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Background: Gut microbiome is a complex community of microbes present in the human gut and plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between virus and CRC has not been fully understood. Objective: To explore the hot spots and research trends in the field of CRC and virus. Methods: By using the bibliometric analysis tool CiteSpace and based on the articles of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, the country, institution, highly cited literature, keywords and so on were visually analyzed. Results: A total of 356 research articles on CRC from 2001 to 2023 were thoroughly analyzed. The USA and China have made the largest contribution in the field of virus and CRC. The Helmholtz Association published the most papers. There were relatively few cooperations among institutions from different countries. The results of keyword cluster analysis proved that the literature on the relationship between human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CRC was the most widely studied aspect in this field. "Gut microbiota," "inflammatory bowel disease," "hepatitis b virus," and "human papillomavirus infection" are the current research hotspots; "oncolytic virus," "apoptosis," and "gut microbiome" are the recent research frontiers and should be paid closer attention. Conclusion: By using CiteSpace bibliometric software, the visual analysis reflected the research trends and hot topics of virus and CRC. In addition, the prevalence and mechanism of specific virus on CRC were also reviewed, which provides valuable references for future CRC research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a well-known male-predominant inflammatory disease. This study aimed to assess the gender disparity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) in AS patients in China.Methods: AS patients were retrospectively studied at Peking Union Medical College hospital between January 2002 and June 2018.Results: Among 616 patients with AS, 154 (25.0%) patients had CKD (age, 41.8 ± 14.2 years; male:female, 3.2:1). Overall, 80 (13.0%) patients had only microscopic hematuria, 62 (10.1%) had proteinuria with or without hematuria, and 33 (5.4%) exhibited a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Male CKD patients had more frequent proteinuria (p < 0.01), less microscopic hematuria only (p < 0.01), and lower eGFR (p = 0.04) compared with females. CKD was independently associated with hyperuricemia and total cholesterol in females, and with hyperuricemia, hypertension, and serum albumin in males. After follow-up for 1-7 years, five patients required renal replacement therapy including two patients who were already at stage 5 CKD when enrolled and three patients whose creatinine doubled. One patient died in the male group. No patients in the female group showed progression of renal dysfunction.Conclusions: CKD is a common comorbidity in patients with AS. Male patients are more likely to develop severe manifestations compared with female patients. Hyperuricemia was a strong independent risk factor for CKD in both genders, while hypertension and low serum albumin were risk factors for CKD only in males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To find a credible nutritional screening tool for evaluating relationship between nutritional status and diseases in Chengdu female residents, the reliability and validity of a revised semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) were tested. The validity was assessed by comparing the SQFFQ with the 'standard' method of 3 days' dietary recall, and the reliability was assessed by comparing the first SQFFQ with the second SQFFQ at 4 weeks interval. Correlation analysis showed that, for reliability, the average correlation coefficient (CC) of 22 kinds of nutrients was 0.66 and reduced to 0.60 after adjusting for energy; the average of intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) was 0.65. For validity, the average CC was 0.35 and remained stable after adjusting for CC of energy or nutrients. Validity of 17 nutrients in SQFFQ survey had correlation with result of 3 days' dietary recall. The results showed that the revised SQFFQ can be used for investigating the role of nutrients in development of disease in Chengdu female residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elimination of malaria requires high-quality surveillance data to quickly detect and respond to individual cases. This study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria and ascertain the long-term epidemic trends of malaria by 2020 in Handan China. Case-level data for the period 2011 to 2020 were extracted from Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The lamp trap method was used to capture mosquitoes so that the characteristics of mosquitoes can be analyzed. The incidence, accuracy, and timeliness of malaria case diagnosis, reporting and investigation were evaluated at the elimination stage (2011-2020) in Handan City, China. Between 2011 and 2020, 94 malaria cases were reported in Handan City, of which 93 malaria cases were male and all of which were imported from abroad. The annual average incidence decreased from 622.33/100,000 to 0.11/100,000 in the elimination stage. Since the initiation of the National Malaria Elimination Program in 2010, malaria cases have been consistent with the increase in overseas export channels and labor personnel service. There is a need to strengthen malaria surveillance of returning workers from Africa and to conduct timely blood tests to diagnose and treat imported infections. Local authorities ensure that imported malaria cases can be timely diagnosed, reported, treated and investigated at local level., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Objective: The cost-effectiveness of NUDT15 genetic testing-guided initial 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) dosing in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was evaluated., Methods: A decision tree model was used to evaluate the cost to China's medical system per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained and cost per case of severe leukopenia avoided of NUDT15 genetic testing using public clinical data., Results: Genetic testing-guided initial 6-MP dosing reduced overall costs by $518.61, and prevented 0.221 cases of Grade III-IV leukopenia and increased QALY by 0.00136 per patient. Results were robust in one-way analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analyses., Conclusion: NUDT15 genetic testing prior to the initial administration of 6-MP in pediatric ALL patients in China is less expensive than standard dosing without genetic testing., (© 2021. Japanese Society of Hematology.)

