28 results on '"Lei Wu"'
Search Results
2. Genome-Wide Association Mapping of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight Spread and Deoxynivalenol Accumulation in Chinese Elite Wheat Germplasm.
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Lei Wu, Yu Zhang, Yi He, Peng Jiang, Xu Zhang, and Hongxiang Ma
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WHEAT , *GERMPLASM , *DEOXYNIVALENOL , *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms , *FUSARIUM - Abstract
Improving resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat is crucial in the integrated management of the disease and prevention of deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in grains. To identify novel sources of resistance, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using a panel of 213 accessions of elite wheat germplasm of China. The panel was evaluated for FHB severity in four environments and DON content in grains in two environments. High correlations across environments and high heritability were observed for FHB severity and DON content in grains. The panel was also genotyped with the 90K lllumina iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and 11,461 SNP markers were obtained. The GWAS revealed a total of six and three loci significantly associated with resistance to fungal spread and DON accumulation in at least two environments, respectively. QFHB-2BL. 1 tagged by IWB52433 and QFHB-3A tagged by IWB50548 were responsible for resistance to both fungal spread and DON accumulation. In summary, this study provided an overview of FHB resistance resources in elite Chinese wheat germplasm and identified novel resistance loci that could be used for wheat improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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3. Spiradiclis karstana (Rubiaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China.
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Lei Wu, Xiong Li, Wen-Jian Liu, and Quan-Ru Liu
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SPECIES , *INSECT anatomy , *INFLORESCENCES , *RUBIACEAE - Abstract
Spiradiclis karstana, a new species of Spiradiclis (Rubiaceae) collected from Yunnan, China, is described for the first time. It is morphologically close to S. jingxiensis, but differs from the latter mainly by its inflorescences with 5-9 flowers, its 1.5-2.4 mm long peduncles, its stipules shorter than 1 mm and the 5-12 pairs of secondary veins. The conservation status is assessed as "Vulnerable" (VU) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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4. Strategies of Preschool Teachers' Professional Growth in Underdeveloped Region in the East China- A Case Study of Linyi City, Shandong Province.
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Lei Wu, Jiachun Zhao, and Yuhan Yang
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PRESCHOOL education , *PROFESSIONAL education , *PRESCHOOL teachers , *KINDERGARTEN children , *VOCATIONAL education - Abstract
With more emphases laid on preschool education in China, infant education as the weak link of basic education has attracted much attention. In the underdeveloped areas, infant education is the weakest part of basic education, promoting the professional development of preschool teachers, which has become the key to improving the level of early childhood education. In this paper, we take Linyi region as the example of core area of Yimeng Mountain Range to study the strategies of preschool teachers' profession growing. By the ways of the investigation and in-depth interviews, we found the prominent problems, such as little investment in preschool education, backwardness in the educational ideas and the large mobility of teachers in Linyi. In response to this situation, this case proposes the strategies for the kindergarten teachers' professional development from the perspective of teachers' growing process in underdeveloped areas for the first time: under the premise of increasing the investment in infant education from the government, the education authorities select the kindergarten teacher with strong sense of infant education into induction, and strengthen the vocational training education from experts and learn by organizing learning communities of new and old teachers, so as to promote the professional growth of preschool teachers. These strategies have certain referential significance for the rapid development of infant education under the circumstance of collaboration with the government, schools and teachers in underdeveloped coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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5. Health-Related Quality of Life of Low-Socioeconomic-Status Populations in Urban China.
