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There is little empirical research on the effect of working after retirement on the mental health of the older adults in China. To fill this gap in the literature, this study examines the effects of working after retirement on the mental health of the older adults using data from the China Family Panel Studies. We employed the methods of ordinary least squares, ordered logit, and propensity score matching–difference in differences (PSM–DID). Results show that working after retirement is negatively related to mental health of the older adults in China. The deterioration effect of post-retirement work mainly impacts those aged over 60 years, women, and those with lower education background, urban household registration, higher pension, and higher social status. Working after retirement is negatively related to mental health through the mediating effects of deteriorating interpersonal relationships and lower positive attitude. It is necessary to consider mental health effects and their population differences to evaluate the impact and improve the quality of policies of active aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Objective: To investigate whether optimizing individualized goal-directed therapy (GDT) based on cerebral oxygen balance in high-risk surgical patients would reduce postoperative morbidity.Design: This was a prospective, randomized, controlled study.Setting: The study was performed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China, from April 2017 to July 2018.Patients: 146 high-risk adult patients undergoing valve replacements or coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled.Intervention: Patients were randomized to an individualized GDT group or usual care group. Individualized GDT was targeted to achieve the following goals: A less than 20% decline in the regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO2) level from baseline; a less than 20% decline in the mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline, as well as a bispectral index (BIS) of 45-60 before and after CPB and 40-45 during CPB.Measurements: The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of 30-day mortality and major postoperative complications.Main Results: 128 completed the trial and were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. Early morbidity was similar between the GDT (25 [39%] of 65 patients) and usual care groups (33 [53%] of 63 patients) (relative risk 0.73, 95% CI 0.50-1.08; P = 0.15). Secondary analysis showed that 75 (59%) of 128 patients achieved individual targets (irrespective of intervention) and sustained less morbidity (relative risk 3.41, 95% CI 2.19-5.31; P < 0.001).Conclusions: In high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery, individualized GDT therapy did not yield better outcomes, however, the achievement of preoperative individual targets may be associated with less morbidity.Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03103633. Registered on 1 April 2017. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of social participation in the relationship between internet use and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults and investigate how the internet use interact with social participation to reduce the risk of depressive symptoms., Methods: Based on the survey from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018, we identified 4645 subjects and used the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS) and Propensity Score Matching method (PSM) to identify the association between Internet use and depression of older people, and further test how social participation played a role in the relationship., Results: The level of depression of older people was significantly reduced in those who using internet in China, and the effect was still robust under different identification methods. The mental health was improved when using internet because of the increase of social participation and social capital. Further, The positive effect was stronger especially in those who were female, living in rural areas, has low education attainments and were 70-79 years old., Conclusions: The popularity of internet use has a positive effect on the depressive symptoms of Chinese older adults. Effective measures were encouraged to improve the friendliness of internet for older people and promote the popularization of the Internet and older group, achieving the spiritual well-being of them in the Internet society., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Purpose: The social support theory suggested that involving older people in social activities could increase their level of social participation and interaction, which in turn improved their well-being. However, there has been a heated controversy about whether participating in volunteer services could enhance the well-being of older people, especially for the Chinese sample., Method: Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013, this paper used an ordered probit model to examine the impact of older people's participation in volunteer services on their well-being, as well as the differences in the impact across groups and the specific transmission mechanism., Result: The empirical study found that Chinese older people's participation in volunteerism significantly enhanced their well-being, which remained robust after eliminating the possible effects of self-selection. Further heterogeneity analysis revealed that for female, non-party members and older adults with good economic status, participation in volunteerism has a higher increase in well-being. The mediating effect test indicated that older people's participation in volunteerism affected well-being mainly through enhancing positive emotions., Conclusion: It is necessary to promote the participation of older people in volunteer services and to clarify the role of government support and advocacy. Proper guidance is given to change the role of older people as care recipients to that of service providers and caregivers, and to continuously enrich the programmes and content of volunteer service to safeguard the well-being of older people., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yang, Zhang, Zhang, Shen, Wang, Cheng, Tao, Zhang, Yang, Yao, Xie, Tang, Wu and Li.)

