local adverse events (AEs) reported in group 1 (29.91%) were larger than those in group 2 (12.39%) and group 3 (21.93%), among which the most common was redness. Similarly, the most common systemic AE was fever. All 5 severe AE (SAE) cases were determined by experts to be unrelated to the vaccines during the study. Conclusions: The evidence of similar seroconversion and safety with co-administered DTaP and sIPV supports the co-administration supports the introduction of a strategy of simultaneous administration of both vaccines into routine infant immunization, and it could increase vaccination coverage and protectmore infants from morbidity and mortality from these related diseases. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04054882?term=NCT04054882&cntry=CN&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT04054882. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Most patients in the People's Republic of China prefer tertiary hospitals when seeking medical services. The aim of this study was to assess outpatient satisfaction with tertiary hospitals in the People's Republic of China, test overall and subscale satisfaction, and explore whether sociodemographic characteristics lead to different degrees of satisfaction and whether subscale outpatient satisfaction contributes to overall satisfaction. Methods: A closed questionnaire was given out to investigate outpatients' sociodemographic characteristics, overall satisfaction, and various subtypes of satisfaction, and a 5-point Likert scale was employed to measure the degree of outpatient satisfaction. Descriptive analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and logistic regression analysis were employed for statistical analysis. Results: Response rate was 92.48% (971/1,050). Outpatients' sociodemographic characteristics (including sex, age, occupation, monthly income, residence, and marital status) were related to various subtypes of satisfaction to varying degrees. Outpatients who were male, older, married, with low or middle incomes, living in Shanghai or other areas of the People's Republic of China, medical staff, or students were more satisfied with various subtypes of satisfaction than those without these characteristics. In further analyses, satisfaction with their medical needs being met by doctors had the strongest relation to overall satisfaction, followed by satisfaction with doctors' service attitudes, medical costs, waiting time, prescription, and diagnosis and treatment time. Satisfaction with environment had the weakest contribution to overall satisfaction. Conclusion: This study gave some suggestions for tertiary hospitals in advanced areas of the People's Republic of China. Outpatient sociodemographic characteristics should be paid more attention by medical staff to improve the degree of satisfaction. Tertiary hospitals in the People's Republic of China should provide more support on the management of doctors, medical costs, and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selection and cultivation process of Taisi No.2 was introduced and a comparative test was conducted in 2008-2009. During 2010-2011, multiple-site tests were made, with production test and demonstration. The results indicated that yield of Taisi No.2 was higher compared with Wenling Baisigua. Furthermore, Taisi No.2 performed better in quality, commercial value, disease-tolerance and resistance. It is important to prepare work on cultivating strong seedlings, transplanting, strengthening fertilizer and water management, leading vine growth, timely harvest and disease prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), WHO recommends that the first dose of hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine be given within 24 hours after birth. This presents a challenge in remote areas with limited cold-chain infrastructure and where many children are born at home. Methods Rural townships in three counties in China's Hunan Province were randomized into three groups with different strategies for delivery of the first dose of HepB vaccine. In group 1, vaccine was stored within the cold chain and administered in township hospitals. In group 2, vaccine was stored out of the cold chain in villages and administered by village-based health workers to infants at home. Group 3 used the same strategy as group 2, but vaccine was packaged in a prefilled injection device. Training of immunization providers and public communication conveying the importance of the birth dose was performed for all groups. Findings Among children born at home, timely administration (within 24 hours after birth) of the first dose of HepB vaccine increased in all groups after the study: group 1, from 2.4% to 25.2%; group 2, from 2.6% to 51.8%; and group 3, from 0.6% to 66.7%; P < 0.001 in each case. No significant difference in antibody response to vaccine was observed between the groups. Conclusion Timely administration of the first dose of HepB vaccine was improved by communication and training activities, and by out-of-cold-chain storage of vaccine and administration at the village level, especially among children born at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]