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The Urho Formation in the Lower Permian System at the Junggar Basin in China commonly develops zeolite cements. The presence of zeolite minerals in various states of occurrence and uneven distribution in glutenite reservoirs makes it indeterminate to interpret the well logging response characteristics such as acoustic, resistivity, radioactivity, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). This poses significant challenges for the evaluation of well loggings in glutenite reservoirs containing laumontite and the determination of oil and gas reserves. In this study, through petrophysics experiments such as whole-rock X-ray diffraction, conventional petrophysical properties, mercury injection, and electron microprobe analysis, the characteristics of glutenite reservoirs containing laumontite and the well logging response mechanisms were analyzed from the perspectives of mineral composition of rocks, geochemical characteristics, and principle of loggings. A multimineral optimization method was used to calculate the laumontite content. The results indicate that in the study area, the cementation of zeolite minerals dominated by laumontite suppresses the pore development in the reservoir, which is a crucial factor in the formation of complex pore structures and low-porosity low-permeability reservoirs. Since laumontite exhibits a water-bearing framework structure with numerous micropores and crystal water, the laumontite-bearing glutenite reservoirs are characterized by low natural gamma radiation, low density, high neutron porosity, and high electrical resistivity. The acoustic interval transit time shows no significant differences, while the NMR T 2 spectrum exhibits a short relaxation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This single-arm prospective phase II trial was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of the dual oral metronomic vinorelbine and capecitabine (mNC) regimen in women with HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in China Methods: The mNC regimen was administered to the enrolled cases, including oral vinorelbine (VNR) 40 mg three times weekly (on days 1, 3 and 5 every week) and capecitabine (CAP) 500 mg three times a day, until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), clinical benefit rate (CBR) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Stratified factors included treatment lines and hormone receptor (HR) status. Results: Between June 2018 and March 2023, 29 patients were enrolled into the study. The median follow-up time was 25.4 months (range, 2.0-53.8). In the entire group, the 1-year PFS rate was 54.1%. ORR, DCR and CBR were 31.0%, 96.6% and 62.1%, respectively. The mPFS was 12.5 months (range, 1.1-28.1). Subgroup analysis revealed that ORRs were 29.4% and 33.3% in first- and =second-line chemotherapy, respectively. ORRs were 29.2% (7/24) and 40.0% (2/5) for HR-positive MBC and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), respectively. Grade 3/4 TRAEs were neutropenia (10.3%) and nausea/vomiting (6.9%). Conclusions: The dual oral mNC regimen showed very good safety features and improved compliance without loss of efficacy in both first- and second-line treatments. The regimen also reached an excellent ORR in the mTNBC subgroup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is great controversy regarding the origin and source of natural gas in the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin. This seriously restricts the study of natural gas dynamics in the Feixianguan Formation and thus hampers natural gas exploration in the region, so further study is urgently required. Using experimental tests of natural gas composition, stable isotopes, and noble gas isotopes with gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) studies of source rock and reservoir asphalt saturated hydrocarbons, the natural gas geochemical characteristics, the genetic identification and a gas-source comparison of the Feixianguan Formation were studied. Then, constrained by the thermal history, the histories of gas generation and expulsion were restored by basin simulation technology. Finally, a gas accumulation model was established for the Feixianguan Formation. The results showed that (1) the H2S-rich and H2S-poor gas reservoirs of the Feixianguan Formation are distributed on the east and west sides of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough in the Eastern Sichuan Basin, respectively. The carbon and hydrogen isotope compositions of the natural gas in the gas reservoirs are generally heavy and have typical characteristics of high-maturity dry gas reservoirs. (2) The natural gas of the Feixianguan Formation is organic thermogenic gas, which is mainly oil-type gas generated by the secondary cracking of crude oil. The gas-generating parent material is mainly type II kerogen. (3) The natural gas of the Feixianguan Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin was mainly generated by argillaceous source rocks of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation. (4) Natural gas accumulation occurred as follows: the paleo-structure heights were filled with crude oil in the Early Jurassic, and paleo-oil reservoirs were formed in the Feixianguan Formation; during the Middle-Late Jurassic, the paleo-oil reservoirs were cracked when the reservoir temperatures rose above 160 °C, and paleo-gas reservoirs were formed. Since the end of the Late Jurassic, the paleo-gas reservoirs have been adjusted and reformed to form the present-day natural gas reservoirs. These results provide a basis for studying natural gas accumulation dynamics of the Feixianguan Formation in the Eastern Sichuan Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic cancers with the highest mortality rate in China. