1. Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Leishmania aethiopica to miltefosine, paromomycin, amphotericin B and sodium stibogluconate using amastigote-macrophage in vitro model.
- Author
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Utaile M, Kassahun A, Abebe T, and Hailu A
- Subjects
- Amphotericin B pharmacology, Animals, Antimony Sodium Gluconate pharmacology, Cells, Cultured, Ethiopia, Humans, Inhibitory Concentration 50, Leishmania classification, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous drug therapy, Mice, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests methods, Paromomycin pharmacology, Phosphorylcholine analogs & derivatives, Phosphorylcholine pharmacology, Antiprotozoal Agents pharmacology, Leishmania drug effects, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology, Macrophages, Peritoneal parasitology
- Abstract
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania aethiopica is a public health and social problem with a sequel of severe and mutilating skin lesions. It is manifested in three forms: localized CL (LCL), mucosal CL (MCL) and diffuse CL (DCL). Unresponsiveness to sodium stibogluconate (Sb(V)) is common in Ethiopian CL patients. Using the amastigote-macrophage in vitro model the susceptibility of 24 clinical isolates of L. aethiopica derived from untreated patients was investigated. Eight strains of LCL, 9 of MCL, and 7 of DCL patients together with a reference strain (MHOM/ET/82/117/82) were tested against four antileishmanial drugs: amphotericin B, miltefosine, Sb(V) and paromomycin. In the same order of drugs, IC(50) (μg/ml±SD) values for the 24 strains tested were 0.16±0.18, 5.88±4.79, 10.23±8.12, and 13.63±18.74. The susceptibility threshold of isolates originating from the 3 categories of patients to all 4 drugs was not different (p>0.05). Maximal efficacy was superior for miltefosine across all the strains. Further susceptibility test could validate miltefosine as a potential alternative drug in cases of sodium stibogluconate treatment failure in CL patients., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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