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Six different fermented vegetables were collected from Zhejiang Province, China, to explore the associated bacterial community using a high-throughput sequencing platform. A total of 24 phyla, 274 families and 569 genera were identified from 6 samples. Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the main phyla in all of the samples. Brevibacterium was the major genus in Xiaoshan pickled radish. Lactobacillus-related genera and Vibrio were the major genera in fermented potherb mustard and its brine. Enterobacter and Cobetia were the major genera in fermented radish and its brine. Chromohalobacter was the major genus in the tuber mustard. These results indicated clear differences were there between the bacterial genera present in Xiaoshan pickled radish, fermented potherb mustard, fermented radish, and tuber mustard. This demonstrated the possible influences of raw materials and manufacturing processes. Furthermore, a large number of lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified by culture-dependent and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, which accounted for more than 68% of all the isolates. In addition, whole-genome analysis of Levilactobacillus suantsaii, Latilactobacillus sakei subsp. sakei, and Weissella cibaria showed that they had large numbers of genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism. This may explain why these three bacterial strains can grow in fermented vegetable environments., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

This study aims to investigate spatial distribution, contamination and origin of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co and Cr) in surface sediments of Jangsong tidal flat (JTF), Kangryong river estuary, DPR Korea, where has been affected by various mining activities. The spatial diverse of heavy metals are due to differences in their sources and sediment properties. Enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index and ecological risk indexes indicate that JTF is not polluted and has low ecological risk, although slight enrichments occur for some metals. Multivariate analyses revealed that Mn, Ni and Cr originated from lithogenic source, whereas other metals were of anthropogenic origin, among which Fe and Co originated from the iron mine settling pond near JTF, while Pb, Zn and Cu originated from AMD effluent by sulfide mining activity in catchment of JTF. The different transport mechanisms of heavy metals from AMD result in diverse distribution of the metals in JTF., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: To compare Pap screening in the previous 3 years among subgroups of Asian American women, aged 18 to 65 years., Design: Analysis of data from the 2001 and 2003 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS), a cross-sectional population-based telephone survey., Main Measures: The survey elicited information from major Asian subgroups, including Chinese, Filipina, Japanese, Korean, South Asian, and Vietnamese. Surveys were administered in several languages, including Mandarin, Cantonese, Korean, and Vietnamese. Employing the Andersen behavioral model of health services utilization, this study fits logistic regression models to identify correlates of Pap screening within and across Asian American subgroups. These analyses use time living in the United States and English proficiency as acculturation measures., Results: There were different independent correlates of Pap test receipt for the six Asian subgroups. English proficiency and income were independently associated with Pap screening among only one subgroup; education, time in the US, and insurance among three; and age and usual source of care among four subgroups. Unmarried women were more likely to report not having a Pap test in the past three years across all six subgroups., Conclusions: Based on these differences, programs and policies targeting the health of Asian American women should consider tailoring interventions to match the needs of different ethnic groups. Specifically, program materials should strive to be both culturally sensitive and linguistically appropriate for all target populations.