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Lei Wu and Huiping Zhang
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SOCIAL classes , *CITY dwellers , *CONTROL (Psychology) , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CHI-squared test , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ECONOMICS , *HEALTH status indicators , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITY of life , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *SCALE analysis (Psychology) , *SELF-evaluation , *SOCIAL case work , *STATISTICS , *SURVEYS , *T-test (Statistics) , *DATA analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *DATA analysis software , *CLUSTER sampling - Abstract
Previous researchers had not yet examined the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in urban China. The present study attempts to assess HRQOL of lower-SES populations in urban China in comparison with middle- and high-SES populations, and then to examine the mediating role of sense of control between SES and HRQOL. A national representative sample of 1,856 participants responded to the HRQOL survey using the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), conducted by the Chinese General Social Survey research team in 2010. The results showed that lower-SES populations reported lower HRQOL than middle- and high-SES populations. Sense of control could partially mediate the association between social class and HRQOL. These findings will generate significant policy and practice implications for identifying those at particular risk for lower HRQOL and, accordingly, suggesting ways to improve their HRQOL through specific social work interventions in urban China's context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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6. The effect of a very brief smoking-reduction intervention in smokers who have no intention to quit: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
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Lei Wu, Yao He, Bin Jiang, Di Zhang, Hui Tian, Fang Zuo, Tai Hing Lam, and Yee Tak Derek Cheung
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HEALTH care intervention (Social services) , *SMOKING cessation , *HOSPITALS , *CIGARETTE smokers , *PUBLIC health , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,TOBACCO & health - Abstract
Background: Tobacco use is one of the most common preventable causes of death, but more than half of the Chinese men still use tobacco products. Moreover, 63.6% of Chinese smokers have stated that they would not consider quitting. Specialized and intensive smoking-cessation services are too expensive and passive to have major clinical and public health impacts in developing countries like China. Smoking cessation medications are not covered by medical insurance, and their high price prevents Chinese smokers from using them. Brief interventions are needed to provide cost-effective and timesaving tobacco dependence treatments in China mainland. Methods/design: We describe a two-arm randomized controlled trial for smokers who have no intention to quit. The project will be conducted in outpatient clinics at a large hospital in Beijing, China. Both arms include one face-to-face interview plus five follow-up interventions. Each intervention will last approximately one minute. Subjects allocated to the smoking-reduction intervention arm (SRI) will be advised to reduce smoking consumption to at least half of their current consumption level within the next month. All subjects in the SRI will be warned to bear in mind that an attempt to reduce smoking is an intermediate step before complete cessation. Smokers who have successfully reduced their smoking consumption will be encouraged to completely cease smoking. Controls are subjects allocated to the exercise- and diet-advice arm (EDA) and will be given advice about healthy diet and physical activity, but the advice will not include smoking cessation or reduction. Data collection will be done at baseline and at each follow-up interview using standardized questionnaires. The primary outcomes include self-reported and biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence and prolonged abstinence rates at 12-month follow-up. Discussion: We expect that an intention to quit in smoking outpatients can be motivated by physicians in the clinic setting. If this very brief smoking-reduction intervention can be demonstrated to have a positive impact on long-term smoking cessation, this strategy has the potential to be a viable and acceptable approach and may be used widely in China and elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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7. Assessment of Herbicide Transport and Distribution in Subsurface Environments of an Orange Field.
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Lei Wu, Xiao-yi Ma, and Xia Liu
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HERBICIDE analysis , *SUBIRRIGATION , *PESTICIDES , *SOIL erosion , *MATHEMATICAL models , *MANAGEMENT ,SAN Xia Reservoir (China) - Abstract
The demand for assessing both the variability of risk areas and the intensity of pollutant load rates on pesticide transferring to waters in China has been increasingly vigorous in recent decades. Therefore, to explore the transport of linuron with rainfall and irrigation in canopy-soil systems, an integrated pesticide transport modeling system has been selected and verified for simulating the three-phase linuron environmental fate in an orange field of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) area. Results demonstrate that spatio-temporal distributions of linuron in surface soil primarily depend on its properties, rainfall, irrigation, and its applications; the peak levels of linuron in subsurface and deep soil are closely related to the cumulative and delayed effects. The findings may be used for policy supporting of soilwater- crop-pesticide management in an agricultural field of the TGR area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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8. Aristolochia huanjiangensis (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China.
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Lei Wu, Wei-Bin Xu, Guo-Fu Wei, and Yan Liu
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ARISTOLOCHIACEAE , *ARISTOLOCHIA , *PLANT species , *PLANTS , *BOTANY - Abstract
Aristolochia huanjiangensis (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, southern China, is described and illustrated. It is compared with the two most similar species A. scytophylla and A. fangchi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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9. Current status, problems and control strategies of water resources pollution in China.
