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Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide has caused a high burden of mental problems, which may be associated with subjective cognitive impairment in the general population. Objectives: This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the level and pattern of cognitive failure (CF) and its negative changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among the general population in China. Methods: The participants completed an online questionnaire between April 18 and May 4, 2020, and those aged between 18 and 70 were included in this study. CF was measured using the 14-item CF Questionnaire (CFQ-14). Factors associated with CF and negative changes in CF were evaluated using multiple linear and logistic regression models. A total of 30,879 eligible participants were recruited; most were female (59.10%) and aged 31–45 (61.51%). Results: The mean CFQ-14 score was 15.62 (standard deviation = 11.55), and 4,619 (14.96%) participants reported negative changes in CF during the pandemic. Multiple regression analyses showed that participants with female gender, history of physical and mental disease, the self-perceived influence of COVID-19, altered appetite and taste preference, worse interpersonal relationships, long sleep duration, poor sleep quality, depressive, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms had a higher level of CF and negative CF changes, while regular exercise was associated with a lower risk of both outcomes. Conclusions: This study indicates that CF symptoms should be monitored in the general population during pandemics. A healthy lifestyle and reduction in psychological stress could help promote normal cognitive function during pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: University students who are exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be mentally distressed. We aimed to evaluate the pattern and risk factors of mental health and suicidal behavior among students who experienced long-term school closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This large-sample, cross-sectional, online survey was conducted from June 29, 2020, to July 18, 2020. Eleven thousand two hundred fifty four participants were recruited from 30 universities located in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal behavior was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Insomnia Severity Index, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, and questions about suicidal ideation and attempts, respectively. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors for mental health problems and suicidal behavior. Results: The prevalence of mental health problems was 41.5% for depressive symptoms, 32.6% for anxiety symptoms, 35.0% for insomnia symptoms, 8.5% for PTSD symptoms, and 2.0% for suicidal behavior. Participants with high stress during the pandemic were at higher risk of symptoms of depression [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.43–1.95, p < 0.01), anxiety (adjusted OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.63–2.23, p < 0.01), insomnia (adjusted OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.44–1.87, p < 0.01), PTSD (adjusted OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.38–2.11, p < 0.01) and suicidal behavior (adjusted OR = 3.51, 95% CI = 2.28–5.40, p < 0.01). Distant relationship with parents, changes in lifestyle and alcohol use during the pandemic were associated with higher risk of mental health symptoms and suicidal behavior, whereas regular physical exercise reduced the risk of mental health problems. Conclusions: The psychological symptoms and suicidal behavior were relatively high among students who attended university in Wuhan, China after 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Comprehensive mental health services and suicide prevention strategies are essential for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major threat to the public. However, the comprehensive profile of suicidal ideation among the general population has not been systematically investigated in a large sample in the age of COVID-19. Methods. A national online cross-sectional survey was conducted between February 28, 2020 and March 11, 2020 in a representative sample of Chinese adults aged 18 years and older. Suicidal ideation was assessed using item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and its risk factors was evaluated. Results. A total of 56,679 participants (27,149 males and 29,530 females) were included. The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation was 16.4%, including 10.9% seldom, 4.1% often, and 1.4% always suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher inmales (19.1%) and individuals aged 18-24 years (24.7%) than in females (14.0%) and those aged 45 years and older (11.9%). Suicidal ideation was more prevalent in individuals with suspected or confirmed infection (63.0%), frontline workers (19.2%), and people with pre-existing mental disorders (41.6%). Experience of quarantine, unemployed, and increased psychological stress during the pandemic were associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and its severity. However, paying more attention to and gaining a better understanding of COVID-19-related knowledge, especially information about psychological interventions, could reduce the risk. Conclusions. The estimated prevalence of suicidal ideation among the general population in China during COVID-19 was significant. The findings will be important for improving suicide prevention strategies during COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the largest proportion of world's total population, the mental health pandemic in China and related challenges of treating mental disorders could influence the accomplishment of UN Sustainable Development Goals, which include mental health. Therefore, understanding China's current mental health status after rapid economic and social transformations, including urbanisation, industrialisation, globalisation and informatisation, could strengthen awareness of mental health, and aid the proposal of solutions to prevent and control mental disorders. We did a systematic search of the literature