Unexpected poor ovarian response (UPOR) is a problem for both clinicians and infertile couples, because our understanding of this situation is limited. This article investigated incidence of UPOR in women <35 years with normal ovarian reserve function with further analysis.This is a retrospective study, which included 567 women who accepted their first IVF-ET/ICSI. Based on the number of oocytes retrieved, clinic pregnancy rate of fresh cycle, and cycle cancellation rate of fresh cycle, the included cycles were divided into three groups namely unexpected poor ovarian response (UPOR) (n = 120), for which number of oocytes retrieved was not more than 6; normal ovarian response (NOR) (n = 223), for which number of oocytes retrieved was between 7 and 12; and unexpected high ovarian response (UHOR) (n = 224), for which the number of oocytes retrieved was 13 at least. The comparisons of clinical outcomes and correlated hormones among groups were carried out.The incidence of UPOR in Chinese women is 21.16%. Patient age (χ = 6.177, P = .0129), basic FSH (χ = 20.585, P < .0001), basic LH (χ = 11.689, P = .0006), and AFC (χ = 8.053, P = .0045) might be helpful for diagnosis of UPOR.The basic evaluation of ovarian function may no longer be simplified into normal and abnormal ovarian reserve function; rather, by using a detailed numerical analysis, such as basal FSH and LH levels, the ovarian response to ovulation induction may be predicted to some extent.

Introduction: Adjuvant chemotherapy with the CapeOX regimen is now widely used for treating colorectal cancer. However, prior studies have demonstrated better efficacy of pre-operative/neoadjuvant chemotherapy without increase of safety risks., Methods and Analysis: This multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, phase III study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of perioperative CapeOX chemotherapy with the postoperative one for treating patients with locally advanced R0 resectable colon cancers in China. In total 1370 eligible patients will be randomised to: the test group, up to four cycles (every 3 weeks is a cycle, Q3W) of chemotherapy plus radical surgery plus up to four cycles of post-operative chemotherapy; or the control group, radical surgery first, then up to eight cycles of chemotherapy. In each cycle, oxaliplatin will be given at a dose of 130 mg/m 2 through continuous IV infusion for 2 hours on the first day. From day 1 to day 14, capecitabine will be taken orally every morning and evening at a dose of 1000mg/m 2 /d. The primary outcome measure is the 3-year disease free survival. The objective response rate, R0 resection rate, overall survival, as well as the adverse events will also be measured as second endpoints. The study may include two periods. If results of period 1 are not favourable, period 2 will be initiated, recruiting genetically sensitive patients and repeating the same process with period 1., Ethics and Dissemination: Informed consent will be required from, and provided, by all subjects. The study protocol has been approved by the independent ethics committee of Shanghai Fudan University Cancer Centre. This study will clearly demonstrate the potential benefit of perioperative chemotherapy with the CapeOX regimen. Results will be shared among all the participating centres, and with policymakers and the academic community to promote the clinical management of colon cancer., Trial Registration Number: NCT03125980., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are autoimmune demyelinating diseases of the central nerve system. Interleukin-7 (IL-7) and interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) were proved to be important in the pathogenesis of both diseases because of the roles they played in the differentiations of autoimmune lymphocytes. The variants of both genes had been identified to be associated with MS susceptibility in Caucasian, Japanese and Korean populations. However, the association of these variants with NMO and MS has not been well studied in Chinese Southeastern Han population. Here, we aimed to evaluate the association of six IL-7 variants (rs1520333, rs1545298, rs4739140, rs6993386, rs7816065, and rs2887502) and one variant of IL-7RA (rs6897932) with NMO and MS among Chinese Han population in southeastern China., Methods: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MassARRAY system) and Sanger sequencing were used to determine the variants of IL-7 and IL-7RA in 167 NMO patients, 159 MS patients and 479 healthy controls among Chinese Han population in southeastern China. Samples were excluded if the genotyping success rate <90%., Results: Statistical differences were observed in the genotypes of IL-7 rs1520333 in MS patients and IL-7RA rs6897932 in NMO patients, compared with healthy controls (P = 0.035 and 0.034, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in the genotypes of IL-7 rs2887502 between MS and NMO patients (P = 0.014). And there were statistically significant differences in the rs6897932 genotypes (P = 0.004) and alleles (P = 0.042) between NMO-IgG positive patients and healthy controls., Conclusions: The study suggested that among Chinese Han population in southeastern China, the variant of IL-7RA (rs6897932) was associated with NMO especially NMO-IgG positive patients while the variant of IL-7 (rs1520333) with MS patients. And the genotypic differences of IL-7 rs2887502 between MS and NMO indicated the different genetic backgrounds of these two diseases.