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Purpose: Drawing on cognitive appraisal theory, this study aims to explore the indirect effect of work/family boundary violations on teleworkers' counterproductive work behavior (CWB). In addition, it examines the moderating role of involuntary teleworking in this context. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the diary study method, this study used 543 questionnaires collected from 122 teleworkers in China. Findings: The findings indicate that working time demands mediate the relationship between work boundary violations and teleworker CWB, and threats to family roles mediate the relationship between family boundary violations and teleworker CWB. In addition, involuntary teleworking positively moderates the relationship between work boundary violations and working time demands, as well as the relationship between family boundary violations and threats to family roles. Originality/value: The study makes several valuable contributions to the extant literature. First, it enhances research on the antecedents of teleworker CWB. Second, by introducing two mediating variables corresponding to two types of boundary violations, the paper provides new insights and a fresh understanding of the effects of boundary violations in teleworking situations. Third, by considering the moderating role of involuntary teleworking, this research adds to the current knowledge on the impact of discussing boundary violations solely on teleworking or traditional office days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients with complex karyotype (CK) generally have unfavourable outcomes. CK commonly co‐exists with characteristic chromosomal and genetic abnormalities such as monosomal karyotype (MK), −17 or 17p‐ [abn(17p)] and TP53 mutations. Their individual prognostic significance needs to be clarified. Methods: Seventy‐three adult CK‐AML patients and eleven adult non‐CK‐AML patients with TP53 mutations (non‐CK/TP53mu) who were diagnosed and received therapy at our institute were enrolled. One hundred and fifty‐seven AML cases retrieved from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) for validation. Results: Among CK‐AML patients, those with TP53 mutations (CK/TP53mu) had significantly lower rates of 1‐course induction complete remission (CR), 2‐year relapse‐free survival (RFS) and 2‐year overall survival (OS) than those without TP53 mutations (CK/TP53wt); whereas, abn(17p) did not have the above impacts; MK was significantly associated with a lower 2‐year OS rate but was not related to the rates of CR and RFS. Multivariate analysis showed that it were TP53 mutations and treating with chemotherapy alone but not MK and abn(17p) that independently predicted the adverse prognosis for RFS and OS in CK‐AML. Furthermore, non‐CK/TP53mu patients showed similar rates of CR, RFS and OS to CK/TP53mu patients. Validation using the TCGA cohort showed that CK/TP53mu patients had a significantly lower 2‐year OS rate than CK/TP53wt patients, whereas abn(17p) and MK did not impact OS; the 2‐year OS rate of patients with CK/TP53wt was similar to that of patients with intermediate‐risk cytogenetics. Conclusion: Adult CK‐AML patients have varied risks and TP53 mutations seem to be an independent adverse prognostic factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most widely prescribed drugs worldwide. However, the effect of NSAIDS on postoperative renal function is still unclear. Few studies have assessed the effects of parecoxib on renal function. Our aim is to investigate a correlation between parecoxib and the presence or absence of AKI postoperatively after a breast cancer surgery operation. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that we performed on our hospitalized database. From January 2012 to August 2021, 3542 female patients undergoing radical mastectomy were enrolled, all data including the patients' information and laboratory results were obtained from electronic medical system. The main outcome was the incidence of AKI postoperatively. AKI was defined in accordance with the KDIGO criteria. Study groups were treated with or without parecoxib. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: In our study, about 5.76% experienced AKI. The incidence rate of postoperative AKI (3.49%) within 7 days in the parecoxib group was lower than that in the control group (6.00%, P = 0.05). Compared to the control group, the AKI's incidence was reduced by 49% (OR = 0.46; 95%CI 0.27–0.97) in parecoxib group in multivariable logistic regression analysis. There was a reduction in the incidence of postoperative AKI in other three subgroups: preoperative eGFR < 90 mL/min·1.73/m2 (OR = 0.52; 95%CI 0.27–0.97), blood loss < 1000 ml (OR = 0.48; 95%CI 0.24–0.96) and non-diabetes (OR = 0.51; 95%CI 0.26–0.98). Conclusions: Parecoxib was associated with incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the overall properties of the China's stock market affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we provide a comprehensive study of the multifractal properties across stock market sectors applying multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA). We focus on intra-day 5 min transaction data of 10 sectors in the Shanghai Stock Exchange, and the time-depended MF-DFA was also used to explore the dynamical evolution of the multifractal characterize for the overall period. We found that all sectors exhibit stronger multifractality and the weak market efficiency during the period of COVID-19, MHII performed best with the lower