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This paper sets out to accomplish the following: (i) to define the relationship of child morbidity of the digestive system with the low radiation internal dose, taking into account the environmental landscape-geochemical conditions of residence territory and the age peculiarities of children, (ii) to select groups composed of children 0-14 years old and who live in analogical environmental and social-economic conditions to comparatively study the preferential influencing only of the Chernobyl radiation factor, (iii) to reveal the tendencies in the dynamics of prevalence rate of digestive system diseases which facilitate or impede 137Cs migration (520-579 based on ICD-9) for the period after the Chernobyl accident for children with high (>100 kBq/m²), middle (47 kBq/m²) and low (< 10 kBq/m²) contamination levels and (iv) to calculate the internal doses of 137Cs for variable cohorts with different dose-forming histories (different ages at the start of exposure, its duration and diet contamination, types of soil). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]