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Urban ground collapse is a common geological disaster characterized by its invisible nature, particularly in China, and results in significant socioeconomic losses and even loss of life. Underground pipeline breakage is the most common factor leading to urban ground collapses. Hence, it is essential to study how different types of pipeline breakages initiate the collapse mechanism. In this study, an indoor model test was conducted to directly observe the process of collapse due to broken pipe leakage. A broken pipe was put into a model box and tested by an experimental device. The results showed that among the different pipeline breakage types, vertical damage had the greatest influence on the degree of cavity development and ground collapse. Similarities were observed in the patterns of cavity evolution development and the extent of ground collapse as well, further revealing the significance of the cavity evolution process in predicting ground collapses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor associated with high mortality rates due to the toxic side effects of current therapeutic methods. Tanshinone IIA can inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis in vitro, but the exact mechanism is still unknown. The aims of this study are to explore the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA via Src kinase and demonstrate the mechanism of this effect. Materials and Methods. Osteosarcoma MG-63 and U2-OS cell lines were stable transfections with Src-shRNA. Then, the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA was tested in vitro. The protein expression levels of Src, p-Src, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKt were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR. CCK-8 assay and BrdU immunofluorescence assay were used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay, cell scratch assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell invasion, migration, and cell cycle. Tumor-bearing nude mice with osteosarcoma were constructed. The effect of tanshinone IIA was detected by tumor HE staining, tumor inhibition rate, incidence of lung metastasis, and X-ray. Results. The oncogene role of Src kinase in osteosarcoma is reflected in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and in inhibiting apoptosis. However, Src has different effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation among cell lines. At a cellular level, the antiosteosarcoma effect of tanshinone IIA is mediated by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways. At the animal level, tanshinone IIA played a role in resisting osteosarcoma formation by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways. Conclusion. Tanshinone IIA plays an antiosteosarcoma role in vitro and in vivo and inhibits the progression of osteosarcoma mediated by Src downstream of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKt signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thymus-derived lymphocytes of jawed vertebrates have four T-cell receptor (TCR) chains that play a significant role in immunity. As chickens have commercial value, their immune systems require a great deal of attention. Local chicken breeds are an essential part of poultry genetic resources in China. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the TCRα and TCRβ repertoires and their relative expression levels in the native chicken breeds Baier Buff, Longyou Partridge, Xiaoshan, and Xianju. We found that TCR Vα and TCR Vβ were expressed and included 17, 19, 17, and six segments of the Vα2, Vα3, Vβ1, and Vβ2 subgroups, respectively. V-J pairing was biased; Jα11 was utilized by nearly all Vα segments and was the most commonly used. Breed-specific V segments and V-J pairings were detected as well. The results of the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) as well as the V-J pairing and CDR3 diversity analyses suggested that the four local chicken breeds did not significantly differ in terms of TCR diversity. Hence, they expressed not significant differentiation, and they are rich genetic resources for the development and utilization of immune-related poultry breeding., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

At present, collaborative industrial parks (CIPs) in the Yangtze River Delta Region (YRDR) have become an important spatial strategy for coordinating regional development. However, existing studies tend to focus on individualized micro-studies, ignoring the regional-scale production space reconstruction by the geographical expansion of CIPs. Based on this, this study takes the YRDR, where the development of CIPs is relatively mature, as an example and systematically analyzes their geographic expansion process and driving mechanism. The results found that CIPs in the YRDR have gone through three stages: the exploration period of CIP construction under the guidance of assistance policies; the blowout development period of CIPs under the demonstration effect; and the complete cluster formation period of CIPs. Regional central cities, such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, and underdeveloped cities, such as Tongling and Xuancheng, are core nodes, with Shanghai-Nantong; Shanghai-Anqing; Nanjing-Huainan; Wuxi-Xuzhou; Suzhou-Suqian; and Jiaxing-Lishui being important elements in the flow channel. The CIP network is basically formed. During this period, the degree of all nodes increased to 134, the network connection rate increased to 2.26, and the network complexity was more significant. Furthermore, CIPs are essentially a form of capital re-territorialization and space restoration organized and coordinated by the government (provincial government or central government). In the meantime, the market and the social environment, such as residents' living standards, urban development foundation, urban transportation, and urban investment, also have an important impact on the geographic expansion of CIPs. In the regression results, the coefficients of popu, finance, labor, and passenger are significantly negative, but the coefficients of wage, gdp, freight, and govrd are significantly positive.

BACKGROUND Osteoblastoma is a rare, benign, osteolytic neoplasm commonly found in the spine in early adulthood. Here, we review the clinical characteristics, radiographic findings, and surgical management of patients with spinal osteoblastoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirteen patients with osteoblastoma who underwent surgery at our institute from June 2008 to November 2017 were enrolled in this study. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale was used to assess neurological function. All patients were treated with either total excision or intralesional piecemeal excision without postoperative radiotherapy. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) scores, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) of nerve function, physical and radiographic examinations, bone fusion, and neurologic status. RESULTS The follow-up lasted 23-82 months (average, 43.8 months). The average surgical time was 178.1 minutes (range, 100-230 minutes), with an average intraoperative blood loss of 574 mL (range, 230-1100 mL). Postoperatively, VAS scores decreased from 6.2±1.7 to 0.5±0.7 (P<0.001). The preoperative and final ODI scores were 51.1±7.7 and 22.6±4.9, respectively, reflecting a significant decrease (P<0.001). According to the ASIA classification, 3 patients had grade C, 3 patients had grade D, and 7 patients had grade E disease. Three months postoperatively, 1 patient had grade D and 10 patients had grade E disease; ultimately, all cases were grade E disease. Only 1 patient experienced local recurrence and underwent en bloc marginal resection with postoperative radiotherapy. All patients remained neurologically stable without any major complications. CONCLUSIONS Accurate intraoperative localization with complete resection is the key to preventing recurrence. Aggressive surgical resection can achieve satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Background: Although FGF19 gene aberrations are associated with carcinogenesis and progression in human cancers, the roles of FGF19 genetic amplification and expression in Chinese patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and FGF19 amplification as a potential therapeutic target for LSCC are not well understood., Methods: Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis and quantitative real-time-PCR was used to detect FGF19 genetic amplification and FGF19 messenger RNA expression in LSCC tumor and paired adjacent samples. Small interfering RNA and short hairpin RNA were used to knockdown FGF19 in vitro and in vivo., Results: FGF19 amplification was identified in a subset of LSCC patients (37.5%, 15/40), and upregulation of FGF19 expression was found in 60% (24/40) of tumor tissues compared to adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Correlation analysis with clinicopathologic parameters showed that FGF19 upregulation was significantly associated with heavy smoking. Small interfering RNA knockdown of FGF19 led to the significant inhibition of cell growth and induced apoptosis in LSCC cells carrying the amplified FGF19 gene, but these effects was not observed in non-amplified LSCC cells. Interfering FGF19 expression with short hairpin RNA also resulted in tumor growth inhibition and induced apoptosis in LSCC xenografts with amplified FGF19 in tumor cells., Conclusion: Our results suggested that FGF19 signaling activation is required for cell growth and survival of FGF19 amplified LSCC cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Intervention of FGF19 activation could be a potential therapeutic strategy for LSCC patients with FGF19 amplification., (© 2017 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)