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrinological disease with heterogeneous phenotype. Obesity contributes to the increased prevalence and severity of PCOS. Whether the intakes of major nutrients are higher in Chinese PCOS patients is still unknown., Objectives: To study the intakes of total energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate in Southwest Chinese PCOS patients., Methods: 1854 women were included in the cross-sectional study. A population-based case-control study was conducted. The dietary habits and nutrients intake status of 169 PCOS patients and 338 age-matched controls were investigated by the method of semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire., Results: The actual intake of total energy (P = 0.01) and fat (P = 0.01) were higher, but carbohydrate was lower (P = 0.01) in PCOS patients as compared with the controls. The energy percentage supplied by protein (12.33% ± 2.27% vs. 19.26% ± 5.91%, P<0.001) and carbohydrate (48.72% ± 6.41% vs. 68.31% ± 8.37%, P<0.001) were lower in Southwest Chinese PCOS patients than those of control, however, the energy percentage supplied by fat was higher (38.95% ± 5.71% vs. 12.42% ± 5.13%, P<0.001) in PCOS., Conclusions: Limit the intake of total energy and fat shall be recommended to the Southwest Chinese PCOS patients. Women with PCOS in Southwest China shall consult with the nutritionist for improving the dietary structure.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are chronic demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, variants of vitamin D metabolizing genes, including rs12368653, rs10876994, rs118204009 and rs703842 in CYP27B1, and rs2248359 in CYP24A1 have been identified to be associated with the pathogenicity of MS in Caucasian populations. However, these results have not been replicated in Han Chinese population. Here we investigated the association of these variants with MS and NMO susceptibility in 149 MS patients, 110 NMO patients and 294 healthy controls using MassARRAY system and Sanger sequencing. We found that the frequencies of the A allele of rs703842 were higher in MS patients than controls (p=0.032), and statistical differences were observed in the genotypes of both rs703842 (p=0.013) and rs10876994 (p=0.001) between NMO patients and controls. In addition, we found difference in the genotype of rs12368653 between MS patients and controls (p=0.008). However, no difference was found in rs2248359 among these three groups. The reported rare mutation p.R389H (rs118204009) was not found in our study. In conclusion, our study suggested that variants of CYP27B1 were associated with both MS and NMO patients in Han Chinese population., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. The data on this syndrome in a Chinese community are limited., Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was undertaken. Cluster-randomized sampling was used. Female residents of Chengdu aged between 12 and 44 were included according to the constituent ratio of the female population of Sichuan province. We used three diagnostic criteria to determine the prevalence: the National Institutes of Health diagnostic criteria of PCOS (NIH-1990), the revised Rotterdam diagnostic criteria of PCOS (Rott-2003), and the recommended diagnostic criteria of PCOS by the Androgen Excess Society (AES-2006)., Results: 1,645 participants were included. The prevalence of PCOS in women aged between 12 and 44 was 7.1, 11.2 and 7.4%, respectively, according to the three different criteria. After the onset of puberty, the prevalence of PCOS increased rapidly from 12 to 14 years of age, peaked between 15 and 24 and decreased gradually thereafter and reached its lowest point before menopause., Conclusions: The prevalence of PCOS in this study was in the PCOS prevalence range from existing studies. According to the trend of prevalence, PCOS might be a temporary condition., (© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

A total of 112 Fusarium isolates were obtained from 36 soil samples collected from the greenhouse melon fields of Liaoning Province, among which, 11 species were identified by traditional morphological classification and rDNA sequence analysis. Universally Primed PCR (UP-PCR) was conducted to analyze the 25 strains of test Fusarium isolates and 3 strains of positive control Fusarium isolates. The results indicated that a total of 73 bands appeared after amplification by using 6 primers, and 66 bands (90.4%) were polymorphic. The isolates were clustered into eight groups at the similarity of 0.736 by cluster analysis, among which, 14 isolates were clustered into one group. It was concluded that UP-PCR could present the genetic relationship and difference among Fusarium strains, being able to be used as an assistant method for Fusarium classification.