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Biodiversity offsetting, a conservation approach to offset loss of habitat and ecosystem services, has been widely accepted and implemented in different legislative frameworks around the globe. I assigned sentiment scores (from −3 [very negative] to +3 [very positive]) to online news articles to examine public sentiment toward offsetting. I identified 86 pertinent articles published from 2013 to 2023 by web scraping online media outlets through keywords. I examined article content based on topics commonly associated in scientific literature with offsetting, such as risks or financial aspects. Most articles were from Australia (44%), 16% were from the United Kingdom, and 5% were from Colombia and Madagascar. Three distinct groups covered finances (n = 47), species, and social impacts of offsetting (n = 23) and offsetting frameworks (n = 16). Articles covering monetary and finance aspects had a lower predicted sentiment score (−0.72, 95% CI −0.98 to −0.47) than articles that covered new, alternative offsetting forms (−0.15, 95% CI −0.46 to 0.17), such as mitigation banking and credits. In articles focused on charismatic species and loss of livelihood, offsetting risk and social issues were associated with low sentiment scores (<−0.85). Sentiment scores were high for articles on offsetting at a multicountry or global scale (0.47, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.99), and scores were the lowest in Australia (−1.03, 95% CI −1.36 to −0.70). Public sentiment based on media articles was generally negative toward offsetting, and many of the ecological and methodological issues and risks were reflected in the articles, but mitigation measures as a prerequisite to offsetting were mentioned in only 18% of all articles. With the seemingly high public interest in conservation and hence offsetting, it will be imperative to expand the current breadth of information about offsetting that is being communicated or made available to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The subfamily Eumolpinae stands out as one of the most diverse in Coleoptera with almost 7000 species. Despite its richness, it is one of the least studied groups in the neotropics, costituting a true taxonomic disorder and a group whose characteristics are practically unknown in different aspects. In order to organize and build the base with which to generate interest and promote research on the group for Colombia, a list of the species recorded for the country is generated from all the existing bibliography. In total, Colombia has 231 species of eumolpines, 46% of them registered as endemic. The departments with the highest number of records are Cundinamarca, Antioquia, Tolima and Boyacá, which does not reflect the real distribution of the group and is a consequence of the lack of information at the national level, which leads to the fact that several records must be verified by reviewing entomological collections and field collections. At the taxonomic level, an in-depth treatment of the genera and species is necessary, as well as promoting the training of taxonomists and the development of tools that facilitate the study of the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aquatic beetles of the Elmidae family are widely used in the hydrobiological monitoring of lotic ecosystems. In this work, samples belonging to 22 municipalities and 38 bodies of water in the department of Antioquia were reviewed, which were collected using a triangular or surber network. The species Cylloepus francescae, C. whitemanae, Macrelmis clypeata, M. elicioi and Disersus longipennis are recorded for the first time in Colombia. This information contributes to the updating of the number of species and geographical distribution of the family Elmidae in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new salamander species of the genus Bolitoglossa is here described from the cloud forests of the western slopes of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia, in the Cundinamarca department. The most salient characters of this new species are its numerous maxillary and vomerine teeth, its moderate webbing on hands and feet, its short and robust tail, and its chromatic variation. Based on molecular analyses this new species is assigned to the adspersa species group and its status established as the sister species of B. adspersa, with which it was previously confused. Lastly, the distribution, natural history, and conservation status of the new species are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Derecho del Estado is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Horticolas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Entramado is the property of Universidad Libre Seccional Cali and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dixi is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Here it is presented an updated list of the diversity of macrofungi (excluding lichenized fungi) of the Phyllum Basidiomycota for Colombia. The list was built based on online publications and databases such as: Colombian Biodiversity Information System, Global Biodiversity Information Infrastructure, and the databases of the herbaria of the University of Antioquia and the New York Botanical Garden. A total of 24 orders, 96 families, 418 genera and 1353 species are recorded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marine Natural Products (MNPs) isolated from samples collected in Colombia have been an object of study since the early 1980's; however, this information is neither integrated nor compiled. This systematic review describes the articles published in scientific journals up to December 2019. 