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Introduction: Palliative care development requires the intervention of multiple dimensions of public health, including the availability of health services, essential medicines, and educational programs. In Colombia, several changes have been made in public policy to promote the care of people with palliative needs. Objective: To empirically evaluate existing public policies on palliative care and their implications for the availability of services, opioids, and educational programs during the years 2010 to 2019 in Colombia. Materials and methods: A mixed sequential exploratory study was designed in three phases: identification of empirical indicators of national policies, palliative care situational diagnosis, and qualitative assessment of the results of policy implementation in seven regional nodes in Colombia. Results: Seven standards were reviewed, yielding 12 empirical indicators for assessment, six of which had no sources of information. The national diagnosis shows a gradual increase in services and opioid use during the landmark years of policy development. Forty-four palliative care professionals perceive a positive effect of public policy on opioid use and low outcomes for service and education domains. Conclusions: There is a positive relationship between public policy and opioid use, a positive quantitative relationship with palliative care services, and a negative quantitativequalitative relationship with educational programs. This indicates a low operational status of policies designed to alleviate the pain and suffering associated with advanced chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the generalized financial infeasibility of the Health Promoting Entities (EPS), the aim was to provide elements of public policy in regulatory matters. Elements related to the permanence and stability of the EPS of the General System of Social Security in Health. The financial situation of the EPS in the years 2008 and 2019 was evaluated through an analysis of the income statement, the financial and capital structure. Likewise, regulatory failures that allow the existence of heterodox situations for the General System of Social Security in Health are shown. Some of them are vertical integration and significant financial leverage with suppliers, in which not paying interest along with practices of glosses and discounts for early payment, allow to have a low cost of debt. The General System of Social Security in Health has a high and progressive participation in which, finally, in the long term, the State assumes the risk by maintaining a financial structure with negative equity that, under current conditions, does not make insurance viable as a whole and affects performance. This situation warrants a review of the scope of the public sector in the health sector and, from this approach, the architecture of the General System of Social Security in Health because health and well-being opportunities for the population are lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze synergies and continuities between municipal agreements related to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Medellín, Colombia between the years 2000-2013, as a process that goes beyond the formalization of discourse. Methodology: qualitative study, 57 agreements were reviewed and twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders. Findings: the formulation of some agreements was based on external orientations or local diagnosis, which shows continuity and coherence in the sequence of the policy cycle. Regarding synergy, they propose actions to positively impact the decisions taken: building alliances and networks at different levels; development of information, education, and communication strategies; fostering citizen participation, and improving access to health care. Conclusion: the analysis involved considering relationships between policies that contemplate actions that have an effect on cardio- cerebrovascular diseases and enable their continuity given the budgetary, administrative, and implementation conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem lies on the structuring and development of regional and territorial public drug policy in Colombia. Justification: The document Conpes 155 requires the definition of the public pharmaceutical policy framework in Colombia, and therefore defining it at the departmental and local level. Method: the analytical foundation of the Conpes like the use of the logical framework methodology, serve as methodical tools for the application of the project. Framework: review of the definition or compliance of international drug policies. Main results: the approach of the public pharmaceutical policy in the department of Antioquia and the application of such a scenario in the capital city of Medellin. Conclusions: the construction of a public national drug policy is still in its infancy, fact that hinders the establishment of a territorial public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflects upon the reach of the contribution from nursing in the management and development of public policies for adequate assignment of resources that facilitate better healthcare in the Colombian population. Este artículo reflexiona acerca de los alcances de los aportes de enfermería en la gestión y desarrollo de políticas públicas para una adecuada disposición de los recursos que faciliten una mejor atención en salud a la población colombiana. Este artigo reflexiona a respeito dos alcances dos aportes da enfermagem na gestäo e desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para urna adequada disposiçâo dos recursos que facilite um melhor atendímento na saúde à populaçâo colombiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose is to discuss under some premises of Foucault`s biopolitics, governmental practices in the field of the contemporary dominium of public mental health. Within this epistemology, I would like to revise the emergence of the device of the Public Policy on mental health attention for forced internal displacement victims at Colombia in the past decade. Under the Sentencia T 025 the Colombian constitutional court obliges the government to recognize the existence of forced internal displacement and states mandatory the provision of mental health attention to victims. I suggest that this dominium of the public policy in mental health for victims of sociopolitical violence is a biopolitic exercise, where the devices mainly used in public mental health such as population and individuals act upon certain groups focalizing interventions. This mediation acts under the naturalization of trauma, vulnerability and risk, and has the final effect of the medicalization of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this topic review was to define themes for interpreting the health reform and guide a new model system. The method was a literature review on theories of public policy, relating to the analysis, quasi-markets in health and Integrated Networks of Health Services (INHS) and Primary Health Care (PHC). It contrasts the logic of public health (collective-citizen) and micro economic logic (individual-consumer). It analyzed the Colombian reform (law 100/93 and 1438/2001), based on theories of policy choice, classical approaches cycle policies and neoclassical theory, the structural reform based on the right to health, equity and theories of public policy (critical and constructivist approach). It concludes a need to continue the ideological debate on structural reform of the health system. Similarly, continue with technical developments, instrumental and implement strategies for integrated networks of health services and primary health care, to strengthen integrated health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Characterizing and evaluating information systems on the health sector in Colombia. Methodology: A conceptual frame that included the legal context of the country and organization of information systems in other countries was developed. Later on, Colombian health information system was characterized starting on interviews with important actors and papers. Finally, the organization of the system, information flows and its strengths and weaknesses were analyzed in order to propose some recommendations. Results and conclusions: information system of the Colombian health sector is divided and evidencing quality issues, as in other countries. The development of a production, diffusion and use of information culture is essential. We must take advantage of the change that is occurring in the health system for improving the information. Capture mechanisms for information require a simplification and standardization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this topic review was to define themes for interpreting the health reform and guide a new model system. The method was a literature review on theories of public policy, relating to the analysis, quasi-markets in health and Integrated Networks of Health Services (INHS) and Primary Health Care (PHC). It contrasts the logic of public health (collective citizen) and micro economic logic (individual-consumer). It analyzed the Colombian reform (law 100/93 and 1438/2001), based on theories of policy choice, classical approaches cycle policies and neoclassical theory, the structural reform based on the right to health, equity and theories of public policy (critical and constructivist approach). It concludes a need to continue the ideological debate on structural reform of the health system. Similarly, continue with technical developments, instrumental and implement strategies for integrated networks of health services and primary health care, to strengthen integrated health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]