using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CNKI, and Wanfang databases to find relevant studies published between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2018. Articles in English and Chinese were included. The search terms included "urbanisation", "industrialisation", "globalisation", "informatisation", "mental disorders[MeSH Term]" and "China". During the past three decades, both the disease and economic burden of mental disorders have increased in China. Rapid urbanisation and industrialisation have resulted in increasing internal migration and left-behind families, who have poorer mental health status than their peers. The ageing population will lead to higher prevalence of mental and neurological disorders, such as depression and dementia. Adoption of unhealthy diets can directly affect mental health, as well as indirectly by facilitating intermediate risk factors such as obesity. Increased alcohol intake and smoking can induce increased alcohol and nicotine dependence, and even illicit drug abuse. Additionally, internet and social media use can not only increase internet or gaming addiction, but also facilitate exposure and delivery channels via the internet. The growth of urbanisation and manufactories has also increased air, light, and noise pollution that can further induce mental problems. Social and economic transformations have triggered increasing disease and economic burden of mental disorders. We propose three priorities to deal with these challenges: identify social and economic effects on mental health on the basis of high-quality qualitative and quantitative analysis, improve mental health awareness and literacy, and enhance the mental health-care system and promote implementation research. Lessons from China can be a great reference for low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) and upper-middle-income countries in prevention and control mental disorders. National Natural Science Foundation of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to address knowledge gaps related to the prevention and management of mental health responses among those with a condition that presents risk of severe COVID-19 infection. A scoping review that mapped English and Chinese-language studies (2019-2020) located in MEDLINE (Ovid), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and Airiti Library was undertaken. Search terms related to COVID-19, mental health, and physical health were used and articles that included all three of these factors were extracted ( n = 77). With the exception of one hospital-based pilot study, there were no intervention studies targeting mental health in those at risk of severe COVID-19 infection. Promising practices such as integrated care models that appropriately screen for mental health issues, address health determinants, and include use of digital resources were highlighted. Patient navigator programs, group online medical visits, peer support, and social prescribing may also support those with complex needs. Future policies need to address digital health access inequities and the implementation of multi-integrated health and social care. Furthermore, research is needed to comprehensively assess multi-integrated interventions that are resilient to public health crises.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major threat to the public. However, the comprehensive profile of suicidal ideation among the general population has not been systematically investigated in a large sample in the age of COVID-19., Methods: A national online cross-sectional survey was conducted between February 28, 2020 and March 11, 2020 in a representative sample of Chinese adults aged 18 years and older. Suicidal ideation was assessed using item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and its risk factors was evaluated., Results: A total of 56,679 participants (27,149 males and 29,530 females) were included. The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation was 16.4%, including 10.9% seldom, 4.1% often, and 1.4% always suicidal ideation. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was higher in males (19.1%) and individuals aged 18-24 years (24.7%) than in females (14.0%) and those aged 45 years and older (11.9%). Suicidal ideation was more prevalent in individuals with suspected or confirmed infection (63.0%), frontline workers (19.2%), and people with pre-existing mental disorders (41.6%). Experience of quarantine, unemployed, and increased psychological stress during the pandemic were associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and its severity. However, paying more attention to and gaining a better understanding of COVID-19-related knowledge, especially information about psychological interventions, could reduce the risk., Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of suicidal ideation among the general population in China during COVID-19 was significant. The findings will be important for improving suicide prevention strategies during COVID-19.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents is a recurrent and disabling condition globally but its pathophysiology remains poorly elucidated and there are limited effective treatments available. We performed metabolic profiling of plasma samples based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with quadrupole time-offlight mass spectrometry to explore the potential biomarkers of depression in children and adolescents with MDD. We identified several perturbed pathways, including fatty acid metabolism-particularly the polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolism, and purine metabolism-that were associated with MDD in these young patients. In addition, inosine was shown as a potential independent diagnostic biomarker for MDD, achieving an area under the ROC curve of 0.999 in discriminating drug-naive MDD patients and 0.866 in discriminating drug-treated MDD from healthy controls. Moreover, we found evidence for differences in the pathophysiology of MDD in children and adolescents to that of adult MDD, specifically with tryptophan metabolism. Through metabolomic analysis, we have identified links between a framework of metabolic perturbations and the pathophysiology and diagnostic biomarker of child and adolescent MDD.