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Lei Wu, Tong Qi, Dan Li, Huijuan Yang, Guoqing Liu, Xiao-yi Ma, and Jian-en Gao
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WATER pollution , *WATERSHEDS , *EUTROPHICATION , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection , *INDUSTRIAL pollution , *FOODBORNE diseases , *WATER & the environment - Abstract
The surface water of 10 major river systems across China has been under intermediate pollution with striking eutrophication problems in major lakes (reservoirs). More data from the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China showed that underground water in 57% of monitoring sites across Chinese cities was polluted or extremely polluted. Rural water pollution, the rising number of incidents of industrial pollution, outdated sewerage systems, and the overuse of pesticides and chemical fertilizers also endanger the health of rural inhabitants in China. Nearly 0.2 billion rural residents could not use drinking water in accordance with the national standard, and there were reports of 'cancer villages' and food-borne diseases (cancer village refers to a village where a certain proportion of its inhabitants suffer from the same kind of cancer or where there is a hike in cancer incidence in that area). This study aims to raise awareness of the prevention and control of water pollution and to propose a set of national research and policy initiatives for the future safety of the water environment in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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10. Briggsia damingshanensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China.
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Lei Wu, Bo Pan, Jin-Cai Yang, and Wei-Bin Xu
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GESNERIACEAE , *TUBIFLORAE , *PETIOLES , *LEAVES - Abstract
Briggsia damingshanensis L. Wu & B. Pan is described and illustrated as a new species of Gesneriaceae from Guangxi, China. It is similar to B. dongxingensis, but differs in its densely glandular-pubescent ovary, inconspicuous or absent bracts, pendulous and very slender peduncle, and sparsely pubescent stem and petiole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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11. The simulation research of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution in Xiao-Jiang watershed of Three Gorges Reservoir area.
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Lei Wu, Tian-yu Long, and Chong-ming Li
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NITROGEN , *PHOSPHORUS , *WATERSHED management , *RESERVOIR ecology , *RUNOFF , *EUTROPHICATION , *LAND use - Abstract
Xiao-jiang, with a basin area of almost 5,276km2 and a length of 182.4 km, is located in the center of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and is the largest tributary of the central section in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, farmland accounts for a large proportion of Xiao-jiang watershed, and the hilly cropland of purple soil is much of the farmland of the watershed. After the second phase of water storage in the Three Gorges Reservoir, the majority of sub-rivers in the reservoir area experienced eutrophication phenomenon frequently, and non-point source (NPS) pollution has become an important source of pollution in Xiao-jiang Watershed. Because dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus non-point source pollution are related to surface runoff and interflow, using climatic, topographic and land cover data from the internet and research institutes, the Semi-Distributed Land-use Runoff Process (SLURP) hydrological model was introduced to simulate the complete hydrological cycle of the Xiao-jiang Watershed. Based on the SLURP distributed hydrological model, non-point source pollution annual output load models of land use and rural residents were respectively established. Therefore, using GIS technology, considering the losses of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus in the course of transport, a dissolved non-point source pollution load dynamic model was established by the organic coupling of the SLURP hydrological model and land-use output model. Through the above dynamic model, the annual dissolved non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution output as well as the load in different types were simulated and quantitatively estimated from 2001 to 2008, furthermore, the loads of Xiao-jiang Watershed were calculated and expressed by temporal and spatial distribution in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. The simulation results show that: the temporal changes of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus load in the watershed are close to the inter-annual changes of rainfall runoff, and the different land-use type distribution has great impacts on the spatial changes of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus load in the watershed; The nitrogen and phosphorus load of different land-use types in size with descending order is, glebe and mixed land, paddy, grassland, urban land, forestland; however, for the phosphorus load, the unit area output load of glebe and mixed land is almost the same as for paddy fields; The output contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load from land-use accounts for 78%-85%, while the output contribution from livestock and poultry occupies 13%-20%. The established load model was verified by observation data, simulation results show that the established model is reasonable, simulation accuracy is higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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12. China or the United States: which threatens energy security?
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Lei, Wu and Xuejun, Liu
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PETROLEUM industry , *ENERGY industries , *PETROLEUM , *SECURITY systems - Abstract
As the global energy market undergoes profound changes with price of oil reaching record highs and China emerging as a major force in world energy and global energy geo-politics, a debate on what has been described as ‘China energy threat’ seems to be gaining ground in western strategic circles. However, this is an illusion that is now somewhat exaggerated and overrated. As a matter of fact, the effect of the United States on global energy security affairs is far greater than that of China, and Washington is also not always the defender of the energy security as it claims to be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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13. Two new species of Begoniaceae from China mainland.