173 papers met the inclusion criteria of focusing on MNPs obtained from specimens collected from Colombian seas; all original papers written in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The selected papers were mostly authored by researchers from Colombian groups, with low interaction amongst themselves. 99.4% of the papers studied samples collected from the Caribbean Sea; 183 species were studied, mainly sponges and octocorals. In this study, 1,690 compounds (238 new ones) were reviewed, mainly diterpenes and sterol derivatives. Of the selected papers, 76.8% measured various biological activities, including antibiotic (34%) and anticancer (30%). These papers were published in 51 journals (74.6% were international). In conclusion, scientific work on natural marine products of Colombian origin has incremented over time. The most relevant opportunities to address and fill existing gaps comprise: exploring Pacific Ocean organisms and several of the misrepresented taxa; promoting strong interactions amongst the MNPs research groups, and accordingly with other areas of knowledge; and having the productive sector participate in MNPs research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: Colombia has experienced multiple land-cover changes derived from socio-economic policies that have reduced the high biodiversity of the country. Knowledge gap: In the Orinoquía region, the pressure to expand the agricultural frontier is increasing, without considering the importance of its natural resources. Purpose: This paper aimed to analyze the land-cover variations associated with agricultural practices, in the department of Vichada, with a special interest in vulnerable ecosystems, such as the Bita's river basin, using Geographic Information System [GIS] analysis of historical images taken by a remote sensor from the United States Geological Service [USGS] Earth Explorer portal. Methodology: Documental review and an analysis of satellite images from 1985 to 2017. Results and conclusions: The results showed that in Vichada, during a 32-year period, there was a transition from forest to cropland and pastures, in which 60% of the forest cover got lost. Moreover, areas of natural savannas were also replaced with pastures for livestock production. These land-cover changes were associated with government policies that fomented illegal occupation of land, monocultures, and nonnative plantation forests. Bita's river basin also lost a significant part of forest cover because of agribusiness development in the municipality of Puerto Carreño (Vichada). These land-cover changes have an impact on the ecological integrity of significant ecosystems and in their functionality in the region, that is why, conservation measures must be implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biological specimens belonging to the Notodontidae (Lepidoptera) moth family deposited in the "Luis María Murillo" National Taxonomic Collection of Insects (NTCI) in Cundinamarca, Colombia were studied. A total of 202 specimens, 50 species, 33 genera, and seven subfamilies were found. Of these, two species are endemic, and 20 species are reported for the first time in Colombia. The Heterocampinae subfamily and the genus Hemiceras had the highest number of species, with 19 and 10 species respectively. Additionally, six new host plants are reported for the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The beetle families Carabidae and Cicindelidae, with about 40 000 species worldwide, play an increasing role in biodiversity conservation and ecological studies in Colombia, which makes a faunistic update all the more necessary. We present and analyze a checklist of the species so far described or registered from Colombia until 2020, based on published studies, and their distribution data at the department level. Carabidae are represented by 625 species and Cicindelidae by 100. Magdalena, Cundinamarca and Valle del Cauca are the departments with the highest record numbers of Carabidae, while Cicindelidae are most frequently cited from Valle del Cauca, Antioquia and Meta. The greater sampling effort in these regions is likely due to the accessibility of their natural areas from the main towns. The geographical distribution of Cicindelidae is better documented, with only 17 % of the species without mention of specific localities within the country, against 40 % in Carabidae. Hyper-diverse regions, such as the Chocó and the Amazon, are underrepresented. The number of species currently recorded is therefore estimated to be much lower than true diversity for both families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Assessing the impact of global changes and protection effectiveness is a key step in monitoring marine fishes. Most traditional census methods are demanding or destructive. Nondisturbing and nonlethal approaches based on video and environmental DNA are alternatives to underwater visual census or fishing. However, their ability to detect multiple biodiversity factors beyond traditional taxonomic diversity is still unknown. For bony fishes and elasmobranchs, we compared the performance of eDNA metabarcoding and long‐term remote video to assess species' phylogenetic and functional diversity. We used 10 eDNA samples from 30 L of water each and 25 hr of underwater videos over 4 days on Malpelo Island (pacific coast of Colombia), a remote marine protected area. Metabarcoding of eDNA detected 66% more molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) than species on video. We