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Abstract Kitchen waste (KW) is one of the most important solid wastes in cities. The amount of KW generated in China's cities is very large per capita, and processing technology is simple. Based on a data analysis, field investigation and experimental research, KW is acidic, has high moisture content, has high organic matter content, and has a big difference in C/N ratio. It is found that comprehensive utilization of KW has great advantages by means of SWOT analysis. Complete KW resource utilization can be achieved through a comprehensive treatment technology consisting of pretreatment, wet solution, oil-water separation and anaerobic digestion. Grease is converted to ester through acid catalytic pre-esterification and alkaline catalytic transesterification reaction, followed by vacuum distillation to generate biodiesel. Biological desulfurization was effective in purifying the biogas. The comprehensive treatment products include biodiesel and biogas. This study has important guiding significance for the treatment of KW. Highlights • Anaerobic digestion is suitable for kitchen waste with high organic matter content. • Comprehensive treatment technology achieves full resource utilization of kitchen waste. • Grease extraction is completed using a two-stage oil-water separation system. • Vacuum distillation was used to produce biodiesel after the grease is converted to ester. • Biogas is purified via biological and dry desulfurization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Resource intensification is often viewed as a precursor to sedentism and thereby to agriculture. Late Upper Paleolithic sites in China are also seen as important precursors to the beginnings of sedentism and agriculture, but few faunal assemblages have been studied in detail and therefore little is known of pre-Neolithic economies in the region. A large faunal sample from a key site for early pottery and possible rice collection sheds light on subsistence strategies at the end of the Paleolithic. We apply an array of taphonomic analyses to the mammal remains to investigate the extent to which carcasses were processed for within-bone nutrients, which we see as a possible indicator of resource intensification. Determining if this is a regional trend, and/or represents diachronic change in subsistence strategies, will depend on the availability of comparative data in the future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]