Objective: To identify atypical hyperplasia (AH) of the breast by shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS), and to explore the molecular fingerprinting characteristics of breast AH., Methods: Breast hyperplasia was studied in 11 hospitals across China from January 2015 to December 2016. All patients completed questionnaires on women's health. The differences between patients with and without breast AH were compared. AH breast lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy followed by the SHINERS technique., Results: There were no significant differences in clinical features and risk-related factors between patients with breast AH (n = 37) and the control group (n = 2576). Fifteen cases of breast AH lesions were detected by Raman spectroscopy. The main different Raman peaks in patients with AH appeared at 880, 1001, 1086, 1156, 1260, and 1610 cm -1 , attributed to the different vibrational modes of nucleic acids, β-carotene, and proteins. Shell-isolated nanoparticles had different enhancement effects on the nucleic acid, protein, and lipid components in AH., Conclusion: Raman spectroscopy can detect characteristic molecular changes in breast AH lesions, and may thus be useful for the non-invasive early diagnosis and for investigating the mechanism of tumorigenesis in patients with breast AH.

Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate breast cancer risk conferred by individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms of breast cancer susceptibility genes., Methods: We analyzed the 48 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 8 breast cancer susceptibility genes involved in the monoubiquitinated FANCD2-DNA damage repair pathway in 734 Chinese women with breast cancer and 672 age-matched healthy controls., Results: Forty-five tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms were successfully genotyped by SNPscan, and the call rates for each tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms were above 98.9%. We found that 13 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 5 genes ( Parter and localizer of Breast cancer gene2 ( PALB2), Tumour protein 53 ( TP53), Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1, Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 ( PTEN), and Breast cancer gene 1 ( BRCA1-interacting protein 1)) were significantly associated with breast cancer risk. A total of 5 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2299941 of PTEN, rs2735385, rs6999227, rs1805812, and rs1061302 of Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1) were tightly associated with breast cancer risk in sporadic cases, and 5 other tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1042522 of TP53, rs2735343 of PTEN, rs7220719, rs16945628, and rs11871753 of BRCA1-interacting protein 1) were tightly associated with breast cancer risk in familial and early-onset cases., Conclusions: Some of the tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 5 genes ( PALB2, TP53, Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1, PTEN, and BRCA1-interacting protein 1) involved in the monoubiquitinated FANCD2-DNA damage repair pathway were significantly associated with breast cancer risk.

miRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of multiple target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA sequences may alter miRNA expression and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple forms of arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis. The present study explored the association between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), miR-146a rs2910164G>C and miR-499 rs3746444T>C, in a Han Chinese population. A case-control study consisting of 102 subjects with AS and 105 healthy controls was designed. The two miRNA SNPs were identified by direct sequencing. Subsequently, their gene and genotype frequencies were compared with healthy controls. A significant difference was observed in the miR-146a rs2910164G>C SNP. The frequency of the G allele was markedly higher in the AS patients than in the healthy controls (P = 0.005, Pc = 0.01, OR = 1.787), and the frequency of the GG genotype was higher in AS patients than in controls (P = 0.014, Pc = 0.042, OR = 2.516). However, no significant association was found between the miR-499 rs3746444T>C variant and susceptibility to AS. This is the first study to address the association between the miR-146a rs2910164G>C and miR-499 rs3746444T>C polymorphisms and AS, and it suggests a potential pathogenic factor for AS. Further studies are needed to validate our findings in a larger series, as well as in other ethnic backgrounds.

Objective: To observe malate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase patterns of ten isolates of Blastocystis hominis (Bh) from Guangxi., Methods: Blastocystis hominis agents were isolated from the fecal specimens of patients and cultivated in vitro. The samples were prepared for polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis (PAGSE). Sodium malate and 1-Naphthyl phosphoric acid sodium were used as substrates. NBT and fast blue RR salt were used to stain MDH and ALP respectively. The isoenzyme bands were recorded with relative mobility (Rm)., Results: Among the 10 isolates, 7 MDH bands were found, more with Rm34, Rm47, Rm51, Rm55, and Rm59. All the isolates showed Rm34 and Rm51 bands. 5 bands showed ALP patterns: Rm22, Rm25, Rm28, Rm35, and Rm38. Difference existed with the MDH and ALP patterns among the isolates., Conclusion: MDH and ALP patterns may indicate a genetic difference among the isolates, which might play a role in its classification.