found 66 and 43 functional entities with a single eDNA marker and videos, respectively, and higher functional richness for eDNA than videos. Despite gaps in genetic reference databases, eDNA also detected a higher fish phylogenetic diversity than videos; accumulation curves showed how 1 eDNA transect detected as much phylogenetic diversity as 25 hr of video. Environmental DNA metabarcoding can be used to affordably, efficiently, and accurately census biodiversity factors in marine systems. Although taxonomic assignments are still limited by species coverage in genetic reference databases, use of MOTUs highlights the potential of eDNA metabarcoding once reference databases have expanded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we present results of two phases of a research project about biodiversity as a knowledge problem. The first phase focused on documentary analysis of this topic from publications produced worldwide in the fields of biology, anthropology, philosophy and education; the second one prioritized the analysis of syllabus related to biodiversity and its teaching in three programs for the training of Biology teachers in Colombia. Methodologically the two phases correspond to the interpretive hermeneutical approach. The results of the first phase led to the formulation of a multidimensional perspective of biodiversity consisting of the categories: biological, economic-political, philosophical, sociocultural, and educational. This led the investigation into finding that the second phase is the one with the least development. Regarding the analysis of the syllabus, we made evident the biological dimension as a majority trend in the three programs, for this reason, we see the need to make teacher training more complex by articulating the other dimensions. The objective of the article is to expose the first four dimensions, based on what was found in the documentary analysis, elucidating some features of the educational dimension. Additionally, it is intended to identify the place that dimensions occupy in the initial training of biology teachers, based on the information consigned in the syllabus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We sampled the butterfly community in the municipality of Solano, department of Caquetá, in Colombian Amazonia. The collection of butterflies was carried out during four consecutive days at four study locations, using bait traps and active search nets. Each location had 12 sampling points, with a distance of 250 m between points, for a total sampling length of three kilometers. We collected 487 individuals belonging to 110 species, 80 genera, 28 tribes, 17 subfamilies and six families. The families with the highest abundance and number of species were Nymphalidae, with 68.2% (75 spp.), Riodinidae 11.8% (13 spp.) and Pieridae 10% (11 spp.). The best represented subfamily was Satyrinae (N=228), particularly the tribe Morphini (N=65). Remarkable findings include six species of Marpesia, one third of the species described for the genus, and Gunayan rubricollis, a rare species in Colombia. The present research confirms the diversity of butterflies in Amazon forests, where more than 40% of the species are indicators of the forest's good state of conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild fruits have been an integral part of the diet of rural inhabitants in tropical America. In Colombia, information on the use of wild fruits appears scattered in the ethnobotanical literature and herbaria collections, limiting the design of conservation and use strategies. This review aims to synthesize information about the wild fruit species used in Colombia. We reviewed herbarium collections and literature references. We recorded 703 species in 76 families, among which Fabaceae (66 species), Arecaceae (58), and Passifloraceae (44) were the most diverse. The genera with more species were Inga (42), Passiflora (42), and Pouteria (21). Most species are widely distributed in tropical America, and only 45 (6.4 %) are endemic to Colombia. The regions with the largest number of species were the Amazon (388), Andes (144), and Pacific (111). Most of the recorded species, 613 (87.2 %), are exclusively wild, whereas 90 (12.8 %) are wild or cultivated. Wild edible fruits have a high potential for agriculture, novel products and nutritional improvement; however, it is vital to create strategies to revalorize their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Agricolas is the property of University of Narino, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work carried out a multi-criteria analysis of the medicinal plants grown in the village "Altos de Ceylan," municipality of Viotá (Cundinamarca, Colombia), as a step towards the ecological certification and sustainable use of the existing plant biodiversity in Colombia, combined with the dialogue of knowledge, which is aimed at rescuing traditional knowledge by local communities and building new insights. The multi-criteria analysis allowed us to define the environmental and economic criteria weighted for the selection of the medicinal plants to be certified as ecological products. "The dialogue of knowledge" is a methodology that establishes an exchange of knowledge between the academy --in this case, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca and the National University of Colombia--, researchers and local communities, represented in this study by women belonging to "Seeds of Hope and Peace, Association of Women Victims of Armed Conflict" [Asociación Semillas de Esperanza y Paz de Mujeres Víctimas del Conflicto Armado] (Asepamuvic). The