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As one of the important forces promoting the development of the marine economy, the marine biomedical industry (MBI) shows typical knowledge and technology-intensive characteristics. It is of great significance to explore the industrial innovation dynamic mechanism for breaking through the bottleneck of innovative development as well as achieving high-quality development. This paper constructed a system dynamics model for scientific and technological innovation (STI) in the MBI and then explored the dynamic mechanism of STI in the industry through simulation. The study found that, in the innovation environment subsystem, the two factors of the intellectual property protection intensity and the government's scientific research funding input had the most significant positive driving effects on STI of the MBI; the promotion of government education funding input showed a significant strengthening trend over time, while the marine environmental regulation intensity had comparatively little effect on the level of STI. In the subsystem of innovation input, both innovation funding input and innovation personnel input were the direct driving forces for the improvement of the STI level. And enterprises played a dominant role in STI because the STI level of the MBI was more sensitive to the changes in enterprise innovation input. Compared with the individual factor input, the synergistic promotion effect of multiple factors is more significant. In addition, it was found that there was a low conversion rate of scientific research achievements in China's MBI by analyzing the influence of various factors changing on technological output and economic output. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions in order to provide theoretical support and a practical basis for promoting the technological innovation level of China's MBI as well as references for other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The significant impact of high levels of green finance penetration on the development of the sports industry is evident, contributing to its comprehensive and high-quality growth across multiple dimensions. After analyzing the current state of the sports industry in China, data from 31 provincial-level administrative regions between 2008 and 2021 were carefully selected. An evaluation index system was established to assess the development of green finance and the high-quality development of the sports industry. The entropy method was applied to measure the levels of green finance and the quality of sports industry development in different regions. Empirical research demonstrates a statistically significant and positive relationship between green finance and the highquality development of the sports industry, reaching a significance level of 1%. Nonetheless, there are still several challenges and areas for improvement within the realm of green finance and the sports industry's high-quality development. To propel the sports industry's growth under the umbrella of green finance, efforts should be focused on expediting the enhancement and construction of green finance, utilizing it effectively to empower the sports industry, staying attuned to the trends and dynamics of green finance development, as well as fostering a congenial environment for its further advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for <1% of all male carcinomas. Lack of prospective data, the current therapy for MBC is based on retrospective analysis or information that is extrapolated from studies of female patients. We constructed a nomogram model for predicting the overall survival (OS) of MBC patients and verify its feasibility using data from China. Methods: Constructed a predictive model using 1224 MBC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry between 2010 and 2015. The performance of the model was externally validated between 2002 to 2021 using 44 MBC patients from the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital. The independent prognostic factors were selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The nomogram was constructed to predict individual survival outcomes for MBC patients. The discriminative power, calibration, and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram were evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: A total of 1224 male breast cancer patients were in the training cohort and 44 in the validation cohort. T status (p<0.001), age at diagnosis (p<0.001), histologic grade (p=0.008), M status (p<0.001), ER status (p=0.001), Her2 status (p=0.019), chemotherapy (p=0.015) were independently associated with OS. The diagnostic performance of this model was evaluated and validated using ROC curves on the training and validation datasets. In the training cohort, the nomogram-predicted AUC value was 0.786 for 3-year OS and 0.767 for 5-year OS. In the validation cohort, the nomogram-predicted AUC value was 0.893 for 3-year OS and 0.895 for 5-year OS. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was more benefit than the AJCC stage. Conclusions: We developed a nomogram that predicts 3-year and 5-year survival in MBC patients. Validation using bootstrap sampling revealed optimal discrimination and calibration, suggesting that the nomogram may have clinical utility. The results remain reproducible in the validation cohort which included Chinese data. The model was superior to the AJCC stage system as shown in the decision curve analysis (DCA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of a city is not only a long-term process of material environment construction, but also a long-term process of cultural development and civilization accumulation. The essence of a city is that the city can provide people with a high-quality lifestyle: "valuable, meaningful, tasteful, dignified and dreamy". When a city's material civilization is built to a certain extent, the excessive materialization needs cultural harmony to be more perfect. The Capital of Culture in East Asia has rich cultural resources, and also excellent tourist cities. The core task of building the Capital of Culture in East Asia is to protect and utilize cultural resources fully, and promote the regeneration of urban cultural resources and cultural development. This study used research data derived from the relevant statistics officially released by the cities, and mainly using the case study with the Capital of Culture in East Asia in China as the example. Previous studies have shown that the realization of a city's cultural value is first to promote the regional development of the urban culture, so as to allow the residents to establish "Asian awareness" and "Asian vision", promote the development of urban culture in life, and increase opportunities for host and guest participation. On this basis, the spatial carrier of urban culture production, trade and consumption is built through the construction of urban culture space and the production of space. Finally, through the implementation of a brand strategy for the Capital of Culture in East Asia, the city's cultural space, cultural taste and consumption level will be improved, the city brand based on local culture and regional culture will be built, and its competitiveness will be achieved on both regional and global levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to global public health. However, vaccinations have been largely undervalued as a method to hinder AMR progression. This study examined the AMR impact of increasing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage in China. China has one of the world's highest rates of antibiotic use and low PCV coverage. We developed an agent-based DREAMR (Dynamic Representation of the Economics of AMR) model to examine the health and economic benefits of slowing AMR against commonly used antibiotics. We simulated PCV coverage, pneumococcal infections, antibiotic use, and AMR accumulation. Four antibiotics to treat pneumococcal diseases (penicillin, amoxicillin, third-generation cephalosporins, and meropenem) were modeled with antibiotic utilization, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics factored into predicting AMR accumulation. Three PCV coverage scenarios were simulated over 5 y: 1) status quo with no change in coverage, 2) scaled coverage increase to 99% in 5 y, and 3) accelerated coverage increase to 85% over 2 y followed by 3 y to reach 99% coverage. Compared to the status quo, we found that AMR against penicillin, amoxicillin, and third-generation cephalosporins was significantly reduced by 6.6%, 10.9%, and 9.8% in the scaled scenario and by 10.5%, 17.0%, and 15.4% in the accelerated scenario. Cumulative costs due to AMR, including direct and indirect costs to patients and caretakers, were reduced by $371 million in the scaled and $586 million in the accelerated scenarios compared to the status quo. AMR-reducing benefits of vaccines are essential to quantify in order to drive appropriate investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Despite high population immunity, pertussis remains one of the leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) and diphtheria among the adult male population leaving or entering China. Methodology: Blood samples were obtained from 240 Chinese and 207 African healthy adults that were leaving and entering China, respectively. Serum IgG antibodies against PT (anti-PT IgG) and diphtheria were determined. Results: The mean concentration of anti-PT IgG antibodies was 13.82 IU/mL and 18.11 IU/mL for the leaving and entering populations, respectively. None of the studied Chinese leaving China were seropositive for pertussis. Of the 240 subjects leaving China, 209 (87.1%) had anti-diphtheria antibody concentrations of = 0.1 IU/mL and 31 (12.9%) had antibody concentrations between 0.01 and 0.099 IU/mL. Eleven (5.31%) of the studied Africans entering China had anti-PT IgG antibodies higher than 30 IU/mL and thus were considered seropositive for pertussis. Of the 207 Africans entering China, antibody concentrations of = 0.1 IU/mL