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Rapid integration of renewable energy into the electric grid has ramifications for grid management and planning. Therefore, system operators have formulated grid code requirements to ensure that the grid continues to operate in a secure, safe, and cost-effective manner. The current state of grid code in Ethiopia, as well as the need for it, is discussed in this article. It lays out the technological grid integration requirements, with a focus on small and microgrids, which are especially important for the integration of renewable. The barriers to grid code normalization and renewable energy grid compatibility testing are identified, and suggestions for continued grid code development in Ethiopia based on Danish observations are provided. Further, a detailed comparative analysis of the Ethiopian grid code with the IEEE 1547-2003 and IEEE 1547-2018 standards is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generation of renewable energy sources and their interfacing to the main system has turn out to be most fascinating challenge. Renewable energy generation requires stable and reliable incorporation of energy to the low or medium voltage networks. This paper presents the microgrid modeling as an alternative and feasible power supply for Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Ethiopia. This microgrid consists of a 60 kW photo voltaic (PV) and a 20 kW wind turbine (WT) system; that is linked to the electrical distribution system of the campus by a 3-phase pulse width modulation scheme based voltage source inverters (VSI) and supplying power to the university buildings. The main challenge in this work is related to the interconnection of microgrid with utility grid, using 3-phase VSI controller. The PV and WT of the microgrid are controlled in active and reactive power (PQ) control mode during grid connected operation and in voltage/frequency (V/F) control mode, when the microgrid is switched to the stand-alone operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of proposed microgrid model, MATLAB/Simulink software has been employed. The performance of fully functioning microgrid is analyzed and simulated for a number of operating conditions. Simulation results supported the usefulness of developed microgrid in both mode of operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the radial distribution system, reliability is the most critical performance criterion. Additionally, optimizing the voltage profile is critical. This work proposed the optimal placement of distributed energy resources (DERs) to enhance the reliability and improve the voltage profile of the distribution feeder. To perform this research, two practical feeders of the Debre Markos (D / M) city distribution network, Ethiopia were used, which were affected by the outages. A composite system adequacy assessment, which includes the two main components of the power grid, i.e. generation and distribution, is performed using Monte Carlo simulation. The computed results show that integrating DER units improved the overall system's reliability. Further, the effect of varying DER penetration on reliability and voltage profile is also analyzed. ETAP and DIgSILENT software environments are used to perform this research. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]