insights built encompassed traditional knowledge regarding the cultivation, management and use of locally-grown medicinal and aromatic plants, making it possible to identify promising species such as sábila (Aloe vera Linnaeus), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), prontoalivio (Lippia alba-Verbena), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla Linneo), mint (Mentha piperita Linneo), thyme (Pectis graveolens Klatt), parsley (Petroselinum crispum (Mill.)), and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis Linneo), based on the analysis of environmental and economic criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a review of the Epipsocidae from two Natural Parks in the Colombian amazon, two species of Neurostigma were found, one of which corresponds to N. xanthopterum, a new record for the country; the other being a new species which is here described and illustrated. A key for identiication of the described species (males) is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the normative design, which regulates research in Colombia and the practices of researchers from an ethical approach, by addressing critical issues in the health sciences, social sciences, and environmental disciplines, to conclude that it is necessary to strengthen state control in these issues, the updating of the regulations and greater training of researchers and members of Ethics Committees in research, especially in the protection of participants, animal care, conflicts of interest, the management of communities, and vulnerable groups, community protocols, informed consent, prior consultation, biodiversity care, and access to genetic resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to analyze the ecosystems of paramo as a vital source of water production, in addition, of the great relevance for the progress and subsistence of human beings and other species that depend on them to fully carry out their normal cycle of life, Water is an essential element for development, without it there simply would not exist human life or that of many species that depend on that vital resource, in addition, on the other hand there are industries and economic sectors that also depend on water To supply their daily demand in each of their activities, it is also analyzed how the exploitation of non-renewable natural resources generate great environmental impact especially in this type of ecosystem. The Colombian state has important regulation in environmental matters, which aims at the preservation of ecosystems and oppose that climate change progresses increasingly, within this content it is pertinent to highlight the law 1930 of July 27, 2018 through which provisions are made for the integral management of the moors in Colombia, through this regulation the Colombian government seeks the protection, preservation, restoration and, more importantly, the awareness of the importance of the defense of these natural factories of water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caiman zoo breeding (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) has been developing with greater force in Colombia since the 90s. It is essential to evaluate the physiological ranges of the species to be able to assess those situations in which their health is threatened. The objective of the present study was to determine the typical hematological values of the Caiman (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) with the aid of the microhematocrit, the cyanmethemoglobin technique, and a hematological analyzer. The blood samples were taken from 120 young animals of both sexes in good health apparently (males 44 and females 76). The samples were taken from the coccygeal vein between the second and third interscalar space with lilac lid vacutainer tube whit acid ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic as an anticoagulant. The animals are located in the middle of the Magdalena area in Colombia. The results obtained on average were Hematocrit: 23.36%, Hemoglobin: 7.78 g/dl, Red blood cells: 3.89 106/µL, Average corpuscular volume: 60 fl, Average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration: 33.33 g/dl and Average corpuscular hemoglobin: 73.9 pg. This is the first study of hematological values for this particular species in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several scientific reasons support continuing bird collection in Colombia, a megadiverse country with modest science financing. Despite the recognized value of biological collections for the rigorous study of biodiversity, there is scarce information on the monetary costs of specimens. We present results for three expeditions conducted in Santander (municipalities of Cimitarra, El Carmen de Chucurí, and Santa Barbara), Colombia, during 2018 to collect bird voucher specimens, quantifying the costs of obtaining such material. After a sampling effort of 1290 mist net hours and occasional collection using an airgun, we collected 300 bird voucher specimens, representing 117 species from 30 families. Such collection represents one of the largest series obtained during the historical ornithological exploration of Santander. We report differences among expeditions regarding the capture rate in mist nets, as well as differences in the sizes of taxa collected by mist nets and airgun. We discuss results in the context of previous ornithological expeditions in Colombia, commenting issues on the biology of some species, particularly those considered as noteworthy records (e.g., Red-legged Tinamou [Crypturellus erythropus], Cinnamon Screech Owl [Megascops