multifractal properties and higher market efficiency, three worse performers were ITII, TBII, and EII. While ITII, TBII, MCII, and UII were the four fastest recovering sectors from the gloom of the epidemic, with the plummeted multifractal intensity and the significantly increased market efficiency for the post-phase of the pandemic. The results based on the time-varying MF-DFA confirmed that the Chinese stock market is not only affected by the COVID-19 epidemic domestic but the impact of the US stock market crash in March was also transmitted to it, causing those industries sensitive to the market to fluctuate subsequently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The South Altyn Orogenic Belt (SAOB) is one of the most important orogenic belts in NW China, consisting of the South Altyn Continental Block and the Apa–Mangya Ophiolitic Mélange Belt. However, its Palaeozoic tectonic evolution is still controversial. Here, we present petrological, geochemical, zircon U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopic data for the Mangya plutons with the aim of establishing the Palaeozoic tectonic evolution. We divide the Early Palaeozoic magmatism in the Apa–Mangya Ophiolitic Mélange Belt into four episodes and propose a plate tectonic model for the formation of these rocks. During 511–494 Ma, the South Altyn Ocean (SAO) was in a spreading stage, and some shoshonite series, I-type granitic rocks were generated. From 484 to 458 Ma, the oceanic crust of the SAO subducted northward, accompanied by large-scale magmatic events resulting in the generation of vast high-K calc-alkaline series, I-type granitic rocks. During 450–433 Ma, the SAO closed, and break-off of the subducted oceanic slab occurred, with the generation of some high-K calc-alkaline series, I–S transitional type granites. The SAOB was in post-orogenic extensional environment from 419 to 404 Ma, and many A-type granites were generated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Totally 155 patients from three medical centers in East China were recruited, including 108 patients in standard-dose group and 47 patients in high-dose group. • This study was a retrospective study, and established strict inclusion criteria. Furthermore, two experienced infectious experts reviewed the cases which met the cSSTIs diagnosis, and excluded the doubtful cases. • The results of multivariate analysis indicated that high-dose daptomycin was an independent effector for early clinical stabilization. • Compared with standard-dose daptomycin, high-dose daptomycin increased the rate of early clinical stabilization in Asian patients with cSSTIs, whereas the incidence of adverse events did not increase. To compare the efficacy and safety of standard-dose (SD) daptomycin with those of high-dose (HD) daptomycin in complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTIs) in an Asian population. Patients from three medical centers diagnosed with cSSTIs were screened in the clinical information system. Patients included in the analysis were divided into two groups: those who received daptomycin at doses ≥ 6 mg/kg (HD group) and those receiving 4 mg/kg (SD group). The demographics and clinical treatment information were analyzed. Overall, 155 patients were recruited, including 108 patients in the SD group and 47 patients in the HD group. The rate of healthcare-associated infections was higher in the HD group (61.70% vs. 37.04%), demonstrating a statistically significant difference (P = 0.005). Compared with the SD group, the HD group had statistically significant early clinical stabilization (72.34% vs 52.78%, P = 0.023). The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that HD daptomycin was an independent effector for early clinical stabilization (HR=0.394, P < 0.001). The rate of drug-related adverse events was equally distributed in the HD and SD groups (36.17% vs. 26.85%, P = 0.243). Compared with SD daptomycin, HD daptomycin increased the rate of early clinical stabilization in Asian patients with cSSTIs, whereas the incidence of adverse events did not increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesozoic magmatism and lithospheric destruction in East China exerted significant control on gold metallogeny. Here, we investigate the mineralogy, geochemistry, geochronology, and isotopic systematics of the Dongyang gold deposit in southeast China to constrain its origin and geodynamics. This is a newly discovered epithermal gold deposit along the Circum–Pacific metallogenic belt and is characterized by intense silicification and sericitization. The C–H–O isotope data suggest deep magmatic sources of the ores and indicate that the ore‐forming fluids comprised a mixture of magmatic water and meteoric water. The S–Pb values of the pyrite indicate magmatic origin for the sulfur, and deposit was derived mostly from crustal sources, mixed with mantle materials. The Rb–Sr dating of the pyrite from the ore deposit shows an age of 164.2 ± 9.9 Ma, whereas the zircon U–Pb SHRIMP ages of the rhyolite porphyry is 160.9 ± 0.5 Ma, suggesting that the timing of mineralization is close to that of the crystallization of the dykes. In conjunction with previous studies on similar deposits, we suggest that the gold mineralization was the response of continental lithospheric thinning in southeast China triggered by the subduction of the Palaeo‐Pacific Ocean Plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is one of X commentaries on Wu’s ‘Interpretation, autonomy, and transformation: Chinese pedagogic discourse in a cross-cultural