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This article explores pedagogical renewal through an analysis of vignettes from four international pre-service teachers in an initial teacher education programme at an Australian university where learner-centred practices are prioritised. To understand their pedagogical journeys during their course, data was collected through a series of questions and graphic elicitation activities at the start and endpoint of their studies. From this data, vignettes were created to illustrate changes and continuities of participants' understandings of teaching and learning, and to gain insights into how these conceptions evolved in distinct ways throughout the course. Pedagogical renewal involves learning new skills and knowledge, understanding how new knowledge is linked to practice, and recognising how underlying beliefs influence the selection, enactment, and reflection of pedagogical approaches. These factors point to the importance of individual agency in this process.

Data were analyzed from 178 American and 153 Chinese college students who participated in a study examining motivation to attend college. Students in the two countries reported similar motivations for attending college, with career and personal reasons being most important and helping family least important. Also, the study assessed the influence of symptoms of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the personality variables of originality and creativity, locus of control, curiosity, and childhood encouragement of intellectual curiosity. Results indicated that symptoms of ADHD, as well as childhood encouragement and curiosity, predicted motivations to attend college. (Contains 6 tables and 1 footnote.)

The article discusses global concerns regarding crime and punishment, focusing on the goals of punishment in relation to their support or hindrance of restoring the civil order, as well as information about retribution, deterrence, and rehabilitation. Incarceration is addressed in nations such as the U.S., along with the civil order and Canadian criminal laws. It states that the goal of incapacitation focuses on isolating an offender from others in a society. Executions in China are examined.

Aim This study represents an initial effort at examining the association between the construct of self-compassion and human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV)-related anxiety in a multinational population with HIV disease. Background Previous studies have found that self-compassion is a powerful predictor of mental health, demonstrating positive and consistent linkages with various measures of affect, psychopathology and well-being, including anxiety. Methods Cross-sectional data from a multinational study conducted by the members of the International Nursing Network for HIV Research ( n = 1986) were used. The diverse sample included participants from Canada, China, Namibia, the United States of America and the territory of Puerto Rico. Study measures included the anxiety subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90 instrument, the Brief Version Self- Compassion Inventory and a single item on anxiety from the Revised Sign and Symptom Checklist. Findings Study findings show that anxiety was significantly and inversely related to self-compassion across participants in all countries. We examined gender differences in self-compassion and anxiety, controlling for country. Levels of anxiety remained significantly and inversely related to self-compassion for both males ( P = 0.000) and females ( P = 0.000). Levels of self-compassion and anxiety varied across countries. Conclusions Self-compassion is a robust construct with cross-cultural relevance. A culturally based brief treatment approach aimed at increasing self-compassion may lend itself to the development of a cost effective adjunct treatment in HIV disease, including the management of anxiety symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stressful life events (SLE) on medication adherence (3 days, 30 days) as mediated by sense of coherence (SOC), self-compassion (SCS), and engagement with the healthcare provider (eHCP) and whether this differed by international site. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional sample of 2082 HIV positive adults between September 2009 and January 2011 from sites in Canada, China, Namibia, Puerto Rico, Thailand, and US. Statistical tests to explore the effects of stressful life events on antiretroviral medication adherence included descriptive statistics, multivariate analysis of variance, analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis, and path analysis. An examination by international site of the relationships between SLE, SCS, SOC, and eHCP with adherence (3 days and 30 days) indicated these combined variables were related to adherence whether 3 days or 30 days to different degrees at the various sites. SLE, SCS, SOC, and eHCP were significant predictors of adherence past 3 days for the United States (p = < 0.001), Canada (p = 0.006), and Namibia (p = 0.019). The combined independent variables were significant predictors of adherence past 30 days only in the United States and Canada. Engagement with the provider was a significant correlate for antiretroviral adherence in most, but not all, of these countries. Thus, the importance of eHCP cannot be overstated. Nonetheless, our findings need to be accompanied by the caveat that research on variables of interest, while enriched by a sample obtained from international sites, may not have the same relationships in each country.