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Daike TIAN, Hongjing WEI, Cunzhong HUANG, Lei WU, Zhilin CHEN, Zhiyou GUO, Xiaojun SUN, Songwei WANG, Qingmei GAO, and Xin LI
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NUMBERS of species , *SPECIES , *BEGONIAS - Abstract
China has an exceptional diversity in Begonia, holding the second largest number of described species in this genus at the national level. Many new taxa need to be explored and described. This paper reports two new species, Begonia ruchengensis (B. sect. Reichenheimia) and B. auritalata (B. sect. Platycentrum), from Hunan province and Guizhou province, respectively. Besides the detailed morphology description, color illustrations, and line drawings, the diagnoses of these two species distinguished from their allied taxa are provided. Their conservation statuses are evaluated according to The Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. Molecular and morphological evidence for a new species of Stachys (Lamiaceae) from Hunan, China.
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Ling Xue, Jia-Hua Cai, Min Zhan, Xiao-Ping Li, Lei Wu, and Ya-Ping Chen
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STACHYS , *RIBOSOMAL DNA , *SPECIES , *NUCLEAR DNA , *LAMIACEAE - Abstract
Stachys yingzuijieensis, a new species from western Hunan, China, is described and illustrated. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three nuclear ribosomal DNA loci (ETS, ITS and 5S-NTS) recovered S. yingzuijieensis within the Stachys clade and as a sister group of S. arrecta. The two species can be easily distinguished by the morphology of lamina, corolla and nutlet. A key to all species of Stachydeae from China is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Altered Functional Connectivity of Amygdala with the Fronto-Limbic-Striatal Circuit in Temporal Lobe Lesion as a Proposed Mechanism for Poststroke Depression.
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Xue-fei Zhang, Xia He, Lei Wu, Chu-juan Liu, and Wen Wu
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ACADEMIC medical centers , *AMYGDALOID body , *BRAIN , *CEREBRAL cortex , *CHI-squared test , *COMPARATIVE studies , *STATISTICAL correlation , *MENTAL depression , *INTERVIEWING , *LIMBIC system , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *RESEARCH methodology , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICS , *STROKE , *T-test (Statistics) , *TEMPORAL lobe , *DATA analysis , *DATA analysis software , *STROKE rehabilitation , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DISEASE complications - Abstract
Objective: Poststroke depression (PSD) is an important complication that affects stroke rehabilitation. Abnormal cortical-subcortical connectivity may be associated with the development of PSD. However, few studies have focused on the emotional network of PSD in the temporal lobe lesions. The aim of is study was to investigate amygdala-cortical functional connectivity (FC) in the temporal lobe in individuals with and without PSD. Design: Twenty-three patients with PSD and 21 stroke patients without depression were recruited to undergo functional magnetic imaging scanning. Results: In stroke patients with depression, the left amygdala had increased FC with the bilateral precuneus and right orbital frontal lobe but decreased FC with the right putamen. The right amygdala had increased FC with the right temporal pole, right rectus gyrus, and left orbital frontal lobe but decreased FC with the right primary sensory area (S1). Correlative analyses revealed that the amygdala's FCs with the right orbital frontal lobe, right insular cortex, and right cingulate cortex were correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score. Conclusion: The current study identified mood affected through the fronto-limbic-striatal circuit in PSD. Hyperconnectivity between the amygdala, default mode network, and salience network might be related to depressive symptoms, which may provide novel insight into the underlying neuropathologic mechanisms of PSD in temporal lobe lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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16. Screening results correlating to personality disorder traits in a new employee population of People's Republic of China.