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a postoperative complication associated with all-cause mortality. The incidence and risk factors for AKI after cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and associate ed risk factors of AKI among those patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC. Methods: This retrospective study collected demographic, tumor-related, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data from 282 advanced ovarian cancer patients who underwent CRS-HIPECs. AKI was defined and staged according to the clinical practice guideline of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) in 2012. The prognosis of AKI was determined according to the change in serum creatinine 90 days after the operation. We conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the association between variables of interest and the occurrence of AKI. Results: Of 282 advanced ovarian cancer patients, 11.7% of them developed AKI. The Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors independently associated with AKI included cisplatin dose≥70mg/m² (OR=3.668, 95%CI 1.336-10.070, P=0.012); Baseline eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m² (OR=2.704, 95%CI 1.373-5.322, P=0.004); and concomitant medications of angiotensin convert enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI or ARB) (OR=3.122, 95%CI 1.545-14.892, P=0.039). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that the incidence of AKI after CRS plus cisplatin-based HIPEC is not uncommon among advanced ovarian cancer patients. Cisplatin overdose, baseline kidney dysfunction, and use of ACEI or ARB are independent risk factors for the occurrence of AKI among those patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In 2022, 55 million Chinese children participate in campus football; however, there is no physical fitness standard, making it a priority task to enhance the current national program. This study aimed to explore a pilot method for the development of a reliable physical fitness standard. Methods: This study examined 765 male football players aged 9 to 11 in 2020 and 2022. The anthropometric and physical fitness assessments were conducted in accordance with the Chinese Football Association's field manuel. Physical fitness tests include sit and reach test, t test, 30m run test, and vertical jump test. Physical fitness standard was modeled using the generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). Data were fitted with appropriate GAMLSS distributions and smoothing term. P-splines were applied to smooth the model's parameters using the default local maximum likelihood method and link functions. Following diagnostics of fitted models, age-specific centile estimations were computed for physical fitness tests. In addition, players in each age group were categorized according to their body mass index as normalweight or overweight/obese.Welch's t-testwas utilized to compare the group differences in physical fitness testing. The significance level was chosen at p < 0.05. Results: Sit and reach test, t test, 30mrun test, and vertical jump test data were fitted with original Sinh-Arcsinh, Box-Cox power exponential, Box-Cox power exponential, and Box-Cox Cole and Green, respectively. Physical fitness standard for each age group is presented as tabulated centiles (1p, 3p, 5p, 15p, 25p, 50p, 75p, 85p, 95p, 97p, 99p). Overweight/obese campus football players did significantly worse (p < 0.05) on the t test, 30mrun test, and vertical jump test than their normal-weight peers of the same age. Conclusion: This study developed the first physical fitness standard for 9 to 11- year-old campus football players in China.Wemade three recommendations to Chinese policymakers on sample size, data management, and field procedure for the creation of a national physical fitness standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a time-space compression (TSC) model and evaluates the TSC effect of high-speed rail (HSR) on a sample of 2662 classified tourist destinations from 2008 to 2019 in China with the help of GIS technology. Based on panel models, this study finds that, within five hours: (1) the TSC effect of HSR on tourist destinations in eastern and central China is three times stronger than that in western and north-eastern China; (2) the negative impact coefficient of TSC of HSR on tourist destination development in China within temporal distances (3 h, 4 h, 5 h) are −0.193, −0.117, and −0.091 respectively; and (3) the farther the temporal distance, the weaker the inhibitory effect. Results from this study contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the potentially negative TSC effect on regional and tourism development. Findings provide managerial implications suggesting that tourist destinations should implement marketing policies to retain tourists and prevent the loss of tourists brought by the opening of HSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new genus and species of Schizopteridae, Cornonannus bui gen. et sp. nov. is described from Yunnan Province, China. The new genus is closest to Pachyplagia Gross, 1951, Ogeria, Distant 1913, and Kaimon Hill, 2004 in morphology, but it can be distinguished from these genera by the male having a frontal process, the absence of pronotal collar, the distinct venation of forewing, a tarsi formula of 3-3-3, and the middle area of abdominal tergites I to VII with small, round tubercles. Photographs of the male habitus, head, thorax, abdomen, appendages, and genitalic structures, as well as scanning electron micrographs of the male head, thorax, abdomen, and genitalic structures and drawings of male genitalia, are provided. Moreover, a key to all known Chinese schizopterid genera is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which examined the association between semen microcystin levels and male reproductive quality. Topics covered include the criteria for selecting the study subjects, the changes in semen quality parameters and reproductive hormones across semen MC quartiles, and findings that show MC might induce male infertility.

