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By using the Pedroni and Kao panel co-integration techniques, and FMOLS, DOLS and OLS methods, this study explores the long-run relationship among tourism receipts, renewable energy consumption and economic growth for the European Union countries. The long-run estimators report that "renewable energy increases economic growth", "tourism receipts increase economic growth", "capital increases economic growth" and "labor force increases economic growth". Further results and some policy implications are discussed in this empirical study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global financial shock had symmetrical effects across the Eurozone: the cross-border financial flows decreased in 2008, and the investors repatriated the funds towards home markets and re-evaluated the level of their international exposure. In the banking area, large mergers and aquisitions took place before the crisis and large banking group were created. This concentration process in the banking sector continued in the crisis context, because the banks performance dropped signifiantly. The Romanian banking system was less affected by the crisis, since it was not exposed to toxic assets, as well as due to the prudential and administrative measures adopted by the National Bank of Romania. Still, for Romania, but alsofor the entire Europe, the danger didn't dissapeared. The Greek situation and the Ukrainian conflict represent a challenge for the achieved stability in the European area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollution and energy crisis are actual issues in Europe, including the EU Central and Eastern European states. In this context, the objective of this paper is to assess the impact of economic growth and electricity prices for non-household consumers on pollution. The empirical findings reveal the U pattern for energy industry and inverted U pattern for manufacturing in the period 2007-2021 in the EU countries from Central and Eastern Europe. Renewable energy consumption reduces the CO2 and GHG emissions in energy industry. FDI and electricity prices determine the reduction in GHG and CO2 emissions in both sectors. These results are the basis for policy recommendations., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)