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Yan Tan, Yan Liu, and Lei Wu
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ADAPTABILITY (Personality) , *SELF-actualization (Psychology) , *MENTAL health , *PERSONALITY disorders , *PATHOLOGICAL psychology - Abstract
Background: Adaptation to a new environment may have an uncertain influence on young employees, whose values are still being formed during early adulthood. To understand the current mental status and further improve the mental health level of the new employee population of People's Republic of China, we conducted a cross-sectional study to screen the prevalence and correlates of personality disorder (PD) traits in this population. Methods: This study included all male participants who were new employees (those who had started working in approximately the last three months) from 12 machinery factories in People's Republic of China. The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ was used to evaluate the mental status of all participants. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess the resilience of the study participants. Results: A total of 3,960 male participants were included in the analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 18.7±1.5 years. The mean values of all PD subtypes were scored from 0.74 to 2.90, with a total of 16.85. Of all 10 PD traits, obsessive--compulsive, histrionic, and narcissistic scored the highest. PD traits scored significantly higher among participants who had higher education levels, came from a single-parent (divorced or separated) family, were raised in a neglectful parental rearing pattern, were the only child of the family, were living in city areas, or had a lower family income. All subtype PD traits were significantly and negatively correlated with resilience. Conclusion: Education level, single-parent family, parental rearing pattern, only-child status, living place, and family income may influence the development of PD traits. Additional high-quality studies are needed to learn more about the mental health status of new employees. Optimal interventions are warranted to avoid potential adverse events in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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17. Spiradiclis liboensis (Rubiaceae), a new species from limestone mountain areas in Guizhou, China.
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Xiao-Fei Song, Wen-Jian Liu, Ao-Xue Chen, Zheng-Ming Yao, Hong-Bo Lan, and Lei Wu
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LIMESTONE , *RUBIACEAE , *SPECIES , *TUBES , *THROAT , *MOUNTAINS - Abstract
Spiradiclis liboensis L. Wu & W. J. Liu, a new species in tribe Ophiorrhizeae of Rubiaceae from limestone mountain areas of Guizhou, south-western China, is described and illustrated. It is similar to S. guangdongensis and S. jingxiensis, but differs from the latter two by the following traits: stipule triangular, inflorescence sessile or with peduncle up to 0.5 mm long, pedicel 0.8-2.2 mm long, corolla white, salverform, corolla tube 1.6-2.2 cm long, corolla tube of long-styled morph inside with a villous ring and stigmas positioned at the throat of the corolla tube. The conservation status is assessed as "Vulnerable" (VU) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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18. Spiradiclis detianensis (Rubiaceae, Ophiorrhizeae), a new species from southwestern Guangxi, China.
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Zhao-Jie Wen, Yun-Fen Huang, Yan-Hua Hu, Khang Sinh Nguyen, and Lei Wu
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RUBIACEAE , *LEAF anatomy , *SPECIES , *LIMESTONE , *KARST - Abstract
A new species of Rubiaceae, Spiradiclis detianensis is described from a limestone karst area of southwestern China. This new species is morphologically similar to S. cordata and S. spathulata. All of them have rosetted habit and long peduncles, but it differs from the former by the cuneate leaf bases (vs. basally cordate) and much longer corolla tubes (1.8-2.2 cm long vs. ca. 5 mm long), and from the latter mainly by its tubular-funnel shaped corolla (vs. slenderly salver shaped), 4.5-6.8 (vs. 1.5-2) mm in diam, inside throat and corolla densely puberulent (vs. glabrous except a ring of long hairs at the middle). It also resembles to S. tubiflora, but differs clearly by its subrosulate habit (vs. procumbent to creeping), longer leaf blades (7.0-10.5 cm vs. 0.5-2.5 cm) and longer corolla tubes (18-22 mm vs. 14-16 mm). At same time, color photos, illustrations, detailed descriptions and conservation status of the new species are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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19. Primulina gongchengensis (Gesneriaceae), a new species from Guangxi, China.
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Yu-Song Huang, Wei-Bin Xu, Lei Wu, and Yan Liu
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ANTHER , *STAMEN , *PISTIL - Abstract
Primulina gongchengensis Y.S. Huang & Yan Liu (Gesneriaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Guangxi, China. It is similar to P. macrodonta, but its leaves are densely glandular-pubescent on both surfaces, with a cuneate or broadly cuneate base and a repand or crenate margin; densely glandular-pubescent petiole and peduncle; purple corolla, with the tube ca. 1.5 cm long, 6-8 mm in diam. at the mouth; ca. 2 mm long, glabrous anthers; 3 staminodes, the lateral ones 1 mm long and the middle one 0.5 mm long; 1.5-1.8 cm long pistil; ca. 4 mm long ovary; and ca. 1 mm long stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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20. A comparison of methods for spatial relative risk mapping of human neural tube defects.