BACKGROUND: Purple corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the main economic crops in China and has been used in the treatment of cystitis, urinary infections and obesity. However, purple corncobs, the by-product remaining after processing and having an intense purple-black color, are normally disposed of as waste or used as animal feed. Therefore, to further expand the medicinal value of purple corncob, its content was analyzed and, after purification, the effect and mechanism of purified purple corncob anthocyanins (PPCCA) on CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in mice were investigated. RESULTS: It was observed that the total anthocyanin content (TAC) from PPCCA (317.51 ± 9.30 mg cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C-3-G) g-1 dry weight) was significantly higher than that from the purified purple corn seed anthocyanin (266.73 ± 3.67 mg C- 3-G g-1 dry weight), of which C-3-G accounted for 90.6% and 90.4% of the TAC, respectively. Furthermore, compared with the CCl4 group, PPCCA treatment significantly reduced liver index, serum total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and liver malondialdehyde levels, but increased liver superoxide dismutase activity. The pathological changes were also improved, such as more regular arrangement of hepatocytes, less swelling, and fewer vacuoles and apoptotic cells. Additionally, mechanistic studies showed that PPCCA downregulated the expression of Caspase-3, Bax and cytochrome P450 2E1 proteins in the liver and upregulated the expression of Bcl-2. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that PPCCA could ameliorate CCl4-induced chronic liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and hepatocyte apoptosis pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of current study was to explore the phytochemical potential of elephant grass cultivated on cadmium (Cd) polluted soil of Hunan Providence, China. Results of current study explored that the plant height, yield and tiller number were similar in elephant grass planted on soil with different Cd concentration (P>0.05). In stem, the Cd contents increased from 0.80±0.14 mg·kg-1 to 5.67±4.25 mg·kg-1 with the increase of the soil Cd contents from 1.68 mg·kg-1 to 2.99 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05), while the Cd contents in stem decreased from 3.26±1.89 mg·kg-1 to 1.24±0.30 mg·kg-1 with further increase in the soil Cd concentration from 5.34 mg·kg-1 to 9.37 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05). Similar trends of results were observed for Cd contents in leaves and roots of elephant grass (P<0.05). Bioconcentration factor (BCF) results showed that BCF of Cd in stem, leaves, roots and whole plant of elephant grass initially increased when Cd concentration of soil increased from 1.68 mg·kg-1 to 2.99 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05), while the BCF of Cd in stem, leaves, roots and whole plant of elephant grass decreased with further increased of Cd concentration of soil (P<0.05) and the lowest BCF of Cd in stem, leaves, roots and whole plant of elephant grass was observed when the Cd concentration of soil was 9.37 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05). Translocation factor (TF) results showed that TF initially increased when Cd concentration of soil increased from 1.68 mg·kg-1 to 2.99 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05), while the TF decreased with further increased of Cd concentration of soil (P<0.05) and the lowest TF of was observed when the Cd concentration of soil was 9.37 mg·kg-1 (P<0.05). Cadmium distribution coefficient results of stem explored that soil Cd concentration did not influence the Cd distribution coefficient of stem (P>0.05). Similarly, Cd distribution coefficient results of leaves explored that soil Cd concentration from 1.68 mg·kg-1 to 5.34 mg·kg-1 did not influence the Cd distribution coefficient of leaves (P>0.05), however, Cd concentration 9.37 mg·kg-1 in the soil significantly decreased the Cd distribution coefficient of leaves (P<0.05). Based on results of current study, it could be suggested that Cd polluted land in Hunan province of China could be repaired by planting elephant grass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new species (Kuvera huoditangensis sp. n. and Kuvera longwangshanensis sp. n.) in the family Cixiidae from China are described and illustrated. The generic characteristics are redefined. A checklist to all species of Kuvera worldwide and an identification key to the Chinese species are provided. A map of the geographic distribution of Kuvera species is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is universal agreement on the essential role of critical thinking in nursing practice. Most studies into this topic have provided descriptive statistical information and insights on related external factors such as educational environment and teaching strategies. However, there has been limited research into the psychological factors that may predict the disposition of students toward critical thinking. Purpose: This study explored the relationship between the disposition of nursing students toward critical thinking and their mental self-supporting ability to obtain a profile and determine the psychological predictors of critical thinking. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2013 using a convenience sample from four nursing schools. Four hundred six Chinese nursing undergraduates completed two questionnaires including (a) the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (Chinese version) and (b) the Mental Self-Supporting Questionnaire for University Students. Pearson's correlation and linear regression analysis were used to investigate the relationship between these two variables and the predicted positive psychological qualities for the critical thinking disposition of participants. Results: Average participant scores for critical thinking disposition and mental self-supporting were 280.91 ± 28.43 and 76.40 ± 8.47, respectively. Positive correlations were observed between these two variables (r = .583, p < .01) and participants' self-decision, self-cognition, self-confidence, and self-responsibility, which suggest that these factors play a significant role in critical thinking disposition (R² = .435, p < .01). Conclusions: The participants earned midlevel scores for both disposition toward critical thinking and mental self-supporting abilities. The four factors that had a major influence on critical thinking disposition included self-decision, self-cognition, self-confidence, and self-responsibility. Nursing educators should focus on improving the critical thinking ability of their students in these four aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Community health professionals play a significant role in dementia care. However, little is known about community health professionals' capacity in dementia care, especially in low and middle-income countries. The aim of the present study was to assess community health professionals' dementia knowledge, attitudes and care approach in China, a country with the largest population of people with dementia in the world and where community based dementia care services are much needed. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted. 450 health professionals were recruited into the study using random sampling from community health service centres in Changsha, China. Their knowledge, attitudes and care approach were assessed utilising the Chineseversion of the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale, Dementia Care Attitude Scale and Approach to Advanced Dementia Care Questionnaire respectively. Results: A total of 390 participants returned the questionnaire (response rate 87%). Age, education, professional group and care experience were associated with knowledge scores, and overall dementia knowledge was poor. Attitudes were generally positive and influenced by age, professional group, gender and care experience. The experience of caring for people with dementia was positively associated with a person-centred care approach, although the participants tended not to use a person-centred care approach. A statistically significant association was found between knowledge and attitudes (r = 0.379, P < 0.001), and between attitudes and care approach (r = 0.143, P < 0.001). However, dementia knowledge has no relationship with a person-centred approach. Conclusions: Community health professionals showed generally positive attitudes towards people with dementia. However, they demonstrated poor dementia knowledge and tended not to use a person-centred care approach. The results suggest that a multifaceted approach consisting of educational interventions for community health professionals, and policy and resource development to meet the demand for community dementia care services, is urgently needed in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent sham-controlled clinical study has shown that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound twice per week can safely and effectively treat patients with mild-to-moderate erectile dysfunction (ED). However, large-scale clinical trials are needed to verify its efficacy and safety and determine a reasonable treatment interval. To study whether low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy thrice per week is non-inferior to twice per week in patients with mild-to-moderate ED. A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority clinical trial was conducted in 7 hospitals in China. A total of 323 patients with mild-to-moderate ED were randomized (1:1) into thrice per week (3/W) and twice per week (2/W) groups. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound was applied on each side of the penis for 16 sessions. The primary outcome was response rate using the minimal clinically important difference in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) score at week 12. Secondary outcomes included Erection Hardness Score (EHS), Sexual Encounter Profile, Global Assessment Question, and Self Esteem and Relationship Questionnaire. Response rates in 3/W and 2/W groups were 62.0% and 62.5%, respectively. Treatment effect in the 3/W group was noninferior to that of the 2/W group, with rate difference lower bound of −0.01% [95% confidence interval −0.11 to 0.10%] within the acceptable margin (−14.0%). No significant difference was found among secondary outcomes. IIEF-EF score showed a significant increase from baseline in the 3/W group (16.8 to 20.7) and 2/W group (17.8 to 21.7), and the percentage of patients with EHS ≥3 increased in the 3/W (54.9% to 84.0%) and 2/W (59.5% to 83.5%) groups. There was no significant difference in response rate between the 2 groups after controlling for strata factors and homogeneous tests. No treatment-related adverse events were reported. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy displays similar efficacy and safety for mild-to-moderate ED when administered thrice or twice per week for 16 sessions. This study provides two options to suit patients' needs. This is a large-sample, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial study. Short-term follow-up and mostly younger patients are the main limitations. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy thrice and twice per week showed equivalent therapeutic effects and safety for mild-to-moderate ED in a young and generally healthy population. This therapy warrants further investigation of its potential value in rehabilitation of ED. Chen, H., Li Z., Li X., et al. The Efficacy and Safety of Thrice vs Twice per Week Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Sex Med 2022;19:1536–1545. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus a provincially-protected salamander species, inhabits mountainous areas of Chongqing and surrounding provinces in China. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of P. flavomaculatus was sequenced and analyzed. The mitogenome is 16,401 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. We performed a novel phylogenetic analysis, which demonstrated a sister relationship between P. flavomaculatus and P. jinfo. The 95% confidence interval around our new divergence date estimate suggest that Hynobiidae originated at 101.62-119.84 (mean=110.87) Ma. Species within Hynobiidae diverged successively in the Cenozoic era, and hynobiid speciation coincides primarily with geologic events. Our biogeographical inference demonstrates that nearly all early hynobiids divergences correspond to geological estimates of orogeny, which may have contributed to the notably high dN/dS ratio in this clade. We conclude that orogeny is likely a primary, dynamic factor, which may have repeatedly initiated the process of speciation in the family Hynobiidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus immunity level of healthy people in Hangzhou., Methods: Pertussis antibody, diphtheria antitoxin and tetanus antitoxin were tested. We carried out surveillance in different counties among the people at 2-4, 6-8, 13-15, 25-39 age group during 1995-2006., Results: It showed that the pertussis antibody positive rate of 1942 persons was 93.87%, GMT 1: 1037.36 IU/ml, the antibody of people in countryside for the people at 2-4 age group was lower than that of other groups and the difference was significant compared with 6-8, 13-15 age group (chi2 = 8.80, 6.13, P < 0.01). The diphtheria antitoxin positive rate of 2141 persons was 91.59%, with the GMT was 0.2911 IU/ml. The tetanus antitoxin positive rate of 2141 persons was 72.35%, GMT 0.095 IU/ml., Conclusions: We need to strengthen the EPI work in rural areas.

Objective: To study the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) complicated by chronic prostatitis., Methods: We performed routine examinations and bacterial culture of the expressed prostate secretion (EPS) for 213 cases of BPH, detected mycoplasma, chlamydia and serum PSA, and compared the results of IPSS of those complicated with chronic prostatitis before and after a 4-week anti-inflammatory treatment., Results: Of the total cases, 69 (32.4%) were complicated by chronic prostatitis, 27 (12.7%) EPS positive and 15 (7.0%) mycoplasma and chlamydia positive. Among the 69 cases of chronic prostatitis, 7 were found with an elevated level of PSA (> 4 microg/L), and 43 with the mean IPSS score decreased from (12.2 +/- 2.6) before anti-inflammatory treatment to (10.5 +/- 2.3) after it (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: EPS examination should be performed for patients with BPH, which is highly significant for the diagnosis of prostatitis, choice of medical or surgical treatment, improvement of therapeutic effect and reduction of complications.