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The changes of medical solid waste (MSW) output in recent years have had a significant impact on the spread of the virus. There is a high-risk transmission of MSW in various stages such as storage, transportation, and treatment during the COVID-19. To cope with the risks brought by the epidemic, normalized prevention consumes a large amount of protective clothing, medical masks, goggles, packaging bags, and other related medical supplies. There is a significant uncertainty in the amount of MSW output that poses a risk of COVID-19 infection in the event of an emergency, which increases the difficulty of collecting and handling epidemic prevention MSW. The analysis of MSW data from 2000 to 2022 found a stable growth trend before 2019. However, the MSW data was a sudden increase trend from 2020 to 2022, and the COVID-19 in China was characterized by an initial stage, an outbreak stage, and a stable growth stage. The range of MSW output during the epidemic was (1.19–1.75) × 106 t a−1. The amount of MSW was approximately 1.19 × 106 t a−1 during the normalized epidemic period, and its treatment cost was as high as 3.57 × 109 yuan (RMB)·a−1. The distribution of MSW output was uneven due to factors such as climate conditions, population data, and local economy. This study has important reference value for epidemic medical material reserves and MSW treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Findings: This study examined how family socioeconomic status and home environment may help explain the indirect relationship between parental migration status and rural Chinese children's holistic development. A total of 198 preschool-age children and their primary caregivers were recruited from three rural preschools in Jiangsu Province in China. The results indicated that parental migration was negatively associated with family socioeconomic status. When the family's socioeconomic background is low, the less favorable and stimulating home environment the family can provide for children, resulting in detrimental effects on the child's development. The findings not only provide support for the family system theory to explain the relationship between parental migration and child development, but also reveal family socioeconomic status and home environment as potential sequential pathways. Practice or Policy: The study calls for attention to children's development in rural China, considering the complexity of the parental migration status. The findings can facilitate rural parent education in the context of rural education revitalization. Primary caregivers in rural areas should become aware of the critical value of a family's structural and process factors, adjust their parenting attitudes and behaviors, create a positive home environment for the child, and eventually align to reduce the risk factors and enhance the well-being of rural children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To summarize and analysis the application of biologic agents in patients with psoriasis in the real world. Methods: Relying on collected data from June 2020 to September 2021 in the database of China Psoriasis Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment Center, 2529 cases of psoriasis patients treated with biologic agents in 188 different tertiary hospitals across China were retrospective analyzed. The collected information mainly includes demographic data (age, gender, psoriasis history), curative effectiveness of used biologics drug withdrawal and its reason. According to the collected information, condition of the usage for each category of biologics and influencing factor of biologics replacement were analyzed. Result: A total of 2529 patients were analyzed, which included 1626 male (64.29%) and 903 female (35.71%) with an average age of 42.12 ± 14.70 (17 ∼ 85) years old; 2336 (92.37%) patients were aged from 19 to 60 years old. Within these patients, 2362 of them (93.40%) had a psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score, and 1776 of these patients had moderate to severe cases (75.19%). According to the patient's self‐evaluation of the past efficacy of biological agents, secukinumab was chosen by the most people to have the highest efficacy (1140 cases, 93.60%). The main reason for the withdrawal of secukinumab is that the disease is already well controlled at the time of withdrawal (67 cases, 38.95%); for TNF‐ α inhibitor is the poor curative effect; for ustekinumab and ixekizumab were the non‐affordable price. Conclusions: In the current biotherapy of psoriasis in China, the efficacy of secukinumab is thought by most people to be the highest. Secukinumab is the first choice when the needs of changing biologics appear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global incidence of infertility is increasing year by year, and the association between infertility and mental illness has been widely concerned. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression in infertile women in China and explore the risk factors which might lead to anxiety and depression. From January 2020 to December 2020, female infertile patients who received assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment at West China Second Hospital were recruited and a total of 1712 eligible female patients were finally enrolled in this study. Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the patients' psychological status. The reliability of all scales was evaluated by Cronbach's α and Spearman-Brown half coefficient, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value was calculated by factor analysis to evaluate validity. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied for assessing independent risk factors of anxiety and depression, respectively. The incidence of anxiety and depression in infertile women were 25.2% and 31.3%, respectively. Cronbach's α coefficients and Spearman-Brown half-fold coefficients of GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were 0.870, 0.825, 0.852 and 0.793, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education level (junior college degree or above, OR:1. 6, 95% CI: 1.2–2.1, P = 0.003), somatic symptoms (severe somatic symptoms, OR:15.2, 95%CI: 5.6–41.3, P<0.001), sleep quality (poor sleep quality, OR:9.3, 95% CI:4.7–18.4, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for anxiety. And age>35 years old, moderate and severe somatic symptoms and poor sleep quality were independent risk factors for depression. Somatic symptoms and poor sleep quality are both the risk factors of anxiety and depression symptoms of infertile woman. And high educated (junior college degree or above) patients are more likely to be complicated with anxiety symptoms, while elderly patients (age>35) are prone to be complicated with depression symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a well recognized understanding that workers whose voice needs to be heard should be actively encouraged as full participants and involved in the early design stages of new ergonomic work system which encompass the development and implementation of new tools, workplaces, technologies or organizations. This paper presents a novel participatory strategy to evaluate three key psychological factors which are respectively mental fatigue, spiritual stress, and emotional satisfaction in work system design based on a modified version of Participatory Ergonomics (PE). In specific, it integrates a PE technique with a formulation view by combining the parallel development of PE strategies, frameworks and functions throughout the coverage of the entire work system design process, so as to bridge the gap between qualitative and quantitative analysis of psychological factors which can cause adverse or advantageous effects on worker's physiological and behavioral performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study for examining the association of internet addiction among college students with cigarette smoking and alcohol use in China. Topics include negative physical and mental health impact of substance abuse; performing multivariate regression analysis; and need of developing prevention and intervention approaches for Internet addiction.

Precipitation is of great significance in the transport and removal of atmospheric nutrients. For the sake of the acquaintance of nutrient level, deposition flux and secular trend of marginal sea precipitation, two decades (1997–2019) atmospheric investigations were conducted at the Qianliyan island, the western Yellow Sea. Overall, the annual average wet deposition fluxes of nitrate (NO 3 −), ammonium (NH 4 +), phosphate (PO 4 3−), silicate (SiO 3 2−), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and organic phosphorus (DOP) ranged 9.17–42.80, 13.50–41.44, 0.06–1.88, 0.07–5.56, 14.20–42.14 and 0.09–0.62 mmol·m−2·a−1, respectively. The annual average concentrations of NO 3 − in precipitation showed a monotonic rising trend, while that of SiO 3 2− showed a monotonic decreasing trend. From the long-term observation, it found an alleviation of acidic precipitation of the Yellow Sea under the policy controls of sulfur dioxide (SO 2) and nitrogen oxide (NO x) emissions. Meanwhile, effective control of sand-dust largely reduced precipitation SiO 3 2− concentration. Source also effected precipitation nutrients. Average concentrations of NO 3 −, NH 4 + and SiO 3 2− in precipitation from the ocean were lower than those from the northern arid area, while average concentrations of PO 4 3−, DON and DOP in precipitation from the ocean were higher than those from the northern arid area. Qianliyan precipitation brought rich dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) over PO 4 3− to the ocean surface, which might alter the phytoplankton