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This article examines the relevant relationship between transport infrastructure and foreign direct investment (FDI) in explaining economic growth from the road and air transport perspectives in Ethiopia over the period 1981 to 2017. To determine the economic effect of transport infrastructure, first, we assess the co-integration between transport infrastructure and economic growth using the autoregressive distributed lag bound test model. Once co-integration is established, the elasticity of economic growth is estimated using Ordinary Least Square estimation techniques. Second, we perform the hierarchical multiple regression to estimate the mediation impact of FDI in the association between transport infrastructure and economic growth. Initially, we have standardized all variables. Then, we estimate the mediating effect of FDI. To validate the consistency of our method, we check the robustness of our model. The obtained result shows that transport infrastructure has a significant long-term economic effect, and the short-run dynamics show the speed of adjustment is corrected by 81% each year toward the long-run path, and thereby transport infrastructure attracts FDI in Ethiopia. Moreover, FDI plays a significant mediating role, thereby increasing the economic growth performance of the country in Ethiopia. The study extends previous research and increases the validity of the findings by investigating the economic impact of transport infrastructure in the Ethiopian context. Moreover, this study is the first research study that explores the mediating role of FDI in the relationship between transport infrastructure and economic growth in Ethiopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important bulb plant grown worldwide. Proper use of the agronomic practice has undoubtedly contributed to growing crop yields. The right level of any farming practice, like the distance between plants, plant density, date of planting, and time of harvest, can produce the wanted outcomes. Therefore, this research was piloted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing on the development of bulb harvest-related traits of onion varieties in Dambi Dollo University, Western Ethiopia, in 2021. Three onion varieties (Adama red, Monarch, Nafis) and four intra-row spaces (6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, and 12 cm) in factorial combinations were settled by a complete randomized block design which was simulated three times. The findings of the study indicate that all the factors related to crop growth and bulb yield of onion varieties were mainly influenced by different kinds and plant spacing. Conversely, the collaboration of these two factors did not affect all other factors, but the interaction of the two factors had a great effect on the days to maturity measured in this study. The highest plant height was registered on the onion planted at a distance of 10 cm (59.83 cm) and 12 cm (59.08 cm) distance between plants. The high commercial yields (34.44 t ha−1) and entire bulb yield (35.40 t ha−1) were found in the Nafis variety. The highest marketable yields (31.12 ha−1) and entire marketable yield (31.78 ha−1) were recorded on an onion plant planted 10 cm between plants. Therefore, in the research area, farmers can use a variety of Nafis and a 10 cm distance between plants to increase their onion production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current work was accompanied in Kellem Wollega Zones Jima Horro District, Western Ethiopia, to evaluate the reproduction and productive performances of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles' coated poultry. In the existence of sunlight as well as moistness, the titanium dioxide rusts and abolishes microorganisms (bacteria). The covering has been confirmed to decrease bacterial development. Once covered, the superficial remainders self-sanitized as it elongated as there is sufficient sunlight to galvanize the photocatalytic outcome. The middling poultry group scope per family was 12.04 heads. The overall middling time at first of local and improved chicken egg laying was 6.9 and six months, respectively. The overall hatchability and mortality were 82.3 and 41.1, respectively. The lowest chick mortality (39.8) was observed in Tribe Kebele (highland), and the highest clutches per year (2.96) were observed compared to other Kebeles (mid-altitude and low land). Poultry reproductivity is little, so diverse development approaches must be familiarized. The application of TiO2 nanoparticles in agriculture is a promising method in increasing fine and improved products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with the application of pharmaceutical shrub extract are a hopeful unconventional to the old chemical technique. The investigation is intended to synthesis TiO2 NPs in biological approach from homegrown plant Kusaayee Lippia adoensis leaf extraction which is widespread therapeutic plant and sophisticated in home parks of Ethiopia, in Oromia region in Dambi Dollo town. The bioprepared TiO2 nanoparticles written off as by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared visible spectrum (UV-Vis) as well as photoluminescence (PL). In addition, this investigation is assessed the antibacterial activities of the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles in illogicality of medical plus standard anxieties Escherichia coli, Klebsiellae preumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis through the disc dispersal technique. Furthermore of this work, TiO2 nanoparticles prepared using Lippia adoensis leaf extraction revealed hopeful result in contradiction of in cooperation Gram-positive (G+) and Gram-Negative (G-) bacterial anxieties by means of extreme reserve area of 14 nm and 12 nm, respectively, using uncalcinated system of the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]