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Yi-Lan Liao, Jin-Feng Wang, Ji-Lei Wu, Jiao-Jiao Wang, and Xiao-Ying Zheng
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NEURAL tube defects , *BAYESIAN analysis , *INFANT mortality , *MEDICAL geography , *RISK assessment - Abstract
Birth defects are a major cause of infant mortality and disability in many parts of the world. Yet the etiology of neural tube defects (NTDs), the most common types of birth defects, is still unknown. The construction and analysis of maps of disease incidence data can help explain the geographical distribution of NTDs and can point to possible environmental causes of these birth defects. We compared two methods of mapping spatial relative risk of NTDs: (1) hierarchical Bayesian model, and (2) Spatial filtering method. Heshun county, which has the highest rate of NTDs in China, was selected as the region of interest. Both methods were used to produce a risk map of NTDs for rural Heshun for 1998-2001. Hierarchical Bayesian model estimated the relative risk for any given village in Heshun by 'borrowing' strength from other villages in the study region. It did not remove all the random spatial noise in the rude disease rate. There were several areas of high incidence scattered around its risk map with no readily apparent pattern. The spatial filtering method calculated the relative risk for all villages based on a series of circulars. The risk map from the spatial filtering method revealed some spatial clusters of NTDs in Heshun. These two methods differed in their ability to map the spatial relative risk of NTDs. Distributional assumption of relative risk and the target of the risk assessment should be taken into consideration when choosing which method to use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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21. The traditional herbal formulation, Jianpiyifei II, reduces pulmonary inflammation induced by influenza A virus and cigarette smoke in mice.
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Xuhua Yu, Tiantian Cai, Long Fan, Ziyao Liang, Qiuling Du, Qi Wang, Zifeng Yang, Ross Vlahos, Lei Wu, and Lin Lin
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CIGARETTE smoke , *SMOKING , *INFLUENZA A virus , *OBSTRUCTIVE lung diseases , *INFLUENZA viruses , *INFLUENZA , *INFECTION - Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide chronic inflammatory lung disease, and influenza A virus (IAV) infection is a common cause of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Therefore, targeting viral infections represents a promising strategy to prevent the occurrence and development of inflammatory flare ups in AECOPD. Jianpiyifei II (JPYFII) is a traditional herbal medicine used in China to treat patients with COPD, and its clinical indications are not well understood. However, investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanism using an animal model of smoking have been reported in a previous study by our group. In addition, some included herbs, such as Radix astragali and Radix aupleuri, were reported to exhibit antiviral effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether JPYFII formulation relieved acute inflammation by clearing the IAV in a mouse model that was exposed to cigarette smoke experimentally. JPYFII formulation treatment during smoke exposure and IAV infection significantly reduced the number of cells observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, superoxide production, and viral load in IAV-infected and smoke-exposed mice. However, JPYFII formulation treatment during smoke exposure alone did not reduce the number of cells in BALF or the expression of Il-6, Tnf-a, and Il-1?. The results demonstrated that JPYFII formulation exerted an antiviral effect and reduced the exacerbation of lung inflammation in cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice infected with IAV. Our results suggested that JPYFII formulation could potentially be used to treat patients with AECOPD associated with IAV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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22. Spiradiclis cavicola (Rubiaceae), a new species from limestone caves in southwestern China.
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Bo Pan, Rong-Hui Tu, Hareesh, Vadakkoot-Sankaran, and Lei Wu
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SPECIES , *CAVES , *LIMESTONE , *STALACTITES & stalagmites , *RUBIACEAE , *SPELEOTHEMS , *ANTHER - Abstract
Spiradiclis cavicola L. Wu, Hareesh & B. Pan (Rubiaceae), a new species from limestone caves in Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, southwestern China, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to S. scabrida, but can be easily distinguished by its 0.5-3 cm long petiole, elliptic to oblong leaf blade, and homostylous flowers with anthers and stigma positioned at the throat of corolla tube, or sometimes stigma slightly above anthers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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23. Awareness, treatment and control of type 2 diabetes among Chinese elderly and its changing trend for past decade.