were found in 164 subjects (79.2%) while 43 (20.8%) had antibody concentrations between 0.01 and 0.099 IU/mL. Conclusions: Almost all Chinese adult men leaving China and most African men entering China have very low serum antibody levels of pertussis. Furthermore, the antibody level of diphtheria among these two populations was low among adults. A larger population study is needed to determine whether booster vaccinations against pertussis and diphtheria should be considered for adults in China and also for Africans entering China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of yogurt supplementation on the growth of preschool children in Beijing suburbs. Methods Four hundred and two preschool children (217 males, 185 females), aged 3-5 years, whose height for age and/or weight for age were less than the reference level, were selected as subjects from 7 kindergartens in Beijing Fangshan District. The subjects were divided randomly into control group (CG, 201) and yogurt supplemented group (YG, 201). Each subject in YG was given one serving of yogurt (125 g) for 5 days a week from March to December in 2001, while nothing additional was provided to CG. All subjects kept their usual diet during the study. Anthropometry (body height and weight and upper-arm circumference) and the bone mineral density (BMD) of forearm were measured every 3 months. Disease status and dietary intake were also recorded and assessed. Results The intake of calcium, zinc, and vitamin B2 in YG was significantly higher than that in CG. The incidence and duration of upper-respiratory infection and diarrhea of children in YG were significantly less than those in CG. The height gain of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 3,6, and 9 months (P<0.05) (1.90±0.49 cm vs 1.77±0.54 cm, 3.83±0.57 cm vs 3.64±0.66 cm and 5.43±0.69 cm vs 5.24±0.76 cm, respectively). The weight gain of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 3, 6, and 9 months (P<0.05) (0.70±0.43 kg vs 0.49±0.3 5 kg, 0.98±0.62 kg vs 0.80±0.60 kg and 1.42±0.76 kg vs 1.20±0.67 kg, respectively). The BMD of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 9 months (P<0.05) (0.415±0.058 g/cm² vs 0.400±0.065 g/cm²). Conclusion Yogurt is beneficial to the improvement of calcium, zinc, and vitamin B2 intake, the decreasing of the incidence and duration of upper-respiratory infection and diarrhea, and the promotion of the health and the growth and development of preschool children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the age- and sex-specific incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in Harbin, China, based on the information from a prospective survey among a well-defined large population during one year. A network of physicians reported incident patients with a GBS diagnosis from a general population of 5.4 million inhabitants in Harbin, China, during the period from 1 October 1997 to 30 September 1998. Each reported patient was examined by senior neurologists and the GBS diagnosis was validated according to standard diagnostic criteria. All GBS patients were followed-up for six months after onset. Admission registers at all hospitals in Harbin were also checked afterwards for screening patients with a GBS diagnosis who might have been missed. During the study period, 79 patients with a GBS diagnosis were reported. After validation, the GBS diagnosis was confirmed in 70 patients. Another GBS patient was found through the screening of admission registers at hospitals. Among them, 36 GBS patients were residents in Harbin and the other 35 patients were from geographical areas out of Harbin. The GBS incidence, age-adjusted to the European standard population, was 0.66 (95 % CI 0.46–0.91) per 100,000 person-years, with a male to female ratio of 1.4. The highest GBS incidence was found in the youngest age-group and the incidence among the elderly was remarkably lower than those reported from other populations in Western countries. Possible explanations for the distinct pattern of age-specific incidence of GBS are discussed. Further studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with mental disorder, little is known about its potential effects on children and adolescents, especially in Chinese population. We aimed to reveal the relationship of air pollutants with hospital outpatient visits for child and adolescence psychiatry (HOVCAP) in Shenzhen., Methods: A case-crossover study based on time-series data was applied, and a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the non-linear and delayed effects of 4 major air pollutants (NO 2 , PM 2.5 , SO 2 and O 3 ) on HOVCAP. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to control the multicollinearity between covariates and to filter variables., Result: A total of 94,660 cases aged 3-18 were collected from 2014 to 2019 in the Mental Health Center of Shenzhen. Results of pollutants at mode value (M 0 ) showed that in the single lag effect result, when the average daily concentration of NO 2 at 24 μg/m 3 , there was a significant effect on HOVCAP over lag 1, lag 4 and lag 5, respectively. The cumulative RR of NO 2 M 0 value to the outpatient visits were 1.438 (1.137-1.818) over lag 0-2, 1.454 (1.120-1.887) over lag 0-3, 1.466 (1.084-1.982) over lag 0-4, 1.680 (1.199-2.354) over lag 0-5, 1.993 (1.369-2.903) over lag 0-6, and 2.069 (1.372-3.119) over lag 0-7. However, PM 2.5 , SO 2 , O 3 were not associated with HOVCAP over neither single lag effects nor cumulative effects. The RR values both shown an increase either when NO 2 increases by 10 units or when the maximum concentration of NO 2 is reached., Conclusion: Our study suggests that exposure to the normal air quality of NO2 in Shenzhen may associated with the risk of HOVCAP. However, PM2.5, SO2, O3 were not associated with HOVCAP., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Analyzing the landscape spatial layout and evolution characteristics of built-up land in a mining city is helpful to solve the environment problem, and can provide scientific basis for optimizing the urban land structure and taking timely intervention measures for transformation. Taking Datong, a typical mining city as the case, we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of landscape of built-up land based on the spatial distribution data of built-up land from 1986 to 2018 with the landscape index analysis method, and detected the landscape change period with graphs obtained by Fourier transform and wavelet transform. The results showed that, during the study period, the area of built-up land in Datong City increased continually, with the growth rate gradually slowing down and the extent spreading from a "northeast-southwest" belt zone to the east. The fragmentation and complexity of the landscape pattern were increasing. The physical connectivity gradually decreased, while functional connectivity alternated between high and low values. The space expansion of Datong City and the fragmentation and complication of landscape pattern of its built-up land may all have a cycle of about 35 years, while the functional connectivity had a longer cycle than the physical connectivity.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a serious threat to global public health. However, vaccinations have been largely undervalued as a method to hinder AMR progression. This study examined the AMR impact of increasing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) coverage in China. China has one of the world's highest rates of antibiotic use and low PCV coverage. We developed an agent-based DREAMR (Dynamic Representation of the Economics of AMR) model to examine the health and economic benefits of slowing AMR against commonly used antibiotics. We simulated PCV coverage, pneumococcal infections, antibiotic use, and AMR accumulation. Four antibiotics to treat pneumococcal diseases (penicillin, amoxicillin, third-generation cephalosporins, and meropenem) were modeled with antibiotic utilization, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics factored into predicting AMR accumulation. Three PCV coverage scenarios were simulated over 5 y: 1) status quo with no change in coverage, 2) scaled coverage increase to 99% in 5 y, and 3) accelerated coverage increase to 85% over 2 y followed by 3 y to reach 99% coverage. Compared to the status quo, we found that AMR against penicillin, amoxicillin, and third-generation cephalosporins was significantly reduced by 6.6%, 10.9%, and 9.8% in the scaled scenario and by 10.5%, 17.0%, and 15.4% in the accelerated scenario. Cumulative costs due to AMR, including direct and indirect costs to patients and caretakers, were reduced by $371 million in the scaled and $586 million in the accelerated scenarios compared to the status quo. AMR-reducing benefits of vaccines are essential to quantify in order to drive appropriate investment., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.

Primary pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is rare, and the optimal frontline treatment has not taken shape so far. It is still debatable whether the watch-and-wait (W&W) policy is beneficial to patients, especially in the early stage. This study was to compare the efficacy of W&W with rituximab single agent or combined chemotherapy (R/R-Chemo) on primary pulmonary MALT patients with localized disease. Clinical characters and effect on 28 patients with primary pulmonary MALT (IE phase) were analyzed. Among the 28 patients, 14 were grouped into W&W cohort, and 14 were immediately treated with R/R-Chemo. The median follow-up duration was 62 months. The estimated median time to treatment failure (TTF) in the W&W cohort and immediate R/R-Chemo cohort was 29 months and 59 months, which were not significantly different (P = 0.667). The estimated median time of overall survival (OS) in the W&W cohort and immediate R/R-Chemo cohort was 78 months and 76 months, which were also not statistically significant (P = 0.696). Concerning prognosis, there is no difference between patients with primary pulmonary MALT (IE phase) treated with W&W and with timely R/R-Chemo.