petersoni], Saffron-headed Parrot [Pyrilia pyrilia], Black Inca [Coeligena prunellei], and Chestnut-crowned Gnateater [Conopophaga castaneiceps]). We calculated that the costs of obtaining and curating a specimen in Colombia, including tissues for molecular analysis, was ~US$60.4 (~$196 176 COP), which is among published costs of obtaining voucher specimens in other taxa and countries. These costs must be considered an investment in scientific capital because voucher specimens will provide biological information for hundreds of years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) are a diverse and cosmopolitan group of Hemiptera that feed on plants, and occasionally cause losses due to the direct damage they inflict to their hosts, or by transmission of viruses and phytoplasmas. Phytoplasmas are plant pathogenic bacteria that can adversely affect many plant families. In the Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia, several species of urban trees, potatoes, and strawberry crops are affected by phytoplasma diseases. The family Cicadellidae contains the largest number of known vectors of phytoplasmas, but in Colombia, knowledge of their biology is scarce. The objective of this work was to characterize the diversity of Cicadellidae associated with kikuyu grass Cenchrus clandestinus (Hochst. ex Chiov.) Morrone (Poaceae) in the grasslands of the Sabana de Bogotá, at an urban site of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and a semirural site at the Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, located in Bogotá and Cajicá, Colombia, respectively. Species richness, abundance, and cicadellid dominance were compared for the 2 sampling sites, using alpha and beta diversity estimators. In total, 3,334 leafhoppers were collected, represented by subfamilies Deltocephalinae (82.3%), Cicadellinae (15.8%), Aphrodinae (1.2%), Iassinae (0.6%), Idiocerinae (0.03%), and Typhlocybinae (0.03%). Of the 15 leafhopper species present, 6 were identified to the species level. DNA barcodes were established for 12 morphotypes, including 6 species and 6 superior taxa by amplification of the COI gene. In both locations, the sampling effort was deemed insufficient. Species richness at Universidad Militar Nueva Granada was greater (n = 13) than at Universidad Nacional de Colombia (n = 10), but abundance was higher at Universidad Nacional de Colombia (n = 1,982) than at Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (n = 1,352). The 2 most abundant species were Amplicephalus funzaensis Linnavuori and Exitianus atratus Linnavuori (both Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), both recorded as vectors of phytoplasmas. Other common leafhopper species in collections were Haldorus sp. and Dalbulus sp. (both Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and are considered possible phytoplasma vectors. Because C. clandestinus is host to several cicadellid species, it may play an important role in the epidemiology of phytoplasma transmission in the Sabana de Bogotá. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy for rural areas must be based on creative solutions that use this resource as a means of improving quality of life for the most isolated populations, and not as an end in themselves, as set out in the 2030 agenda of the United Nations and in several of its SDG's (Sustainable Development Goals). Some proposals and solutions in protected areas have taught us that through a better understanding of the requirements, ecosystem realities, and available technological solutions that are culturally acceptable and that involve the communities in their maintenance, the private sector can be interested in being part of these solutions, taking advantage of derived co-benefits. These energy solutions must be less carbon intensive, resilient and adaptable to climate phenomena, and generated from the abundant renewable natural resources that occur in certain regions, such as wind, sun, water and biomass. In this way, energy solutions can be implemented to advance towards universal coverage of energy services in Colombia, especially in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tropical Grasslands / Forrajes Tropicales is the property of International Centre for Tropical Agriculture - CIAT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present the compilation of published and unpublished records of continental copepods of Colombia, as well as personal observations by the authors, yielding an additional list of 52 species and subspecies (7 calanoids, 20 cyclopoids, 25 harpacticoids). In addition to our former inventory (2007) of 69 species, the total number now reaches 121 taxa, increasing by 75% the known number of continental copepods. Freshwater taxa increased in 15 species and subspecies. The number of brackish species (and marine species collected in brackish environments), recorded from coastal lagoons and temporal offshore ponds reached 39 species and subspecies. Thirteen taxa with locus typicus in Colombia have been described since 2007. Between 2007 and 2018, thirty-nine departmental records were made, and 43 new habitat records were reported (not including the species recorded as new for the country). Parasitic copepods of fish reached six species. However, the number of species is expected to increase with the survey of poorly studied regions like the Amazon and the Eastern Plains, and habitats like groundwater, benthos of lakes and ponds, semiterrestrial environments and additional coastal lagoons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas Scientiarum is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)