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Miao Liu, Jianhua Wang, Yao He, Bin Jiang, Lei Wu, Yiyan Wang, Zhang Di, Jing Zeng, Liu, Miao, Wang, Jianhua, He, Yao, Jiang, Bin, Wu, Lei, Wang, Yiyan, Di, Zhang, and Zeng, Jing
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TREATMENT of diabetes , *DIABETES risk factors , *OBESITY , *ALCOHOL drinking , *TYPE 2 diabetes treatment , *ASIANS , *COGNITION , *COMPARATIVE studies , *HEALTH attitudes , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *RESEARCH , *RESIDENTIAL patterns , *EVALUATION research , *DISEASE prevalence , *CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Background: This study aims to evaluate the awareness, treatment, control rate of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors among Chinese community elderly, and also examine the changing trend for the past decade.Methods: We conducted two population-based cross-sectional studies in a representative urban area of Beijing in 2001 and 2010 respectively, using with the same method. A total of 2,277 participants (943 male, 1,334 female) in 2001 and 2,102 participants (848 male, 1,254 female) in 2010 were recruited. All the participants diagnosed with diabetes were included in this study.Results: The prevalence of diabetes was 21.4% and 24.8% in 2001 and 2010 respectively. Among participants with diabetes, 74.2% were aware of the condition, 51.0% were treated, 20.1% well controlled the condition in 2001, and the corresponding rates were 78.5%, 69.3%,15.9% in 2010 respectively. Higher education level and a positive family history were related to better management of diabetes, while obesity and alcohol drinking showed a reverse direction.Conclusions: The prevalence and awareness of diabetes stayed high for the past decade. The treatment increased 18.3% while the control rate decreased among community elderly for the past 10 years. It's urgent to carry out effective measures to raise awareness, treatment, and control rate of diabetes in order to avoid growing disease burden in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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24. Changes in BMI Before and During Economic Development and Subsequent Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Total Mortality: A 35-Year Follow-up Study in China.
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Yao He, Tai Hing Lam, Bin Jiang, Lan Sun Li, Dong Ling Sun, Lei Wu, Miao Liu, Shan Shan Yang, Yi YanWang, Tobias, Deirdre K., Qi Sun, and Hu, Frank B.
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BODY mass index , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors , *MORTALITY , *DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear whether changes in BMI during rapid economic development influence subsequent mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed whether BMI in 1976 and 1994 and changes in BMI during 1976-1994 predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a 35-year follow-up cohort of 1,696 Chinese (1,124 men and 572 women, aged 35-65 years) in Xi'an, China. Participants were categorized as underweight (<18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), and overweight (≥25.0 kg/m²). RESULTS During 51,611 person-years of follow-up, we identified 655 deaths from all causes and 234 from CVD. From 1976 to 1994, the prevalence of overweight rose from 9.2 to 27.8%. With each unit increment in 1976 BMI, multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CI) were 0.78 (0.72-0.84) for CVD and 0.91 (0.87-0.95) for all-cause mortality. In contrast, corresponding HRs were 1.14 (1.08-1.19) and 1.05 (1.01-1.08) in 1994 BMI. The HRs for each unit increment in BMI change from 1976 to 1994 were 1.35 (1.25-1.41) for CVD and 1.09 (1.05-1.13) for all-cause mortality. Compared with participants with stable normal weight in 1976 and 1994, HRs of all-cause mortality for those who had normal weight in 1976 but became overweight in 1994 and for those who were persistently overweight during 1976-1994 were 1.42 (1.12-1.80) and 1.80 (1.04-3.14), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gaining weight with increased BMI at middle age in Chinese during economic development was associated with elevated risks of all-cause and CVD mortality. Higher BMI measured before economic development was associated with lower mortality risk, whereas BMI measured afterward was associated with increased mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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25. Polymorphic genetic characterization of the ORF7 gene of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in China.
