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Objective. To determine histologically the length of the sarcomeres (LS) in muscle samples from commercial cuts in Romosinuano by Brahman bovine bulls. Materials and methods. Eighteen (18) muscle cuts with four repetitions of ten bulls (approx. 24m of age and 525±28.9 kg) were analyzed for the measurement of the bands that make up the LS, by staining with hematoxylin - eosin. The number of “A bands” present at 20 µm in each of the slices were counted. Results. The general average of LS for the 18 cuts was 2.12 µm. The longest LS were observed in the iliopsoas (3.32 µm) and tensor fasciae latae (3.26 µm) muscles (both p>0.05), which were significantly longer (p<0.05) than those obtained for the biceps femoris (1.69 µm) and gluteus medius (1.71 µm) muscles, which were considered to have lower SL (both p>0.05). Conclusions. Differences in LS were found between several muscles that correspond to commercial cuts from Colombia. The differences are related to the type, location and arrangement of the muscle in the carcass during cooling. The iliopsoas muscle (sirloin or fillet), cataloged in the market as a fine cut due to its tenderness, was the one with the highest SL. This is preliminary work for a Colombian Creole cross; therefore, it is necessary to continue deepening studies that allow elucidating to what extent there is an effect of the breed and of the industrial processes (thermal treatment and disposal of the carcasses in cold chambers) on the LS; but also, about the cause/effect relationship between LS and meat tenderness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A healthy and sustainable diet reduces the impact on the environment and promotes health. From public health, diet is a crucial determinant of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and coronary diseases known as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Adopting a healthy and sustainable diet can contribute to their prevention. The study's objective was to describe the environmental impact of several typical dishes from the different geographical regions of Colombia, considering their original recipe initially and then eliminating red meats and processed meats. The study calculated the total CO2-eq/kg of the typical dish from the Food Impacts on the Environment for Linking to Diets database, allowing the CO2-eq/kg of each food. The results showed that the typical dish with the most significant environmental impact was the goat friche with 21,719 CO2-eq/kg. By eliminating red meats and processed meats from the typical dishes, we obtained values lower than 1 CO2-eq/kg, except for the paisa tray, which had a final value of 2,035 CO2-eq/kg. We concluded that adopting a healthy and sustainable diet would reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and reduce the environmental impact of food production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article analyzes the problem of food shortages in Cartagena de Indias in the second half of the eighteenth century and first decade of the nineteenth century. It examines the soil conditions in the province, its water resources, and diverse types of production, all of this to be able to assert that at the time in the territory the natural conditions for agricultural and meat production were given. However, both economic and political interests of the local business sector endeavored to prove the absence of suitable conditions for agricultural production in order to push the import of foreign products, among which flours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Evaluate the genetic effect of Dorper lambs crosses with Colombian landraces, fasting time and stunning in slaughter yields, blood glucose levels as a measure of stress and pH as carcass quality. Materials and methods. 60 Dorper lambs crosses with Colombian landraces feeding under grazing and semi-feedlot systems, 10 weeks old were used. 3 fasting times (6, 12 and 18 hours) and 2 stunning methods (electrical stunning and penetrating captive bolt) were applied, evaluating yield of carcasses by weighting, glucose antemortem and postmortem samples. Results. The results showed that the combined effect of fasting and breeding systems affects the carcass and by-products yields. At long fasting times, the concentration of blood glucose is increased, although the fasting time affects the ultimate pH. The stunning effect only occurs in the change of pH for 24 hours, with an effect of electrical stimulation by the electrical stunning. Animals Dorper crosses with Colombian landraces breeding in grazing system showed better carcass yields, but lower percentages of white and red viscera. Conclusions. The carcasses average yield is similar in pure Dorper breeds be viable and comparable this crossing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contributes to the history of veterinary hygiene and the salubrity of animal-based foods in Medellin between 1913 and 1926. During this period, the agricultural and ranching frontier in Antioquia expanded and Medellin, with a growing population, started to become a pole of economic development and the principal livestock market in Colombia. To assist this process, national, departmental, and municipal authorities regulated animal health, veterinary instruction, and encouraged the growth of the livestock industry. Primary sources, such as correspondence and official newspapers, show that the hygienist discourse was initiated by economic and political elites from Antioquia and that the sanitary problems regarding meat and milk were resolved in Medellin by having the city take over the companies charged with providing these foodstuffs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a study of beef retailing in Bogotá (Colombia), and especially about the persistence of informal networks of sale and consumption. In my view, informality is responsible for two concomitant and seemingly opposite phenomena: high meat prices (the result of a long, unproductive, and inefficient supply chain), and the distribution of poor quality meat, slaughtered under questionable hygienic conditions, which in fact allows the poorest people to gain access to it. I begin this article by examining the importance of beef in Colombia. I then explore why it is so expensive, and describe the structure of its retailing and consumption chain. I end by discussing the implications of informal retailing and the impact of new, "modernizing" regulations that are being imposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]