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Background: Appearance anxiety and depression have become common and global public health problems worldwide, especially among adolescents. However, few studies have revealed the mechanisms between them. This study aimed to explore the multiple mediating roles of interpersonal sensitivity and social support between appearance anxiety and depression among medical college students. Methods: With 13 invalid samples excluded, 724 college students participated in our survey and completed questionnaires. The average age of 724 samples was 19.8 ± 2.02 including freshman to senior year and graduate school and above; 31.9% of the participants were male and 68.1% were female. SPSS 25.0 and Hayes' PROCESS macro were used for statistical description, correlation analysis and built multiple mediation models. Results: Appearance anxiety can not only directly affect depression, but also indirectly affect depression through three significant mediating pathways: (1) IS (B = 0.106, 95% CI [0.082-0.132]), which accounted for 49.77% of the total effect, (2) SS (B = 0.018, 95% CI [0.008-0.031]), which accounted for 8.45% of the total effect, and (3) IS and SS (B = 0.008, 95% CI [0.003-0.014]), which accounted for 3.76% of the total effect. And the total mediating effect was 61.97%. Limitations: It is a cross-sectional research method and the causal relationship is unclear. Conclusions: This study found that lower interpersonal sensitivity and higher social support can effectively reduce depression caused by appearance anxiety among college students. The schools and relevant departments should take measures to reduce the interpersonal sensitivity of college students and establish reliable social support, so as to reduce the occurrence of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) is a group of subjects with overweight/obesity who present a metabolically healthy profile; however, associated factors are complex and are far from completely understood. The aim of the current study was to estimate the prevalence of different metabolic body size phenotypes and investigate the associated factors in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 12,346 children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from seven provinces in China in 2013. Anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements were obtained. A multi-component questionnaire covering demographic, neonatal, and lifestyle characteristics was administered. The classification of metabolic body size phenotype based on three definitions was compared. With metabolically healthy with normal weight (MHNW) as a reference group, logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the potential effects of associated risk factors, with adjustment for age, sex, single-child status, and residence area. Results: The prevalence of MHNW, MHO, metabolically unhealthy with normal weight (MUNW), and metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) phenotype was 68.6%, 2.0%, 26.4%, and 3.0%, respectively. There were 39.3% MHO and 60.7% MUO among obese participants and 72.2% MHNW and 27.8% MUNW among those with normal weight. Compared to cardiometabolic risk factor (CMRF) criteria and metabolic syndrome (MetS) component definition, the application of the 2018 consensus-based definition may identify more children with abnormal cardiovascular risks, independent of weight status. Compared to younger children, older-aged adolescents were positively associated with higher risks of MUNW (odds ratio (OR) = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.27–1.50) and MUO (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.04–1.60), while factors positively associated with MHO were younger age, single-child status, urban residence, high birth weight, prolonged breastfeeding duration, parental overweight/obesity status, long screen time, and less physical activity. Conclusion: There were still a high proportion of children and adolescents at high cardiometabolic risk in China. Our findings reinforce the need for cardiometabolic risk prevention in children and adolescents irrespective of their weight statuses, such as parental educational programs and healthy lifestyle interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data and knowledge of surface water bodies (SWB), including large lakes and reservoirs (surface water areas > 1 km²) are critical for the management and sustainability of water resources. However, the existing global or national dam datasets have large georeferenced coordinate offsets for many reservoirs, and some datasets have not reported reservoirs and lakes separately. In this study, we generated China's surface water bodies, Large Dams, Reservoirs, and Lakes (China-LDRL) dataset by analyzing all available Landsat imagery in 2019 (19,338 images) in Google Earth Engine and very-high spatial resolution imagery in Google Earth. There were ~3.52 x 106 yearlong SWB polygons in China for 2019, only 0.01 x 106 of them (0.43 %) were of large size (> 1 km²). The areas of these large SWB polygons accounted for 83.54 % of the total 214.92 x 10³ km² yearlong surface water area (SWA) in China. We identified 2,140 large dams, including 1,494 reservoir dams and 646 river dams, 1,976 large reservoirs (16.42 x 10³ km²), and 3,508 large lakes (75.97 x 10³ km²). In general, most of the dams and reservoirs in China were distributed in South China, East China, and Northeast China, whereas most of lakes were located in West China, the Lower Yangtze River Basin, and Northeast China. The provision of the reliable, accurate China-LDRL dataset on dams, large reservoirs and lakes will enhance our understanding of water resources management and water security in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work explores the relationship between financial cycles in the economy and in economic research. To this aim, we take China as an empirical example, and an intuitive bibliometric analysis of selected terms concerning financial cycles in economic research is performed first. Both in the economy and in economic research, we then conduct singular spectrum analysis to further isolate and describe the specific length and amplitude of financial cycles for China based on quarterly time-series data. Finally, according to the estimated cycles that detrended by Hodrick-Prescott filter for financial and bibliometric variables, the Granger causality test scrutinizes the results of the first two steps. Moreover, a time-varying parameter vector autoregression model is estimated to quantitatively investigate the time-varying interaction between financial and bibliometric variables. Our study shows that financial cycles have a strong effect on the developments in the financial-related literature. In particular, the 2008 global financial crisis's impulse intensity is significantly higher than in other periods. Surprisingly, discussions on financial cycles in the literature also have an impact on financial activities in real life. These findings contribute to nascent work on the patterns in financial cycles, thus providing a new and effective insight on the interpretation of financial activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periphytic algae is a useful indicator of aquatic ecological conditions. We investigated the periphytic algae on natural substrate and the environmental variables at 44 sites on three river systems in the Weihe River Basin (WRB). A total of 84 species are identified, representing 37 genera. The most common genera were Navicula, Oscillatoria, Nitzschia, Scenedesmus, Cymbell, and Fragilaria. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated significant differences among the three river systems in environmental variables (p<0.05). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analyses also showed differences in periphytic algae communities in the three river systems (p<0.05) and identified different dominant species in each river system. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and Monte Carlo permutation tests revealed that nutrient concentration, WT, and altitude were the most important variables affecting the structure and distribution of periphytic algae communities. Chemical variables were the most accounted for environmental variables (12.5%), while physical variable and geographical factors (5.8% in total) play a relevant minor role. Our results demonstrate that Navicula pupula, Navicula radiosq, Nitzschia palea, and Nitzschia denticula, exhibiting wide ecological amplitude, are tolerant of high concentrations of nutrient pollution. Variation of periphytic algae communities inWRB is due to the combination of anthropogenic and natural factors including agricultural and domestic wastes water inputting, land use patterns, geology, climatic changes, and river hydrology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's rapid urbanization has generated substantial attention throughout the world. There are various studies that assess China's urbanization process but without consistent conclusions. This paper attempts to evaluate China's urbanization level based both on global urban development experience and on urbanization theories; in addition, it adopts the quadrant plots method to assess China's regional urbanization level. The results of this study show that China's urbanization rate is proceeding at a normal level that is consistent with Northam Curve Growth Theory, the Lewis's Migration Theory, Chenery's Theory of Normal Growth, and also with China's economic development stage. However, certain problems and challenges remain to be examined, such as the low-level coordination between China's urbanization and nonagricultural employment and the narrow difference between urbanization rate and industrialization level. In general, most of the eastern provinces show a high coordination between urbanization and economic development, whereas all the provinces with low coordination, both low urbanization rate and economic development levels, are located in central and western China. These results not only advance the previous literature but also deserve particular attention from Chinese policymakers. Local governments should pay close attention to the urbanization quality, the urban planning support systems, and the upgrading of industry structure while not focusing too much on the urbanization quantity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the target group, the objective and the main content of college-graduate viilage official policy. The stipulation about recruitment, obligation, training and living support concerning these viilage officials is analyzed in this article as well. It is obvious that the current policy targets and policy content have many advantages, but the policy makers should also find out its shortcoming at the same time. In order to cope with these shortcomings, the policy makers should readjust the policy target and construct the feedback-control mechanism of the policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the position of farmer cooperatives in markets and their social capital based characteristics, neither the definition nor the role of social capital in farmer cooperatives has been broadly investigated. Thus, this study seeks to develop a framework for defining and clarifying various aspects of social capital and examines the effects of social capital on members' participation in collective activities and on the economic performance of farmer cooperatives. Social capital is indicated in terms of three dimensions, i.e., the external, relational, and cognitive dimensions. A statistical model is applied to a database consisting of 147 farmer cooperatives in China's Zhejiang province. The results demonstrate a positive relationship between certain dimensions of social capital and members' participation in training and general meetings. In addition, each dimension of social capital has a significant and positive impact on the economic performance of cooperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore birth rate, delivery mode, medical problems, requirement of respiratory support, and acute outcomes of late preterm infants in Zhejiang province in eastern China. Methods: Eleven tertiary hospitals were recruited. Clinical data of every nursery admission from January to December 2007 were collected and analyzed. Results: During the study period, 44,362 infants were born with an overall preterm birth rate of 8.9%, and late preterm birth rate of 6.2%. Late preterm infants had higher cesarean section rate than the whole population (64.9% vs. 58.2%). One-fifth of the nursery admissions were late preterm infants, of whom, 63.8% were delivered by cesarean section. Respiratory distress (42.1%) was the most common medical problem of late preterm infants. Hyperbilirubinemia (17.6%), hypoglycemia (8.7%) and sepsis (5.9%) were also common. The first three primary diagnoses of respiratory distress included pneumonia (39.5%), transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) (22.5%) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (19.0%). Compared with term infants, late preterm infants with respiratory distress needed more respiratory support with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) (21.4% vs. 11.6%) or with a mechanical ventilator (15.4% vs. 11.0%), and also had higher in-hospital mortality (0.8% vs. 0.4%). Conclusions: Late preterm infants are associated with very high cesarean section rate and have more medical problems and poorer short-term outcomes than term infants in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]