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Xiaofang Hao, Zengjun Lu, Wendong Kuang, Pu Sun, Yu Fu, Lei Wu, Qing Zhao, Huifang Bao, Yuanfang Fu, Yimei Cao, Pinghua Li, Xingwen Bai, Dong Li, and Zaixin Liu
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PORCINE reproductive & respiratory syndrome , *VIRUS diseases in swine , *SYNDROMES in animals , *VIRAL vaccines - Abstract
Background: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) exhibits extensive genetic variation. The outbreak of a highly pathogenic PRRS in 2006 led us to investigate the extent of PRRSV genetic diversity in China. To this end, we analyzed the Nsp2 and ORF7 gene sequences of 98 Chinese PRRSV isolates. Results: Preliminary analysis indicated that highly pathogenic PRRSV strains with a 30-amino acid deletion in the Nsp2 protein are the dominant viruses circulating in China. Further analysis based on ORF7 sequences revealed that all Chinese isolates were divided into 5 subgroups, and that the highly pathogenic PRRSVs were distantly related to the MLV or CH-1R vaccine, raising doubts about the efficacy of these vaccines. The ORF7 sequence data also showed no apparent associations between geographic or temporal origin and heterogeneity of PRRSV in China. Conclusion: These findings enhance our knowledge of the genetic characteristics of Chinese PRRSV isolates, and may facilitate the development of effective strategies for monitoring and controlling PRRSV in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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26. Complete Genome Sequence of Amycolicicoccus subflavus DQS3-9A1T, an Actinomycete Isolated from Crude Oil-Polluted Soil.
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Man Cai, Wei-Min Chen, Yong Nie, Chang-Qiao Chi, Ya-Nan Wang, Yue-Qin Tang, Guo-Ying Li, and Xiao-Lei Wu
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ACTINOBACTERIA , *NUCLEOTIDE sequence , *GENOMES , *OIL fields - Abstract
Amycolicicoccus subflavus DQS3-9A1T, isolated from crude oil-polluted soil in the Daqing Oilfield in China, is a type strain of a newly published novel species in the novel genus Amycolicicoccus. Here we report the complete genome of DQS3-9A1T and genes associated with oil-polluted environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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27. Complete Genome Sequence of Polymorphum gilvum SL003B-26A1T, Crude Oil-Degrading Bacterium from Oil-Polluted Saline Soil.
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Shu-Guang Li, Yue-Qin Tang, Yong Nie, Man Cai, and Xiao-Lei Wu
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GENOMES , *GENOMICS , *PETROLEUM , *BACTERIA - Abstract
Polymorphum gilvum SL003B-26A1T is a type strain of a newly published novel species in the novel genus Polymorphum. It was isolated from a crude oil-polluted saline soil in Shengli Oilfield, China, and was able to use the crude oil as the sole carbon source. Here we report the complete genome of SL003B-26A1T and the genes likely to be involved in oil degradation and ecological adaption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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28. Clusters of circulating Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains and association with antimicrobial resistance in Shanghai.
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Mingmin Liao, Kelli Bell, Wei-Ming Gu, Yang Yang, Nelson F. Eng, Wenkai Fu, Lei Wu, Chu-Guang Zhang, Yue Chen, Ann M. Jolly, and Jo-Anne R. Dillon
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NEISSERIA gonorrhoeae , *ANTI-infective agents - Abstract
: Objectives (i) To distinguish Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Shanghai by porB typing; (ii) to ascertain the congruence of porB DNA sequence typing with cases linked epidemiologically; (iii) to determine the association of specific PorB mutations with antimicrobial resistance to penicillin or tetracycline. : Methods porB DNA sequences of 174 N. gonorrhoeae isolates, collected from 143 male patients and 31 female sexual partners in Shanghai were determined. Phylogenetic analysis was used to determine sequence associations and concordance with epidemiologically linked cases. PorB protein sequences were compared with the wild-type sequence to identify mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance to penicillin and tetracycline. : Results porB1a genotypes comprised 27.0% of the isolates and included 15 distinct DNA sequences, while 73.0% of the isolates carried porB1b genotypes with 63 distinct DNA sequences. porB DNA sequence typing was congruent with patient-reported sexual contacts. In addition, porB DNA sequence analysis revealed a number of strains with identical DNA sequences not identified through traditional epidemiological methods. The porB1b isolates had a significantly higher percentage of chromosomally mediated resistance to tetracycline and higher MIC50s to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. G120K/A121D mutations were observed in 71.1% of PIB isolates and were associated with resistance to penicillin and/or tetracycline. The majority of the PIA isolates (82.1%) also carried G120D/A121G double mutations. The index of discrimination for porB DNA sequence analysis was 95%. : Conclusions The porB1b genotype was found to be predominant in Shanghai. porB DNA sequence typing was sufficiently discriminatory for differentiating N. gonorrhoeae isolates and was congruent with epidemiological linkages. Novel porB sequences of N. gonorrhoeae and novel mutations of PorB proteins were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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