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Background: Distant metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with rectal cancer. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the risk factors of distant metastasis in T3 T4 rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathological features, and serum indicators. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 146 cases of T3 T4 rectal cancer after radical resection from January 2015 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Pre- and postoperative follow-up data of all cases were collected to screen for distant metastatic lesions. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression methods were used to analyze the relationship between MRI features, pathological results, serum test indexes, and distant metastasis. Results: Of the 146 included patients, synchronous or metachronous distance metastasis was confirmed in 43 (29.4%) cases. The patients' baseline data and univariate analysis showed that mrEMVI, maximum tumor diameter, mr T Stage, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, cancer nodules, preoperative serum CEA, (Carcinoembryonic antigen) and CA199 were associated with distant metastasis. In the multiple logistic regression model, mrEMVI, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter, and preoperative serum CEA were identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis: mrEMVI [odds ratio (OR) = 3.06], pathological N stage (OR = 6.52 for N1 vs N0; OR = 63.47 for N2 vs N0), preoperative serum CEA (OR = 0.27), tumor maximum diameter (OR = 1.03), number of lymph nodes metastasis (OR = 0.62). And, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the area under the curve was calculated (area under the curve [AUC) = 0.817, 95% CI = 0.744-0.890, P <.001]. Conclusions: mrEMVI, pathological N stage, number of lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter and preoperative serum CEA are the independent risk factors for distant metastasis in T3 T4 rectal cancer. A comprehensive analysis of the risk factors for distant metastasis in rectal cancer can provide a reliable basis for formulating individualized treatment strategies, follow-up plans, and evaluating prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In water-related projects, the application of steel sheet pile cofferdams is becoming more and more widespread, and the influence of tunnel construction on the mechanical properties of adjacent cofferdams is important. In this study, the object of research was the mechanical properties of large-span steel sheet pile cofferdams. The open-cut tunnel project was located in Suzhou Yinshan Lake, China. According to the actual construction steps of the tunnel foundation pit, assuming that the soil was a small strain hardening soil model, combined with on-site monitoring data, a three-dimensional elastoplastic finite difference model was established. The results show that during tunnel construction, the maximum settlement of the cofferdam appeared at 0.27~0.53 m on the side of the foundation pit; the maximum horizontal displacement of the steel sheet pile occurred at the pile bottom of foundation pit side, and the seepage gradually increased during construction, eventually resulting in water gushing at the bottom of the foundation pit. After the completion of tunnel construction, the settlement value of the cofferdam presented a pattern that first increased and then decreased from the side of the foundation pit to the side of the adjacent lakeside; the steel cofferdam tilted toward the side of the foundation pit, with a maximum inclination angle of 3.37°. It should be pointed out that as the construction progressed, the axial force of the tie rods in the steel cofferdam changed from a U-shaped distribution to a V-shaped distribution. This study could provide a reference for the impact of tunnel foundation pit construction on adjacent steel cofferdam and could also provide a reference for the safety research of open-cut tunnel construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional rock burst estimation method is usually based on the σ c (rock strength) in practice, while the actual occurrence of rock burst depends more on the structure and strength of the rock mass. In this work, the actual rock bursts occurred in a railway tunnel project in Western China, and the σ cm (rock mass strength) was calculated by the generalized Hoek–Brown criterion. According to the actual situation of rock bursts, a modified rock burst estimation criterion using the ratio of σcm to σ max (maximum geostress) was proposed. The influence of randomness on the reliability of rock burst estimation criterion was considered. The estimation results based on the traditional and modified method were furthermore compared with those of the actual rock bursts. The results show that σ cm calculated by the generalized Hoek–Brown criterion may be considered well in the rock type and strength, construction condition, and structure features of the rock mass; the estimation results of rock burst using the ratio of σ c to σ max are quite different from the actual situation, while those using the ratio of the σ cm to σ max coincided relatively with the actual rock bursts; the ratios of σ cm to σ max , which are greater than 0.167, 0.066 to 0.167, 0.012 to 0.066, and less than 0.012, are corresponded to the slight, medium, strong, and violent grades of the rock bursts, respectively; the randomness of data selection has certain influence on the rock burst estimation criterion, but the variation range is small; the modified estimation criterion of rock burst proposed in this work has a good reliability. The results presented herein are important for tunnel construction and the prevention of rock burst in the high geostress areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The first fluorescent nanoclusters-based sensor array for Baijiu identification is constructed. • This novel sensor array is established by single gold nanocluster probe. • Nine kinds of organic acids are successfully discriminated. • Baijiu of different brands and qualities are identified by two chemometric methods. • This sensor array can distinguish Baijiu from adulterations and interfering drinks. Baijiu occupies a vital position in Chinese food and China's market. Strict evaluation of Baijiu is highly demanded. In this study, we constructed a novel fluorescent sensor array based on the single glutathione-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) probe for the detection of organic acids and Baijiu. The fluorescence of AuNCs was simply modulated by three metal ions (Cu2+, Mn2+, and Ag+), and formed new complexes as sensing elements. These four sensing elements responded variously to nine organic acids, and further chemometric analysis results allowed for the classification and quantification of acids. Moreover, the sensor array successfully identified 21 Baijiu samples of different brands among 11 aroma types. It could also distinguish Baijiu of different qualities as well as pure Baijiu from its adulterations and showed high selectivity among multiple interfering drinks. The results demonstrated that the AuNCs-based sensor array has considerable potential for quality monitoring of Baijiu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the reform and development of higher education teacher training in China. In this context, a special survey of higher education teacher training was organized by the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Education. It was revealed from the survey that there is an inconsistency between the teachers' educational system and the higher educational reforms. The government leads, training network communicates and implementation is carried out by those who administer the schools. China has two kinds of higher education teacher training organizations. Out of the thirty-eight training centers in China, six are large regional centers and thirty two are provincial centers. The new era is followed by phases of changes. These changes need to be addressed to improvise higher education training. The setting of a socialist market economy and popularization of higher education becomes indispensable. In order to address these problems, the responsibilities of various institutions, governments and individuals must be clarified within the market economy.

Graphical abstract Highlights • Galangin has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. • Galangin prevents hepatocellular carcinoma through multiple anti-cancer mechanisms. • The anti-cancer effects of galangin mainly include anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis and autophagy, inhibition of metastasis. • Moreover, it could protect normal cells and prevent the effects of genotoxic carcinogens. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers and has a high mortality rate in less developed countries, especially in China. Galangin (GA), one of the most important and naturally active flavonoids, extracted primarily from the root of Alpinia officinarum Hance, has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of HCC. It is a substance with defensive actions and a broad range of biological properties, including inhibitory effects on bacteria, fungi, viruses, the control of hypertension and diabetes, and chemoprevention of several cancers. Experiments have shown that GA prevents HCC through multiple anti-cancer mechanisms, anti-genotoxic activity against environmental and dietary carcinogens; anti-proliferative effects through reversal of the Warburg effect in HCC; arrest of the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase; induction of apoptosis via stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and the mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis pathway; induction of autophagy; and inhibition of angiogenesis, metastasis, and multidrug resistance (MDR). In addition, synergistic effects with other chemotherapy drugs have been demonstrated. Therefore, this review is focused on the anti−HCC mechanisms of GA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been widely used in thoracic surgery worldwide. Our goal was to identify the risk factors for postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy., Methods: A retrospective analysis of adult patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy between 2016 and 05 and 2017-04 was performed. We used univariate analyses and multivariate analyses to examine risk factors for postoperative pneumonia after lobectomy., Results: The incidence of postoperative pneumonia was 19.7% (n = 143/727). Patients with postoperative pneumonia had a higher postoperative length of stay and total hospital care costs when compared to those without postoperative pneumonia. Multivariate analysis showed that body mass index grading ≥24.0 kg/m 2 (vs. <24.0 kg/m 2 : odds ratio 1.904, 95% confidence interval 1.294-2.802, P = 0.001) and right lung lobe surgery (vs. left lung lobe surgery: odds ratio 1.836, 95% confidence interval 1.216-2.771, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors of postoperative pneumonia. Total intravenous crystalloid infusion grading in the postoperative 24 h ≥ 1500 mL was also identified as the risk factors (vs. 1000 to < 1500 mL: odds ratio 2.060, 95% confidence interval 1.302-3.260, P = 0.002)., Conclusions: Major risk factors for postoperative pneumonia following video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy are body mass index grading ≥24.0 kg/m 2 , right lung lobe surgery and total intravenous crystalloid infusion grading in the postoperative 24 h ≥ 1500 mL.