perspective’ (JCS, 43(5), 569-590). It highlights the paper’s demystification of Western pedagogic discourse and recovery of the meaning of Chinese traditional pedagogic discourse as a response to the long-lasting debates on the Chinese–Western/traditional–modern dichotomies seen in China’s modernization. However, the paper overlooks the complexity of Chinese pedagogic discourse: it over-emphasizes the formal or linguistic dimension of pedagogic discourse, and presumes the dichotomy of Chinese–Western discourses and the discontinuity of traditional–modern cultures. After elaborating the ends, substances, methods, and teacher roles found in Chinese pedagogic discourses, this study argues that contemporary pedagogic discourses are essentially inhabited in indigenous traditions, and actively entangled with Western discourse. The meaning of Confucian traditional pedagogy should not (and cannot) be ‘recovered’ from the past, but be ‘found’ in the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Although the sorption mechanism of hydrophobic organic pollutants on soils or sediments has been widely studied, the effects of coexisting heavy metals are seldom reported, especially the role of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in sorption interactions involving heavy metals. This paper investigates the sorption interactions of phthalate esters (diethyl phthalate, DEP, and di-n-butyl phthalate, DnBP) and copper on Yellow River sediment in the presence of DOC. The results indicate that the sorption hardly varies for DEP but increases up to 20% for DnBP as the copper concentration increases in a water-sediment system with extremely low concentration of DOC. The copper-induced sorption of DnBP could be due to its complexation with copper, as well as its hydrophobicity. In a water-sediment system with the addition of 6.34mgl−1 of commercial humic acid (HA), the sorption of DEP is decreased by up to 37%, and that of DnBP is enhanced by up to 41%, as copper is gradually added. This finding is also consistent with the results for a river water-sediment system containing 8.1mgl−1 natural DOC. The copper-influenced sorption of DEP and DnBP are found to be due to the binding of copper to DOC that leads to the configuration change of DOC and thus to its enhanced sorption to sediment. By using polarograph and fluorescence spectrograph techniques, the complexation competition among coexisting phthalates, copper and DOC is examined. The resulting data confirm the significant role of DOC in sorption interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This study provides the evidence that the transactions of international investors in the stock market exacerbate the degree of market multifractality. We analyze shares cross-listed in an accessible market (H-shares in Hong Kong) and an inaccessible market (A-shares in mainland China) by applying the method of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) from 01 January 2010 to 31 December 2019. The results based on MF-DFA confirm that the degree of multifractality in the accessible market is much stronger than the inaccessible market and intensifies with the increasing openness of the stock market. We find that the participations of international investors enhance the strength of multifractality by affecting both the long-range correlations and the fat tail distribution of the return series. Besides, the results also verify the impact of the stock market crash on multifractal strength. • The Multifractality Property of shares cross-listed on accessible market and inaccessible one is investigated. • The Multifractality degree is much stronger in accessible market due to the participation of international investors. • The stock market crash indeed has some influence on the multifractality behaviors of the market. • Both the long-rang correlation and fat-tailed distribution contribute to the stronger multifractality in accessible market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study was conducted over 10 years using an open top chamber experiment in the Sanjiang Plain to explore the impact of environmental parameters and bacterial community composition and structure under long-term conditions of elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2, 550 μmol·mol−1). Methods: Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA was used to determine soil bacterial communities over the long-term in the Sanjiang Plain. Vegetation characteristics and soil properties were also investigated. Results: Dominant bacterial group was Proteobacteria, accounting for 23.52–39.03%, while there were remarkable changes in the bacterial community composition. eCO2 increased the relative abundance of Subgroup_6 and decreased those of AD3 and Candidatus_Udaeobacter. These variations might be related to gene functions. A redundancy analysis indicated that there was a strong relationship between dominant bacterial phyla and environmental factors (photosynthetic rate, aboveground biomass and stomatal conductance). Structural equation model (SEM) showed that eCO2 and year both affected the soil bacterial community. In contrast, the short-term had greater impacts on the bacterial community under eCO2 compared with the long-term via indirect effects on vegetation and soil characteristics. Conclusions: eCO2 affect soil bacterial community through indirect effects on soil nutrient content and vegetation characteristics in the short-term whereas showed adaptability to eCO2 in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high resolution mangrove map (e.g., 