The present study aimed to investigate the long-term and perioperative outcomes of precise hepatic pedicle dissection in anatomical resection (precise AR) vs non-anatomical resection (NAR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.Data from a total of 270 consecutive HCC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy were retrospectively collected. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. The long-term outcomes of precise AR and NAR were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model.The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 90.3%, 76.2%, and 65.7% in the PS-precise AR group, respectively (n = 103); and 88.3%, 70.5%, and 52.0% in the PS-NAR group, respectively (n = 103) (P = .043). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 83.4%, 63.2%, and 46.0% in the PS-precise AR group, respectively; and 75.7%, 47.4%, and 28.3% in the PS-NAR group, respectively (P = .002). Multivariate analysis showed that ICG-R15, BCLC staging, and microvascular invasion (MVI) were independent risk factors for OS; while tumor size, types of resection, surgical margin, and MVI were independent risk factors for RFS. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RFS rate was significantly better in the PS-precise AR group than in the PS-NAR group for patients with MVI and tumor size ≤5 cm.After PSM, precise hepatic pedicle dissection in AR significantly improved the recurrence-free survival rate of solitary HCC patients compared with NAR, especially in those with MVI and tumor size ≤5 cm.

Background: To report on the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operation for obesity on measures of adiposity, insulin secretion and sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and improvement in diabetic control in Chinese patients., Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 152 participants (81% with diabetes) who were recruited for bariatric operation., Results: Mean body mass index was decreased by 18.1% from 30.31 ± 5.38 kg/m 2 at baseline to 24.45 ± 3.79 kg/m 2 at 2 years (P < .001). Indices of insulin secretion, including serum c-peptide (both fasted and at various time points during an oral glucose tolerance test) improved at the 3-year follow-up, with a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis., Conclusion: The effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 3 years postoperative on adiposity were paralleled by a significant improvement in insulin secretion and sensitivity, and glucose tolerance., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Porphyria is a group of disorders caused by the accumulation of porphyrin and porphyrin precursors due to the abnormalities in certain enzymes that normally participate in the production of haem. We report a case of a woman with severe menstruation-related abdominal pain, hyponatraemia, and psychiatric symptoms. Excessive porphobilinogen was found in her urine. A new mutation in intron 2 (IVS2-2Ag→G), which had never previously been reported in patients with porphyria or in healthy Chinese population, was identified in the heterozygous state in the patient and her mother.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of husbands' gender equity awareness on wives' reproductive health in rural areas of China., Methods: A qualitative study of 1919 wives aged from 18 to 69 years and their husbands was conducted in rural China. Data were collected through 3838 structured interviews. We quantified "belief in gender equity" based on responses to 7 specific statements and graded the responses according to a system scoring the strength of the overall belief (a total score 19 or higher, strong; 15-18, moderate; and 14 or less, weak). Data were recorded by bi-input with EpiData 3.1 after being carefully checked. χ(2) tests and logistic regression were performed in this study., Results: Only 20.0% of the husbands demonstrated strong convictions about gender equity. Husbands' gender equity awareness is related to wives' receiving any prenatal care, the number of prenatal visits to a healthcare provider, having a hospital delivery of a newborn, and having gynecological examination one time per year., Conclusion: Raising husbands' gender awareness on wives' reproductive health and reducing female illiteracy were very necessary. The whole community should participate actively in the progress of reproductive health promotion. China's Health System requires an integration of its various sectors, including family planning, maternal and child care in resource sharing, and service delivery., Target Audience: Obstetricians & gynecologists., Learning Objectives: After completing this CME activity, physicians should be better able to evaluate the impact of husbands' gender equity awareness on wives' reproductive health in rural areas of China; assess how raising husbands' gender awareness on wives' reproductive health and reducing female illiteracy will improve wives' reproductive health; and analyze how China's Health System can integrate its various sectors, including family planning, maternal, and childcare in resource sharing, and service delivery, to improve wives' reproductive health.