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Aim: To analyse the risk factors for falls in vascular patients and methods to mitigate fall risk in hospitalised patients receiving vascular surgery. Design: This study is a multicentre, retrospective study. Methods: A total of 112 inpatients that underwent vascular surgery in five hospitals in Shanxi Province from April 2018 to April 2022 were selected. They were divided into two groups according to whether they had fallen or not; 56 patients who fell were taken as the observation group and 56 patients who did not fall were taken as the control group. The risk factors of falls were analysed by univariate and logistic regression. Results: There was no significant difference between the observation and the control groups in male patients and the incidence of falls without family members. In the observation group, the percentage of patients aged ≥65 years old, with a history of falls and/or fractures, long‐term medications and a history of osteoporosis was higher than in the control group and showed a statistically significant difference. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, a history of falls and fractures, long‐term medications and a history of osteoporosis were independent risk factors for falls, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Older age, a history of falls and/or fractures, continuous medication for more than 3 months and a history of osteoporosis are the risk factors for falls in hospitalised patients undergoing vascular surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the utility of urinary misfolded proteins (MP) in predicting preeclampsia (PE) in high-risk twin pregnancies., Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 600 high-risk twin pregnancies at Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from March to August 2021. Clinical data were collected, and urinary MP levels were measured. Subsequently, fetal outcomes were monitored. The patients were categorized into three groups based on the presence of PE: unaffected PE group, early-onset PE (ePE) group (gestational age < 34 weeks), and late-onset PE (lPE) group (gestational age ≥ 34 weeks). The predictive value of MP in PE was evaluated using analysis of variance, Chi-square test, and ROC curve analysis., Results: A total of 464 twin pregnancies were included in the study, among which 66 cases (14.2%) developed PE, including 19 cases of ePE (4.1%) and 47 cases (10.1%) of lPE. Significant differences were found in maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), BMI ≥ 28 km/m 2 , mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), MAP ≥ 85 mmHg, history of PE, history of chronic hypertension, and positive urine protein. The maternal and fetal complications of twin pregnancies with PE were higher than those without PE (P < 0.05). When maternal factors (MF), MAP, and MP were used to predict ePE and lPE alone, the area under the ROC curve of MF was the largest, at 0.739 (95% CI 0.619-0.860) and 0.692 (95% CI 0.603-0.782), respectively. The area under the ROC curve of the combination of the three factors was 0.770 (95% CI 0.703-0.837), higher than that of a single index. In addition, MP predicted the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of PE from 12 to 15 +6 gestational weeks as 57.9% and 89.2%, respectively; from 16 to 27 +6 gestational weeks as 36.2% and 89.9%, respectively; and during the 12-27 +6 gestational weeks as 42.4% and 92.2%, respectively., Conclusion: The detection of MP in the urine of women with twin pregnancies is a non-invasive and convenient method for predicting PE. If the test result is positive, enhanced monitoring and timely transfer to a superior hospital are necessary. If the test result is negative, it indicates a low risk of developing PE, reducing the need for excessive clinical examination and intervention., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors have stated explicitly that there are no conflicts of interest in connection with this article Ethical approval: The study was approved by the ethics committee of Tongji University (registration number: 2018yxy13), and informed consent was obtained from the patients., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: The aim of the present study was to explore the incidence and risk factors of, and summarize the involved pathogens in, neonates with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the authors' neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to determine the effective strategies for prevention. Methods: A retrospective case-control study including 117 VAP patients and 232 controls was conducted from January 2002 to July 2008. The antibiotics sensitivity spectrum was determined on quantitative microbiological evaluation. Multiple logistic regression and Cox model analysis were performed to determine independent and accumulative risk factors for VAP. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that birthweight, mechanical ventilation (MV), parenteral alimentation, dexamethasone and other respiratory disease were associated with the development of VAP. The cumulative risk for developing VAP increased over the duration of stay in the NICU. The most common isolated bacteria of the pathogen spectrum in VAP were Klebsiella spp. (33/146), Acinetobacter baumannii (26/146), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18/146) and Staphylococcus aureus(13/146). Meanwhile, we found that previous use of antibiotics before VAP diagnosis was not associated with the onset of VAP. Conclusions: The daily risk for VAP increases with duration of stay in the NICU after ventilation. Drug-resistant bacteria are common pathogens for neonatal VAP in the authors' NICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]