Search

Argument: In the last decades, many changes have occurred in scientific publishing, including online publication, data repositories, file formats and standards. The role played by computers in this process rekindled the argument on forms of technical determinism. This paper addresses this old debate by exploring the case of publishing processes in prehistoric archaeology during the second part of the twentieth century, prior to the wide-scale adoption of computers. It investigates the case of a collective and international attempt to standardize the typological analysis of prehistoric lithic objects, coined typologie analytique by Georges Laplace and developed by a group of French, Italian, and Spanish researchers. The aim of this paper is to: 1) present a general bibliometric scenario of prehistoric archaeology publishing in continental Europe; 2) report on the little-known typologie analytique method in archaeology, using publications, archives, and interviews; 3) show how the publication of scientific production was shaped by social (editorial policies, support networks) and material (typography features and publication formats) constraints; and 4) highlight how actors founded resources to control and counterbalance these effects, namely by changing and improving publishing formats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argument: In the last decades, many changes have occurred in scientific publishing, including online publication, data repositories, file formats and standards. The role played by computers in this process rekindled the argument on forms of technical determinism. This paper addresses this old debate by exploring the case of publishing processes in prehistoric archaeology during the second part of the twentieth century, prior to the wide-scale adoption of computers. It investigates the case of a collective and international attempt to standardize the typological analysis of prehistoric lithic objects, coined typologie analytique by Georges Laplace and developed by a group of French, Italian, and Spanish researchers. The aim of this paper is to: 1) present a general bibliometric scenario of prehistoric archaeology publishing in continental Europe; 2) report on the little-known typologie analytique method in archaeology, using publications, archives, and interviews; 3) show how the publication of scientific production was shaped by social (editorial policies, support networks) and material (typography features and publication formats) constraints; and 4) highlight how actors founded resources to control and counterbalance these effects, namely by changing and improving publishing formats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on a small fairytale book entitled Makalonca, completely designed by Jože Plecnik, and its two reprints, which were unfortunately found inferior to the original design. The Slovenian architecture by Jože Plecnik (1872-1957) is well known in Europe, while his work in the area of graphic design and typography is less known. During the Second World War he made all the decorations, vignettes and initial letters for fairytales and elaborated graphic design for the book. Two paperback reprints were subsequently published as well; one a year after the architect's death in 1958 and another in 1988, commemorating the centenary of the fairytales. In both reprints it was stressed that the graphic design remained the same as done by Plecnik. However, both reprints are deformations of the original. Not only are they different in book and layout size, typefaces, one even in the type style and type size of the body text, but there are also many other differences to be found within the rest of the text. In consequence, the Slovenian cultural heritage has lost a great deal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this first article, Part I (of 3 parts) Costa describes the appearing of movable type printing and how this invention was very important to the Renaissance Humanism and to the Protestant Reformation. He describes with several estimative data how it spread in Europe in the XV century with a considerable rise of book printing, specially religious themes written in Latin. Apart of fallacious intend that there would not have Reformation without typography, Costa shows how Luther and Calvin had his works popularized due to that. At the same time, he analyses how the protestant principle of "free examination" encouraged Bible publication, specially in the reformed countries. With the prohibition to the "heretic books" in our country, Costa describes how some books, including Bible, could get in despite the hard surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]