10-m), including mangrove patches with small size, is urgently needed for mangrove protection and ecosystem function estimation, because more small mangrove patches have disappeared with influence of human disturbance and sea-level rise. However, recent national-scale mangrove forest maps are mainly derived from 30-m Landsat imagery, and their spatial resolution is relatively coarse to accurately characterize the extent of mangroves, especially those with small size. Now, Sentinel imagery with 10-m resolution provides an opportunity for generating high-resolution mangrove maps containing these small mangrove patches. Here, we used spectral/backscatter-temporal variability metrics (quantiles) derived from Sentinel-1 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) and/or Sentinel-2 MSI (Multispectral Instrument) time-series imagery as input features of random forest to classify mangroves in China. We found that Sentinel-2 (F1-Score of 0.895) is more effective than Sentinel-1 (F1-score of 0.88) in mangrove extraction, and a combination of SAR and MSI imagery can get the best accuracy (F1-score of 0.94). The 10-m mangrove map was derived by combining SAR and MSI data, which identified 20003 ha mangroves in China, and the area of small mangrove patches (<1 ha) is 1741 ha, occupying 8.7% of the whole mangrove area. At the province level, Guangdong has the largest area (819 ha) of small mangrove patches, and in Fujian, the percentage of small mangrove patches is the highest (11.4%). A comparison with existing 30-m mangrove products showed noticeable disagreement, indicating the necessity for generating mangrove extent product with 10-m resolution. This study demonstrates the significant potential of using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images to produce an accurate and high-resolution mangrove forest map with Google Earth Engine (GEE). The mangrove forest map is expected to provide critical information to conservation managers, scientists, and other stakeholders in monitoring the dynamics of the mangrove forest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices among medical workers toward outpatient diabetes information platform. Methods: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2023 and June 2023 at the First Hospital of Zhangjiakou, China. A self-designed questionnaire was developed to collect demographic information of medical workers, and assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices toward outpatient diabetes information platform. Results: A total of 685 questionnaires were collected. Among the participants, 603 (88.03%) were female, 432 (63.07%) work in a tertiary hospital, 548 (80.00%) have a bachelor degree, 270 (39.42%) of them work in the department of internal medicine and 315 (45.99%) of them received previous training on outpatient diabetes information platform. The mean knowledge, attitudes and practices scores were 4.32 ± 1.27 (possible range: 0–6), 56.76 ± 5.72 (possible range: 14–70), and 32.22 ± 8.42 (possible range: 9–45), respectively. 350 (51.09%) of them have sufficient knowledge, 168 (24.53%) have positive attitudes and 395 (57.66%) have active practices. Pearson correlation analysis showed that knowledge was positively correlated with attitudes (r = 0.397, P < 0.001), and attitudes were positively correlated with practices (r = 0.306, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that primary hospital (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.14–0.71, P = 0.005), secondary hospital (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32–0.72, P < 0.001), doctor (OR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.39–4.28, P = 0.002) were independently associated with sufficient knowledge. Knowledge (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.29–1.73, P < 0.001), community hospital staff (OR = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.05–0.88, P = 0.032) were independently associated with positive attitudes. Attitudes (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.09–1.17, P < 0.001), junior college (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.07–2.77, P = 0.026) were independently associated with active practices. The structural equation model demonstrated that knowledge had a direct effect on attitudes (path coefficient = 0.521, P < 0.001), and attitudes had a direct effect on practices (path coefficient = 0.542, P < 0.001). Moreover, the type of hospital had a direct effect on knowledge (path coefficient = 0.085, P < 0.001). Additionally, previous training on the outpatient diabetes platform had direct effects on attitudes (path coefficient = 0.191, P < 0.001) and practices (path coefficient = 0.184, P < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings revealed that medical workers have insufficient knowledge, positive attitudes and inactive practices toward the outpatient diabetes information platform. Comprehensive training programs are needed to improve medical staff's practices in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental investigation of circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns subjected to very low-elevation lateral impacts was performed. Six circular CFST members were prepared for lateral impact tests according to the typical CFST columns in high-speed railway stations in China, and the impact location was at the height of the 2/9 column. The tests had three variables: the thickness of the steel tube, the impact velocity, and the axial load. The failure modes were determined in the tests, along with the