community succession ultimately. [Display omitted] • The annual average concentration of NO 3 − in precipitation showed a monotonic rising trend. • The annual average concentration of SiO 3 2− in precipitation showed a monotonic decreasing trend. • Effective control of sand-dust largely reduced precipitation SiO 3 2− concentration. • Nutrients levels in precipitation of different air-masses had distinct characteristics. • China's environmental protection and development affected Qianliyan precipitation nutrient levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of women in Beijing regarding cervical precancerous lesions., Methods: This web-based, cross-sectional study included women at Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine between March 13, 2024 and April 9, 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was developed to collect participants' demographic information and KAP scores toward cervical precancerous lesions., Results: The study included 951 valid questionnaires, with a mean age of 40.0 years. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 12.55 ± 6.23 (possible range: 0-26), 50.66 ± 7.48 (possible range: 13-65), and 26.13 ± 4.98 (possible range: 7-35), respectively. The knowledge score (OR = 1.071, 95%CI: 1.040-1.103, p  < 0.001), currently married (OR = 0.548, 95%CI: 0.304-0.985, p  = 0.045), and with a history of HPV infection (OR = 2.302, 95%CI: 1.062-4.990, p  = 0.035) were independently associated with the attitude score. The knowledge score (OR = 1.155, 95%CI: 1.119-1.192, p  < 0.001), monthly income >20,000 (OR = 2.793, 95%CI: 1.249-6.248, p  = 0.012), a history of HPV infection (OR = 0.380, 95%CI: 0.222-0.650, p  < 0.001), unknown HPV infection status (OR = 0.289, OR = 0.177-0.473, p < 0.001), vaccinated against HPV (OR = 1.752, 95%CI: 1.221-2.514, p  = 0.002), giving birth to one child (OR = 1.991, 95%CI: 1.186-3.341, p  = 0.009), and giving birth to two or more children (OR = 2.160, 95%CI: 1.240-3.763, p  = 0.007) were independently associated with the practice score. The structured equation model showed that knowledge directly influenced attitude ( β  = 0.237, p  = 0.004) and practice ( β  = 0.490, p  = 0.010). Attitude directly influenced practice ( β  = 0.193, p  = 0.009)., Conclusion: This study revealed inadequate knowledge, moderate attitude, and practice toward cervical precancerous lesions among women in Beijing. Educational interventions should be developed to enhance knowledge in this regard., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wang, Wang, Zhou and Liu.)

Background: The GCK gene encodes hexokinase 4, which catalyzes the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. The purpose of our study is to assess the contribution of GCK methylation to type 2 diabetes (T2D)., Methods and Results: GCK methylation was evaluated in 48 T2D cases and 48 age- and gender-matched controls using the bisulphite pyrosequencing technology. Among the four CpG sites in the methylation assay, CpG4 and the other three CpGs (CpG1-3) were not in high correlation (r<0.5). Significantly elevated methylation levels of GCK CpG4 methylation were observed in T2D patients than in the healthy controls (P=0.004). A breakdown analysis by gender indicated that the association between CpG4 methylation and T2D was specific to males (P=0.002). It is intriguing that another significant male-specific association was also found between GCK CpG4 methylation and total cholesterol (TC) concentration (r=0.304, P=0.036)., Conclusion: Our results showed that elevated GCK CpG4 methylation might suggest a risk of T2D in Chinese males. Gender disparity in GCK CpG4 methylation might provide a clue to elaborate the pathogenesis of T2D., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common digestive malignancies in the world. EDNRB is a new candidate tumor suppressor gene which is often down-regulated or even silenced by promoter hypermethylation in various human cancers. However, the function of EDNRB gene in CRC remains unknown. In this study, we examined the expression and DNA methylation of EDNRB in CRC tissues., Methods: A total of 42 paired CRC and adjacent normal tissue samples were used to determine mRNA levels and DNA methylation status of EDNRB gene by qRT-PCR and methylation-specific PCR (MSP), respectively., Results: Our study showed that EDNRB promoter hypermethylation was more frequently in CRC tissues than in the normal tissues (92.86 versus 59.52, p = 0.001). Consequently, significantly lower level of EDNRB mRNA was found in CRC tumor samples than in normal samples (0.31 ± 0.91 versus 0.70 ± 1.18, p = 0.032)., Conclusions: Our results suggested that EDNRB promoter hypermethylation might downregulate its gene expression in CRC, and thus played an important role in the development of CRC., The Virtual Slide: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/7420980471113303.