1. Ambulatory electrocardiography and serum cardiac troponin I measurement in 21 dogs envenomated by the European adder (Vipera berus).
- Author
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Harjen, Hannah J., Bjelland, Annelin A., Harris, Joanne, Grøn, Tone K., Anfinsen, Kristin P., Moldal, Elena R., and Rørtveit, Runa
- Subjects
AMBULATORY electrocardiography ,TROPONIN I ,DOGS ,DOG bites ,SERUM ,ARRHYTHMIA - Abstract
Background: Envenomation by the European adder (Vipera berus) is common in dogs in Europe. Cardiac arrhythmias occur but clinical studies of envenomated dogs are limited. Objectives: To describe arrhythmias in dogs within 48 hours of envenomation, and investigate associations between arrhythmia grade, serum troponin I (cTnI), and snakebite severity score (SS score). Animals Twenty‐one client‐owned dogs bitten by V berus. Methods: Prospective cohort study of envenomated dogs. Ambulatory electrocardiograms were recorded from presentation to 48 hours after snakebite, and arrhythmias graded 0 to 3 based on frequency and severity. Serum cTnI was measured at presentation, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, and 14 days after bite. An SS score of 1 to 3 was recorded at admission and based on clinical examination. Results: All dogs survived. Twelve dogs (57%) developed arrhythmias, all of which were ventricular in origin. Severe complex ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) were observed in 6 dogs (29%). Eighty‐one percent of dogs (n = 17) had increased cTnI concentrations at 1 or more time points. Dogs that developed arrhythmias had significantly higher concentrations of cTnI at 12 hours (1.67 [0.04‐32.68] versus 0.03 [0.01‐0.052]; P =.002), 24 hours (1.88 [0.2‐14.23] versus 0.06 [0.01‐2.06]; P =.009), and 36 hours (3.7 [0.02‐16.62] versus 0.06 [0.01‐1.33]; P =.006) after bite compared to those that did not. Contingency table analysis showed that SS score was not significantly associated with arrhythmia grade (P =.9). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Myocardial cell injury, reflected by increased cTnI concentrations and VAs, is common after V berus envenomation in dogs. Prolonged electrocardiography monitoring is advised, particularly where cTnI is increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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