time histories of the impact force and the deflection at the impact location. A finite-element analysis was performed to examine the effects of the axial load and scaling on the maximum deflection. The results show that with the increase of axial compression ratio, the impact resistance of the member first increases and then weakens. According to the travelling plastic hinge theory, a three-stage rigid plastic mechanical model was employed to describe the impact process, in which the impact location was at the non-mid-span, and a deflection calculation method for CFST applicable to any impact position was developed. A comparison with the test results indicated that deflections can be calculated with reasonable accuracy using the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate and timely monitoring of urban sprawl using remote sensing provides valuable insights for urban management and sustainable development. While existing studies have explored methods for large-scale monitoring of urban sprawl, most of them rely on the collection of manually labeled training samples for supervised classification. Additionally, previous studies generally focused on inland urban sprawl, neglecting the process of urban sprawl towards sea areas, known as seaward urban sprawl, which has profound ecological implications for coastal ecosystems. Here we develop a fully automatic algorithm for detecting urban sprawl, named Fully Automatic Detection of Urban Sprawl (FADUS), using the time-series Landsat imagery without manually collecting training samples or existing urban maps for reference. FADUS automatically generates initial samples through a sequential binary unsupervised clustering technique and then updates them by removing the spectral outliers to obtain a high-quality training set for subsequent supervised classification. A tidal module is included in FADUS to avoid pseudo-urban changes caused by tidal fluctuations so that both inland and seaward urban sprawl can be detected. By applying the algorithm to 75 coastal cities in China, the most rapidly urbanizing region in the world, we uncovered a neglected but dramatic seaward urban sprawl process that has converted sea areas to urban space since 1985. Our results indicate that 9904.36 km2 of coastal wetlands and nearshore seawater areas have been converted to land area, of which 44.83% is currently covered by built-up area. With our method, the fully automatic detection of urban dynamics is now possible for both coastal and inland cities worldwide. Our derived map of seaward urban sprawl in China provides valuable references for coastal land-cover change monitoring, wetland protection and restoration, and integrated coastal management. • Fully automatically detecting urban sprawl without manually labeled training data. • Tracking coastline dynamics caused by neglected seaward urbanization. • First remote sensing-based annual seaward urban sprawl map across coastlines of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we assessed the prevalence of overt and occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among leukemia patients. Among 256 leukemia patients and 377 fracture patients (control group), we found that the hepatitis B surface-antigen-positive rate was greater in leukemia patients than in the controls (odds ratio, 2.08; p = 0.01). Moreover, the prevalence of occult HBV infection was higher in leukemia patients than in the controls (10.5 % vs. 2.9 %; odds ratio, 3.92; p < 0.001). The HBV genotype distribution differed significantly between the leukemia and chronic hepatitis B or control groups ( p < 0.001 and 0.01, respectively); specifically, genotype C was primarily observed in occult HBV infection patients with leukemia. The stop codon mutation rate or amino acid substitutions in the major hydrophilic region did not differ between the groups. Thus, the prevalence of occult hepatitis B is higher in leukemia patients, and the HBV genotype distribution differs between patients with leukemia and chronic hepatitis B virus infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This work points out some improper heat exchanger settings and retrofit modifications by the process integration technology, studying the case of the five column alcohol distillation section, which is broadly used in new distilleries in China. In the rectification grand composite curve, there is a mass of secondary vapor with the temperature of about 80°C, below the pinch. Some of it is used as the heat source for the LiBr–H2O absorption refrigerator through the single effect refrigerating cycle, and therefore, this part of the secondary vapor is changed into liquid without condensation and cooling. At the same time, the low temperature cooling water is generated from the refrigerating cycle, and it can be used in the other sections, except the distillation, like the fermentation and cooling the end product. The other secondary vapor is upgraded by the heat pump to replace the partial heating steam. After the above retrofitting for the distillery with the annual yield of 49,416kl, 247.1t/h low temperature cooling water can be obtained to replace the deep well water completely; the amount of heating steam and recycled cooling water, respectively, is decreased by 8.257t/h and 205.9t/h, but the power consumption is raised by 445.6kW for driving the heat pump compressor. By thermoeconomic analysis, the following performance of the retrofitting case can be achieved: an overall investment of 7,476,900 ¥RMB, savings of 7,452,100 ¥RMB/year in the operating cost and savings of 187.5 ¥RMB/t in the production cost, the pay back period will be 1.01 years. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, species of the genus Morchella are investigated in China. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and the combined data set ITS + nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) + the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) gene + RNA polymerase II first largest subunit (RPB1) + RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), six new phylogenetic species are illustrated and described: M. clivicola, M. confusa, M. odonnellii, M. owneri, M. yangii, and M. yishuica. Furthermore, two new record species, M. dunensis and M. palazonii, which were only known in Europe, are now reported for the first time from Asia. New species of morels will provide additional information on species diversity and genetic resource candidates for improving the cultivation of this economically important fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Multi clusters identify spatio-temporal-parametric heterogeneity in PRB. • PRB water quality is efficiently evaluated by NH 3 N-DO based WQImins. • Socioeconomic factors (>70%) drive water quality variations in PRB. • Urban river WQImins in periods align with identified diverse clusters in PRB. The Pearl River (PR) is China's second-largest river, playing a crucial role in regulating and supplying water in the southeast. However, for the last decade, the PR has been experiencing water quality deterioration due to population growth, rapid economic development, and diverse human activities, particularly in its delta areas. This study analyzed the characteristics and evolution of eight water quality variables, including pH values (pH), water temperature (WT), dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5), permanganate index (PI), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 N), and fluoride (F−), which were monitored monthly at 16 water quality monitoring stations from January 2009 to August 2019. Overall, annual average BOD 5 and F− concentrations met Class I water quality standards, while TP and NH 3 N conformed to lower standards. The cluster results showed noticeable differences for parameter grouping (DO-organic parameters-nutrient and solutes), seasonal variation (wet and dry), and water quality status (contaminated-remediating-fine). The Water Quality Index (WQI) ranged from 8.3 ("very poor") to 91.7 ("excellent") in the entire basin from 2009 to 2019, and NH 3 N-DO based WQImins were identified using the All-Subsets Linear Regression method. The fitting results of the Generalized Additive Models displayed that the deviance explained by natural factors ranged from 37.2% to 61.3%, while the socioeconomic explanation exceeded 70%. The WQImin component evolution (2003–2019) of Shenzhen River estuary, the most important part of the PR estuary, agreed with key parameter variations in heterogeneous clusters in the entire basin. Moreover, Shenzhen's water quality remediation applications indicated that reasonable-efficient-powerful efforts and support from governments could accelerate recovery. For the management departments, consistent measures should be strictly enforced, and elaborate regionalized management based on clusters could be attempted to maintain excellent water quality. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benthic bioaccumulation of hazardous materials has been a great challenge to the health of lake ecosystems. As representative benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater mussels and their accumulation characteristics have been regarded as effective indicators for assessing potential risks induced by sedimentary metal(loid)s in lakes. Here we profile organ-specific accumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and their correlations to metal speciation in sediments of Poyang Lake, the largest lake of China. Significant organ-specific characteristics of metal accumulation were found in gills, though higher thallium (Tl) and selenium (Se) were found in the hepatopancreas, and greater arsenic (As) mostly accumulated in gonads. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the bioaccumulation of silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), and rare earth elements (ΣREE) in gills and As in gonads were closely associated with those in bioavailable fraction of sediments. Based on the biochemical analysis in the major organs, gills exhibited the highest enzymatic activity compared with hepatopancreas and gonads. Sedimentary metals, particularly for available Ag, Co, and ΣREE, play key roles in causing lipid peroxidation in gills and significantly promote the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)/glutathione reductase (GR), while many metals (e.g., cadmium, manganese, Se) inhibit the glutathione (GSH) content in gonads and hepatopancreas. Our study indicates a high physiological sensitivity of mussels to these target metals, which highlights the significance of organ-specific accumulation of metal(loid)s in understanding the potential ecological risks of sedimentary metal(loid)s in lake ecosystems. [Display omitted] • Organ-specific bioaccumulation of metals in mussels is revealed in Poyang Lake. • Gills more likely accumulate Ag, Co, and ΣREE, but gonads prefer As from sediments. • Bioavailable Ag, Co, and ΣREE promote SOD/GR activities and MDA content in gills. • Metals (e.g., Cd, Mn) considerably inhibit SOD activity and GSH content in gonads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To