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Nonlamellar dendrolites, a type of microbial carbonate, exhibit dendritic fabric on the macroscale, which is different from stromatolites, thrombolites, and leiolites. This work reports the sedimentary environment and sedimentary characteristics of dendrolites dominated by calcified microbes in the Zhangxia Formation in the Dongping section of Shandong Province, China. Thick oolitic limestone affected by the rise in sea level is developed in the middle section of the Zhangxia Formation in the Dongping section, and a set of thick massive dendrolites are developed above the oolitic limestone. It exhibits the special sedimentary phenomenon of microbes seeking stability in a high-energy environment. Microscopically, the dendrolites are characterized by the rich development of calcified cyanobacteria fossils, such as the epiphyton group and Girvanella , demonstrating the diversity and complexity of the microbes that dominate the dendrolite formation in the Dongping section. The epiphyton group can be classified by morphological characteristics, namely, Epiphyton , Korilophyton , and Hedstroemia. The latter can be further categorized into typical Hedstroemia and Cayeuxia. Therefore, this study enhances our understanding of dendrolite sedimentary environments and provides a reference example for exploring diverse fossil records in ancient strata. [Display omitted] • The dendrolites developed above the high-energy massive oolitic limestone. • Based on phototaxis and symbiosis, Epiphyton is considered to be cyanobacteria. • Microscopically, dendrolites are characterized by abundant cyanobacteria fossils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rotavirus vaccination is the most effective means to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis, but its coverage in China is not ideal. We aimed to explore parental preferences for rotavirus vaccination for their children under 5years old to improve vaccination coverage. A Discrete Choice Experiment was conducted online on 415 parents with at least one child under 5years old in 3 cities. Five attributes including vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, risk of mild side-effects, out-of-pocket costs, and time required for vaccination were identified. Each attribute was set at three levels. Mixed-logit models were used to measure parental preferences and the relative importance of vaccine attributes. The optimal vaccination strategy was also explored. 359 samples were included in the analysis. The impacts of the vaccine attribute levels on vaccine choice were all statistically significant ( p  < .01), except for 1-hour vaccination time. The risk of mild side-effects was the most important factor influencing vaccination. The time required for vaccination was the least important attribute. The largest increase in vaccination uptake (74.45%) occurred with decreased the vaccine risk of mild side-effects from 1/10 to 1/50. The predicted vaccination uptake of the optimal vaccination scenario was 91.79%. When deciding about vaccination, parents preferred the rotavirus vaccination with lower risk of mild side-effects, higher effectiveness, longer protection duration, 2-hour vaccination time and lower cost. The authorities should support enterprises to develop vaccines with lower side-effects, higher effectiveness and longer protection duration in the future. We call for appropriate government subsidies for the rotavirus vaccine.