evaluate the clinical and bacterial efficacies and the safety of antofloxacin hydrochloride tablets in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB) and acute pyelonephritis (AP). Patients and Methods: A randomized, controlled, multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy clinical trial was conducted at 6 hospitals in China. The patients in the investigational group took an oral 400-mg loading dose of antofloxacin on the first day followed by 200 mg daily. Control group patients took 200 mg of levofloxacin orally twice daily for 7-14 days. Results: A total of 284 patients were enrolled into the study, including 140 cases of AECB and 144 cases of AP; 141 patients were in the antofloxacin group and 143 patients were in the levofloxacin group. Two hundred fifty-four patients completed the entire treatment and follow-up and comprised the per-protocol analysis data set; 30 patients were excluded because of informed consent withdrawal, loss to follow-up, protocol violations, or adverse drug events. Treatment was ceased in 3 patients in the antofloxacin group and in 1 patient in the levofloxacin group because of skin rashes, dizziness, or adverse gastrointestinal effects. At the end of the 2-regimen treatment, the observed effectiveness rates for AECB were 90.3 and 87.7% for the treatment and control groups, respectively, and 96.9 and 92.1% for AP. The overall bacterial eradication rates were 95.9 and 92.4%, and drug-related adverse events were observed in 13.1 and 10.1% of patients, respectively. There were no severe adverse effects. No statistical differences in drug efficacy and safety were detected between the 2 treatment groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Antofloxacin hydrochloride is an effective and well-tolerated new fluoroquinolone that demonstrates clinical and bacteriological efficacies similar to levofloxacin for the treatment of AECB and AP. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) comprise a large group of chemicals with diverse physicochemical properties, which make their simultaneous determination a challenging task. A trace analytical method based on ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was developed for simultaneous determination of 54 PFASs belonging to 12 classes in groundwater, including 24 perfluorocarbons and 30 precursors. This method provided good linearity of calibration standards (R2 > 0.99), excellent method limits of quantification (MLOQs) (0.5–250 pg/L), satisfactory matrix spiking recoveries (63%–148%), high precision (intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) 1.4–11.4%, inter-day RSDs 1.6–12.9%, and inter-week RSDs 2.1–12.7%), and short runtime (13 min), suitable for high throughput studies. The newly established method was successfully applied to detect PFASs in the groundwater samples collected from Hebei Province, China. Twenty PFASs were detected with the total concentration of 0.3–32.9 ng/L, indicating the contamination level similar to that in drinking water. The dominant PFASs were perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). In addition, 6:2 fluorotelomer phosphate diester (6:2 diPAP) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate (6:2 FTS) were found as the major precursors. The total PFAS concentrations were lower than the cumulative permissible limit of 70 ng/L for PFOS and PFOA recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for drinking water in 2016. In a nutshell, this study provided a fast and sensitive method based on HRMS for the simultaneous analysis of a wide range of PFASs, present at trace levels in groundwater samples. Image 1 • A method was developed with Orbitrap HRMS for simultaneous analysis of 54 PFASs. • The PFASs covered 12 classes, including 24 perfluocarbons and 30 precursors. • The method achieved short runtime (13 min) and low MLOQs (0.5–250 pg/L). • Twenty PFASs (0.3–32.9 ng/L) were detected in groundwater from Hebei Province. • PFBS, PFBA, PFPeA, PFOS, 6:2 diPAP and 6:2 FTS were found as the major pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irrigated rice fields in northeast China are established on soils characterized as upland soils, and in this process, oxic upland conditions are converted into anoxic wetland conditions. However, the consequences of such land use changes for soil aggregation and associated microbial communities are poorly understood. Therefore, the objective was to study the activity and structure of the microbial communities of soils from a permanent upland as well as paddy soils converted from upland fields, soil microbial communities were determined using Biolog EcoPlates™ and HiSeq. The results showed that the conversion of upland to paddy soil resulted in increased soil organic carbon (SOC) contents and decreased urease, β-glucosidase, and cellulose activities, while SOC and total nitrogen (TN) contents decreased with decreasing aggregate size for both land use types. Following land use change, microbial diversity was increased and microbial community activity and composition were changed. When upland fields were converted into paddy systems, the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes , Chloroflexi , and Nitrospirae increased, whereas those of Acidobacteria , Gemmatimonadetes , and Planctomycetes decreased significantly. Most importantly our results indicated that the microbial community is modulated by soil aggregate sizes and land use change, and latter is a stronger determinant in shaping soil microbial communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]